New Trends in Name-Giving in Turkey

В статье дается краткий обзор традиционных стратегий имянаречения в Турции и анализируются новые тенденции. Наблюдения основаны на корпусе из 1 270 имен, собранных автором посредством опроса студентов и отражающих практики именования за последние несколько десятилетий. Данные собирались безотносительно социальных, религиозных или этнических факторов, для каждого имени указывался возраст его носителя. Собранные имена были распределены по трем группам: коммеморативные имена, оптативные имена и акцидентные имена. Эта типология позволяет отследить изменения в классификационной дистрибуции турецких личных имен за последнее время. Автор констатирует, что традиционные стратегии имянаречения все еще активно используются в Турции, тем не менее, все более ярко проявляют себя и новые тенденции. Автор объясняет их, апеллируя к социальным изменениям, подталкивающим молодых образованных родителей, большинство из которых имеют высшее образование, являются городскими жителями и имеют только одного ребенка, следовать нетрадиционным принципам имянаречения, свидетельствующими о возрастающем в турецком обществе индивидуализме и ослаблении связей с традициями.The author gives a brief review of traditional customs of name-giving in Turkey and analyses some recent trends. The observations are based on 1270 Turkish names collected from the author’s students and reflecting naming practices in Turkey over last several decades. The data has been collected randomly regardless of social, regional, religious or ethnic backgrounds, all names being accompanied by the indication of the age of their bearers. The collected data were categorized into three groups: commemorative names, desiderata names and fortuitous names. This categorization shows the distribution of Turkish names and the changes in the stock of personal names over the years. The traditional name-giving customs are still observed in Turkey, however, new trends are becoming more prominent in the country. The author explains the changes with reference to social evolution which incites young educated parents, most of whom are university graduates living in urban areas and having only one child, to adopt new strategies of name-giving testifying their increasing individualism and weakening ties with traditions

Reply to the letter to the editor ‘‘in response to: a better design is needed for clinical studies of chronic tympanic membrane perforations using biological materials’’ 10.1007/s00405-016-4019-0

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Pediatric trauma score: Is it reliable in predicting mortality?

The Pediatric Trauma Score (PTS) is rapidly gaining acceptance for use in prehospital triage. This study examines its reliability in predicting mortality. The charts of the 533 trauma patients hospitalized between 1984–1989 were reviewed and the PTS was calculated for each. There were 3 deaths in 370 patients with PTS >8, while 24 of 163 children with PTS ?8 died. Size categorization was found to be overemphasized because of the low mortality (7.7%) in children smaller than 10 kg, although their mean PTS (6.4 ± 2.1) was significantly lower than the mean PTS (9.0 ± 2.2) of children over 10 kg. Forty-nine of 71 surgically treated patients having intra-abdominal organ injuries had a PTS >8. The existing parameters of PTS did not have equal relationships to mortality, and may even all be inadequate in the correct triage of children with blunt abdominal trauma. © 1993, Springer-Verlag. All rights reserved

An attribution-value model of prejudice: Anti-fat attitudes in six nations

The authors propose an Attribution-Value model of prejudice, which hypothesizes that people are prejudiced against groups that they feel have some negative attribute for which they, are held responsible. The structure of prejudice against fat people was compared in six nations: Australia, India, Poland, Turkey, the United States of America, and Venezuela. Both a negative cultural value for fatness and a tendency to hold people responsible predicts anti-fat prejudice. Most important, a multiplicative hypothesis was supported-people with both a negative value for fatness and a tendency to hold people responsible were more anti-fat than could be predicted from cultural value and attributions alone. These effects were more pronounced in individualist cultures. The authors develop the Attribution-Value model of prejudice that can apply to prejudice of many sorts across many cultures