CADEXOMER VERSUS POVIDONE IODINE DRESSING IN CHRONIC LEG ULCERS- A PROSPECTIVE STUDY.

Background: In the present scenario the entire healthcare system has been overburdened with chronic wounds be it monetary wise or manpower requirements like nurses, doctors, etc. A chronic wound is being treated by many topical drugs which are prevailing in the market. So we considered this study i.e. “the effect of cadexomer and providone iodine on chronic leg ulcers”. Objective:  The main and primary objective of this study was to compare the outcome of both, Cadexomer and povidone-iodine, about their effect on the treatment of leg ulcers. Methods: With 30 patients in each group, 30 patients with chronic wounds participated in this prospective study. As part of the statistical analysis, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and the Student's Paired T-Test are used. Results: Patients who received cadexomer iodine ointment had a significantly (p<0.05) greater rate of wound healing, as well as a significantly lower level of bacterial overload and promotion of the creation of granulation tissue. Conclusion: The effect of cadexomer as a vector in combination with providone iodine ointment resulted in a higher rate of biofilm, slough, and debris reduction and a better rate of granulation tissue formation promotion, both of which increased the rate at which a wound heals and lowered the cost of managing chronic wounds. Recommendation:  It is recommended that the efficacy of the ointments (cadexomer and providone iodine) be researched for proper healing of ulcers and wounds in diabetic leg ulcers because a significant number of diabetic patients experience leg ulcers because, in this study, it was discovered that over 60 people suffered with the risk of leg ulcers

Autophagy induction by Scutellaria flavones in cancer: recent advances

In parallel with a steady rise in cancer incidence worldwide, the scientific community is increasingly focused on finding novel, safer and more efficient modalities for managing this disease. Over the past decades, natural products have been described as a significant source of new structural leads for novel drug candidates. Scutellaria root is one of the most studied natural products because of its anticancer potential. Besides just describing the cytotoxic properties of plant constituents, their molecular mechanisms of action in different cancer types are equally important. Therefore, this review article focuses on the role of the Scutellaria flavones wogonin, baicalein, baicalin, scutellarein and scutellarin in regulating the autophagic machinery in diverse cancer models, highlighting these molecules as potential lead compounds for the fight against malignant neoplasms. The knowledge that autophagy can function as a dual-edged sword, acting in both a pro- and antitumorigenic manner, further complicates the issue, revealing an amazing property of flavonoids that behave either as anti- or proautophagic agents

Insecticidal, food utilisation and biochemical effect of essential oils extracted from seeds of Brassica juncea (Czern.) against Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Fabricius)

The glucosinolate rich hot and cold hexane extracts of Brassica juncea had a negative effect on the development of Spodoptera litura larvae when they were fed on different concentrations of the extracts. Both larval growth index and pupal growth index declined with treatment. However the hot extract with 3-butenyl isothiocyanate as the predominant compound had a more deleterious effect as at 3125ppm the larvae were unable to complete their development. The nutritional indices too were more adversely affected with hot extract as compared to cold extract. The RGR, RCR, ECI and ECD declined significantly with increase in concentration of the hot hexane extract. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, SOD and catalase decreased while that of phosphatases, GSTs, phenol oxidases increased during the initial treatment duration but decreased on prolonged treatment of the larvae with LC50 concentration of hot extract. A similar trend was observed for glutathione and lipid peroxides but a decrease in ascorbate content was observed as compared to control. The findings reveal a toxic effect of 3-butenylisothiocyanate rich hot hexane extract of B. juncea on S. litura larvae

Health chain-block chain based electronic healthcare record system with access and permission management

