26 research outputs found

    Viscoelastic Performance of Biocomposites

    Get PDF
    The viscoelastic behavior and performance to creep of biocomposites made from fique natural fiber and low-density polyethylene-aluminum (LDPE–Al) obtained from recycled long-life packages were studied. A relationship was observed between the creep mechanical responses of biocomposites with respect to natural fibers. Additionally, the four and six parameters of the mathematical model were calculated from the creep curves. A very good agreement between the experimental data and the theoretical curves was obtained in the fluency region. The relationship between interfacial fiber or filler and the polymer matrix is an indicator of mechanical performance of biocomposite, regardless of the application that you want to give. It is known that the mechanical and viscoelastic properties depend on the application time of loading, the type of load, temperature, micromechanics relationship between the natural fiber and the matrix, the type of anchor prevailing for the transfer effort to micro- and nano-levels and cannot be treated mathematically only by the laws of solids or fluids, viscoelastic behavior of biocomposites. It is possible to obtain mathematical models that fit different rheological phenomena; for example, creep and stress relaxation can be modeled and correlated with biocomposite experiment using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)

    Biocomposites from Colombian Sugarcane Bagasse with Polypropylene: Mechanical, Thermal and Viscoelastic Properties

    Get PDF
    Biocomposites are materials formed by mixing a polymer matrix and a filler or reinforcement, with the characteristic that at least one should be of biological origin. For this study, biocomposites were obtained from natural fibers of cane bagasse and polypropylene, using bagasse from postindustrial sources, originating from the production of sugarcane from the Valle-Cauca region in Colombia. In addition, cane bagasse fibers were treated chemically, with the purpose of improving the interfacial relationship. Polypropylene homopolymer was used as a polymeric matrix, which was mixed in a twin screw extruder, obtaining different materials as biocomposites. Finally, it was possible to obtain a suitable biocomposite for application in injection molding processes and studying its mechanical, viscoelastic, and thermal behaviors, through DSC, TGA, DMA, and SEM techniques

    Genetic diversity of HIV in seminal plasma remains higher than in blood after short-term antiretroviral therapy

    Get PDF
    Objective: To provide insight on viral kinetics and genetic diversity of HIV in seminal plasma at baseline and 1 month after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART). Patients and methods: Blood and seminal samples from patients with newly diagnosed HIV were obtained before ART initiation (T0) and 1 month after ART initiation (T1). HIV env genetic diversity was studied using deep sequencing Nextera and V3 chemistry in a MiSeq Illumina platform. The number of viral quasispecies (5% cut-off) and Shannon Index were used to analyse diversity. Results: Forty-seven ART-naive patients were recruited between September 2016 and November 2018. At enrolment, the number of quasispecies in blood (median 4 (IQR 2-5)) was lower than in the seminal compartment (median 6, (IQR 4-8)) (p<0.01); the Shannon Index was also higher (p<0.001) in the seminal compartment than in blood (1.77 vs 0.64). At T1, for the 13 patients with detectable HIV in both blood/seminal plasma, viral diversity remained higher (p=0.139) in seminal plasma (median 2 (IQR 1-4.5)) than in blood (median 1 (IQR 1-1.5)) Integrase inhibitors (INI)-based regimens achieved higher levels of undetectability and led more frequently to lower variability (p<0.001) than protease inhibitors (PI) or non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI). Conclusion: We provide here further evidence of a larger genetic diversity in seminal plasma, both at diagnosis and short term after ART initiation. Our results strengthen previous findings on HIV diversity in seminal plasma. In addition, INIs decrease variability more rapidly than PI and NNRTI in both blood and seminal plasm

    Review of agro waste plastic composites production.

    Get PDF
    This article reviews the literature reports base on agro waste plastic composites using different fiber as fillers and reinforcements. Various processing methods and conditions; compression molding process, injection molding, and extrusion method are used in the composites productions. Characterization challenges associated with the agro waste plastic composites productions were also examined. Thus, the findings of this research review can be use as a data base for further inquiring into the agro waste plastic composites in a view to enhance the development of the sector

    Actualidad y prospectiva de la investigación científica en el Centro Universitario Amecameca de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