An electronic health record (EHR) is a technology that allows you to keep track of your health information. It keeps computerized records of several healthcare organizations. Records are exchanged via enterprise-wide data systems as well as other networking technologies and exchanges. Patients nowadays expect immediate access to their health information. However, the health sector comes with immediate access to data, and there are worries about the privacy and security of medical records of patients. As a result, a blockchain-based solution can assist in resolving this issue. The blockchain has the potential to beat the conventional centralized system, which suffers from a severe lack of accessibility. The current healthcare system is often seen as being both costly and convoluted. However, with improved health data management and insurance providers, this may be reduced via the use of Blockchain Technology (BT). It is the goal of the developers of BT to make it possible to keep track of financial transactions without having to rely on a central authority or a bank. Innovations in BT have allowed for better health records, insurance billing, and smart contract transactions, and it also enable a decentralized data structure of activities, as well as eternal availability and security over health information. Access to medical records, instrument tracking, prescription databases, hospital facilities, and property lifetime all inside a blockchain architecture is made possible by BT that also greatly improves the seamless integration of health information. The use of BT in the medical field has this advantage as one of its primary advantages. Access to a patient's medical history is crucial for prescribing the right treatment, and BT has the potential to greatly enhance the current state of public healthcare delivery. This paper offers a block chain-based scheme called “Health Chain” as a solution for maintaining medical records. Health Chain is made to be better than the existing systems since it gives patients, health professionals, and other external stakeholders safe, efficient, and ubiquitous medical information available while maintaining the patients' confidentiality. To regulate operations and restrict access to digital health records, Health Chain uses timed-based smart contracts. In addition, it uses cutting-edge encryption methods to boost security. This study suggests a new reward system that uses healthcare professionals to track patients' medical information and construct additional units. Numerous tests are run to assess the proposed Health Chain model's performance, and the findings demonstrate that the proposed suggestion effectively manages a huge dataset called (nCOV19) from the Covid-19 study with little delay. Maximum efficiency will be expected to be attained by 98%, transaction latency by 95%, overall system execution time by 96%, data security by 92%, and data scalability by 95%, according to the suggested research

Bioprotective Efficacy of Erucin Against 7,12-Dimethylbenz(α)anthracene-Induced Microstructural Changes in Male Wistar Rats

Objective: Environmental pollutants are responsible for inducing a number of biochemical and physical changes in the various organs of an organism. The most potent pollutants is7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) (a genotoxic carcinogen), a polyaromatic hydrocarbon. It is known to induce a number of genetic changes including the formation of DNA adducts. These genotypic changes in turn are responsible for inducing microstructural changes in the vital organs viz. kidneys, stomach and lungs of an organism. These changes in turn cause biochemical alterations in an animal and hence alter the normal functioning. Synthetic drugs provide a sigh of relief but a large number of side effects in addition to the growing resistance has made it necessary to find an efficient alternative. Plant secondary metabolites, especially glucosinolate hydrolytic products, are known for their high bioprotective activity. The current study was therefore designed to analyze the bioprotective role of erucin against DMBA-induced microstructural changes in kidneys, lungs and stomach of male Wistar rats using histological analysis. Material and Method: The bioprotective efficacy of erucin was evaluated in male Wistar rats against DMBA induced microstructural changes. The rats were divided into five groups where group I was untreated control, group II was DMBA treated and group III-V were treatment (DMBA + erucin) groups. Results: Erucin was able to protect the rats against DMBA-induced histopathological changes in the lungs and stomach. No changes were observed in the kidney following treatment with DMBA or erucin. Conclusion: Erucin has bioprotective activity against genotoxic carcinogen

Technological and Functional Assessment of Riboflavin Enriched Probiotic SoyCurd

Preparation of soymilk-based product with probiotics is reasonably a novel approach in the field of fermented functional foods. The aim of this study was to develop riboflavin enriched fermented soy curds with either or combination of the two riboflavin producing probiotic strains of Lactobacillus plantarum i.e., MTCC 25432 (BBC32B) and MTCC 25433 (BBC33), and to compare the technological and functional properties of its developed products. Acidification rate and lactic acid production were enhanced with L. plantarum and its combination in a shorter time to reach pH 4.7. Hardness and cohesiveness were significantly (p < 0.05) higher for fermented soymilk by co-culture of L. plantarum followed by individual strains. Similarly, higher G′ (6.25 × 102 Pa), G” (2.30 × 103 Pa) and G* (8.00 × 102 Pa) values observed for the combination of both L. plantarum strains showed that the gel formed was firmer and had solid character. The riboflavin content of product developed with a combination of test cultures was significantly higher (342.11 µg/L) than individual cultures and control. The final product had a higher probiotic count (more than 9 log cfu/mL), which is also required for functional food containing probiotics

A Randomized, Double-Blind Study Assessing Changes in Cognitive Function in Indian School Children Receiving a Combination of Bacopa monnieri and Micronutrient Supplementation vs. Placebo