    Get PDF
    Con responsabilidad, se organizó un programa cuya finalidad fuera publicitar con transparencia dichos avances, a través de un esfuerzo de rendición de cuentas a la comunidad inmediata, la universitaria, y a la comunidad abierta, la sociedad que la principal referencia para tal efecto. El programa se concretiza a través del presente libro, conformado con una inspiración de investigación multidisciplinaria; sin embargo, para llegar a tal fin, el reto es realizar el proceso de búsqueda y generación de conocimiento transitando hacia la colaboración de los cuerpos académicos, que puedan construir nuevos conocimientos fortalecidos por la convergencia de diferentes campos del saber. En consecuencia, la primera etapa de esta estrategia es la publicidad de los trabajos investigativos ejercidos, para hacer un balance al día, pero también proyectar el futuro de cada campo y área del conocimiento. La organización explicativa está organizada por tres bloques representativos del quehacer en la generación de conocimiento del Centro Universitario, un primer bloque centra el interés en las humanidades, educación y sustentabilidad; el segundo bloque lo integra la reflexión científica sobre la construcción democrática, derechos humanos y equidad de género; en el tercer segmento se destina a la seguridad alimentaria, salud pública y sistemas agropecuarios. La actualidad de la investigación eleva la producción lograda y lo que en el momento se encuentra en construcción y los alcances que produce para la docencia, la investigación misma, y para la sociedad en general. La prospectiva es un área que todos los capítulos desarrollan con el propósito de delinear los alcances innovadores por andar en teoría, metodología e incluso en los saberes mismo

    Comportamiento mecánico y viscoelástico de materiales compuestos con fibras naturales. Caso: pebd-al-fique

    No full text
    Introducción. Materiales compuestos y fibras naturales. Introducción a la micromecánica de compuestos. Comportamiento viscoelástico. El compuesto pebd-al-fique. Caracterización de fibras. Propiedades térmicas. Referencias bibliográficasLos componentes utilizados en Ingeniería por lo general tienen que soportar elevadas cargas mecánicas. Es por tanto de gran importancia para los estudiantes de Ingeniería mecánica, materiales y afines, estudiar a fondo el comportamiento mecánico de materiales, independientemente de su procedencia. Hay diferentes enfoques en este tema: el ingeniero está interesado principalmente en las normas y la dimensión del diseño de los componentes; la ciencia de materiales, por lo general, se centra en los procesos físicos que ocurren en el material durante la carga mecánica. Sin embargo, en última instancia, ambos aspectos son importantes en la práctica y se recomienda se comprendan y se estudien juntos. Sin una clara comprensión de los mecanismos de deformación del material, el ingeniero no podrá ser crítico para extender la aplicación de las normas de diseño y por lo tanto, podría causar fallas inesperadas, y al tiempo incrementar la incertidumbre en los componentes que diseñe. Por otra parte, todo el conocimiento teórico es prácticamente inútil si la diferencia de su aplicación práctica no está cerrada con la experimentación apoyada en el diseño experimental. El objetivo al escribir este libro, es presentar a estudiantes de Ingeniería una experiencia investigativa soportada en la articulación de la teoría de la experimentación y el análisis estadístico, la cual espera apoyar los procesos de formación del estudiante de Ingeniería que se interesen en estos temas. En particular, quisiera que el texto se constituya en una fuente de consulta para aquellos estudiantes de últimos semestres de pregrado y maestría que deseen iniciarse en el fantástico mundo de la investigación con polímeros y compuestos de matriz termoplástica y fibras naturale

    CAD/CAM aplicado al prototipado y análisis cinemático de elementos de máquinas

    Get PDF
    En este artículo se presenta una experiencia en la enseñanza de herramientas CAD/CAM, aplicado al diseño de prototipos funcionales. El objetivo es estudiar diseños de mecanismos o subsistemas de máquinas, posteriormente la geometría de cada pieza se modela utilizando una herramienta computacional para CAD paramétrico, en la que es posible hacer ensambles y estudios cinemáticos. En seguida se eligen piezas susceptibles de ser construidas con máquinas herramientas CNC, los archivos CAD de dichas piezas se exportan a un paquete CAM, posteriormente se selecciona el método para programar el torno o la fresa CNC y finalmente se construyen las piezas en materiales poliméricos y el resto de piezas se construyen con herramientas convencionales. Finalmente se realiza un ensamble del prototipo con el fin de valorar las prestaciones mecánicas de los mecanismos o subsistemas de máquinas.In the present work, computer tools for the design and manufacturing of a double cavity mold of a container were used. Initially the product was designed according to a client’s specifications, using a Computer Aided Design (CAD) software. Later, a Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM) software was used in order to define the cutting parameters and the tools for machining a given material. Finally, the double cavity mold was constructed in a machine shop and later assembled in a blower machine used for the production of plastic containers

    Mechanical, thermal, viscoelastic performance and product application of PP- rice husk Colombian biocomposites