Several studies have indicated a chronic cognitive enhancing effect of Bacopa monnieri across different ages and cognitive impairment associated with vitamin and mineral deficiencies in children. Therefore, we investigated the effects of 4-month supplementation with a combination of B. monnieri extract and multiple micronutrients on cognitive functions in Indian school children aged 7–12 years. This was a randomized, double-blind, parallel design, single-center study in which 300 children were randomized to receive a beverage either fortified with B. monnieri and multiple micronutrients (“fortified”) or a non-fortified isocaloric equivalent (“control”) twice-daily for 4 months. Cognitive function was assessed by the Cambridge Neuropsychological Automated Test Battery (CANTAB) administered at baseline, Day 60 and Day 121. The primary endpoint was change in short-term memory (working memory) from baseline in subjects receiving “fortified” vs. “control” beverages after 4 months. Secondary endpoints included sustained attention, episodic memory, and executive function. The “fortified” beverage did not significantly improve short-term memory or any of the secondary outcomes tested relative to the “control” beverage. However, the spatial working memory “strategy” score showed significant improvement on Day 60 (difference between groups in change from baseline: −0.55; p < 0.05), but not on Day 121 due to the active intervention. Study products were well-tolerated. Reasons for these unexpected findings are discussed

Natural flavonoids exhibit potent anticancer activity by targeting microRNAs in cancer : A signature step hinting towards clinical perfection

Cancer prevalence and its rate of incidence are constantly rising since the past few decades. Owing to the toxicity of present-day antineoplastic drugs, it is imperative to explore safer and more effective molecules to combat and/or prevent this dreaded disease. Flavonoids, a class of polyphenols, have exhibited multifaceted implications against several diseases including cancer, without showing significant toxicity towards the normal cells. Shredded pieces of evidence suggest that flavonoids can enhance drug sensitivity and suppress proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis of cancer cells by modulating several oncogenic or oncosuppressor microRNAs (miRNAs, miRs). They play pivotal roles in regulation of various biological and pathological processes, including various cancers. In the present review, the structure, chemistry and miR targeting efficacy of quercetin, luteolin, silibinin, genistein, epigallocatechin gallate, and cyanidin against several cancer types are comprehensively discussed. miRs are considered as next-generation medicine of recent times, and their targeting by naturally occurring flavonoids in cancer cells could be deemed as a signature step. We anticipate that our compilations related to miRNA-mediated regulation of cancer cells by flavonoids might catapult the clinical investigations and affirmation in the future

Hepatic Dysfunction Induced by 7, 12-Dimethylbenz(α)anthracene and Its Obviation with Erucin Using Enzymatic and Histological Changes as Indicators

<div><p>The toxicity induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA) has been widely delineated by a number of researchers. This potent chemical damages many internal organs including liver, by inducing the production of reactive oxygen species, DNA-adduct formation and affecting the activities of phase I, II, antioxidant and serum enzymes. Glucosinolate hydrolytic products like isothiocyanates (ITCs) are well known for inhibiting the DNA-adduct formation and modulating phase I, II enzymes. Sulforaphane is ITC, currently under phase trials, is readily metabolized and inter-converted into erucin upon ingestion. We isolated erucin from <i>Eruca sativa</i> (Mill.) Thell. evaluated its hepatoprotective role in DMBA induced toxicity in male wistar rats. The rats were subjected to hepatic damage by five day regular intraperitoneal doses of DMBA. At the end of the protocol, the rats were euthanized, their blood was collected and livers were processed. The liver homogenate was analyzed for phase I (NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase, NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase, cytochrome P450, cytochrome P420 and cytochrome b5), phase II (DT diaphorase, glutathione-S-transferase and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidise, ascorbate peroxidise, glutathione reductase and lactate dehydrogenase). The level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides, conjugated dienes and reduced glutathione in the liver homogenate was also analyzed. The serum was also analyzed for markers indicating hepatic damage (alkaline phosphatase, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, direct bilirubin and total bilirubin). Erucin provided significant protection against DMBA induced damage by modulating the phase I, II and antioxidant enzymes. The histological evaluation of liver tissue was also conducted, which showed the hepatoprotective role of erucin.</p></div