    No full text
    This work presents the results of a study on the use of Colombian rice husk (RH) for property modification of unfilled Polypropylene (PP). RH is an agro-industrial by-product generated in the rice mills after the separation process of the grain. Here, RH particles were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and 3D microscopy. PP-RH biocomposites were prepared using extrusion and injection molding processes with RH loadings of 10, 20, and 30 wt %. Also, the manufacture of PP-RH based products through an industrial scale injection molding process was explored. Results showed that biocomposites tensile and flexural modulus increased up to 63 and 75% respectively as compared with neat PP. However, the elongation at break decreased as the RH loading increased. TGA studies reveal that RH addition increases the thermal stability of the PP matrix up to 63 °C. Also, DMA and 3d microscopy showed improvements in the biocomposites dimensional stability due to RH addition. Finally, it was possible to manufacture and study a product of a PP-RH biocomposite through an industrial scale injection molding process. This study explores the real possibilities of this agro-industrial by-product to be used as reinforcement for polymer matrix composite

    Influence of incorporation of natural fibers on the physical, mechanical, and thermal properties of composites ldpe-al reinforced with fique fibers

    Get PDF
    Este estudio muestra el efecto de la incorporación de fibras naturales de fique en una matriz formada por polietileno de baja densidad y aluminio (LDPE-Al) obtenido en el proceso de reciclaje de envases Tetra Pak de larga duración. El contenido de refuerzo fue de 10, 20 y 30% de fibras, fabricadas mediante moldeo por compresión en caliente de tableros compuestos (LDPE-Al / fique). A partir del análisis termogravimétrico (TGA) se determinó que las proporciones del LDPE-Al fueron 75:25 p / p. Asimismo, se encontró que las partículas de aluminio aumentaron la rigidez del LDPE-Al, reduciendo la resistencia al impacto en comparación con LDPE reciclado de Tetra Pak sin aluminio; además de esto, la cristalinidad en el LDPE-Al aumentó con la presencia de aluminio, lo cual fue observado por calorimetría diferencial de barrido (DSC). La resistencia máxima y el módulo de Young a las propiedades de tracción y flexión aumentaron con la incorporación de las fibras, siendo este aumento una función directa de la cantidad de refuerzo contenido en el material. Finalmente, se identificó una reducción en la densidad del compuesto por la generación de huecos en la interfaz entre el LDPE-Al y las fibras de fique, y también hubo una mayor absorción de agua debido a la débil interfase fibra-matriz y las fibras hidrofílicas contenidas en el material.This study shows the effect of the incorporation of natural fique fibers in a matrix formed by low-density polyethylene and aluminum (LDPE-Al) obtained in the recycling process of long-life Tetra Pak packaging. The reinforcement content was 10, 20, and 30% fibers, manufactured by hot-press compression molding of composite boards (LDPE-Al/fique). From the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) it was determined that the proportions of the LDPE-Al were 75 : 25 w/w. Likewise, it was found that the aluminum particles increased the rigidity of the LDPE-Al, reducing the impact strength compared to LDPE recycled from Tetra Pak without aluminum; besides this, the crystallinity in the LDPE-Al increased with the presence of aluminum, which was observed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The maximum strength and Young’s modulus to tensile and flexural properties increased with the incorporation of the fibers, this increase being a direct function of the amount of reinforcement contained in the material. Finally, a reduction in the density of the compound by the generation of voids at the interface between the LDPE-Al and fique fibers was identified, and there was also a greater water absorption due to weak interphase fiber-matrix and the hydrophilic fibers contained in the material

    Mechanical and thermal properties of biocomposites from nonwoven industrial fique fiber mats with epoxy resin and linear low density polyethylene

    Get PDF
    In this work Linear Low Density Polyethylene-nonwoven industrial Fique fiber mat (LLDPE-Fique) andEpoxy Resin-nonwoven industrial Fique fiber mat (EP-Fique) biocomposites were prepared using thermo-compression and resin film infusion processes. Neat polymeric matrices and its biocomposites weretested following ASTM standards in order to evaluate tensile and flexural mechanical properties. Also,thermal behavior of these materials has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and ther-mogravimetric analysis (TGA). Tensile and flexural test revealed that nonwoven Fique reinforced com-posites exhibited higher modulus and strength but lower deformation capability as compared withLLDPE and EP neat matrices. TG thermograms showed that nonwoven Fique fibers incorporation hasan effect on the thermal stability of the composites. On the other hand, Fique fibers did not change thecrystallization and melting processes of the LLDPE matrix but restricts the motion of EP macromoleculeschains thus increases the Tg of the EP-Fique composite. Finally, this work opens the possibility of consid-ering non-woven Fique fibers as a reinforcement material with a high potential for the manufacture ofbiocomposites for automotive applications. In addition to the processing test specimens, it was also pos-sible to manufacture a part of LLDPE-Fique, and one part of EP-Fiqu
    corecore