Direct Potentiometric Method for Human Stress Determination

The application of platinum redox electrode for potentiometric determination of salivary amylase activity as a stress biomarker is described. The candidates were divided into two groups, physical activity – medium intensity exercise (ten candidates), and psychical activity – student exam (thirteen candidates). The experimental data were compared with an adapted theoretical model where the sensor and analyte properties were optimized using Solver and the least-squares criterion to fit a theoretical curve into the experimental data set. It was found that, in both groups, the salivary amylase activity had increased after exposure to stress activities. For physical stress, the salivary amylase activity increase was found to be up to 699 %, with a potential difference between the trained and “untrained” candidates’ dependence; and for psychical stress, the salivary amylase activity increase was dispersed in a range from 117 % to 1201 %. Proposed methodology offers a fast and inexpensive way to determine salivary amylase activity and stress levels in humans

Case-control study of apoE gene polymorphism in young CHD patients and controls in the Serbian population

Apolipoprotein E displays polymorphism with three common alleles, e2, e3, and e4. The aim of this research was to determine apoE gene polymorphism in a group of healthy patients and a group of patients with CHD, and to reveal the relation between anthropometric and biochemical parameters and the apoE genotype. In CHD group significantly higher values of blood pressure, waist circumference, BMI and fat %, triglycerides, insulin (HOMA IR) and CRP were found. A statistically significant higher presence of the e3e4 genotype and e4 allele was detected in the CHD group. Statistically significant differences between waist circumference, BMI, insulin and HOMA IR were found between subjects with e3e3 and e3e4 genotypes

ProCJENA NEKIH BIoLošKIH ZNAčAJKI DoBroG DUPINA (TUrSIoPS TrUNCATUS) S PoMoćU STUPNJEVA oKošTAVANJA KoSTIJU PrSNE PErAJE

Dobri dupin (Tursiops truncatus) iz reda kitova (Cetacea) danas je jedini trajno naseljeni morski sisavac u Jadranskom moru i zakonom je zaštićena vrsta u Hrvatskoj. Mnoge biološke značajke ove vrste još su uvijek nepoznate, a kako se radi o ugroženoj i malobrojnoj životinjskoj vrsti, nastoji se iz postojećeg materijala prikupiti što više podataka. U tu svrhu željeli smo ovim istraživanjem utvrditi metode za procjenu dobi, tjelesne dužine i mase u dobrih dupina na temelju stupnjeva okoštavanja kostiju prsne peraje. ovim radom obuhvaćeni su dobri dupini koji su pronađeni mrtvi u hrvatskom dijelu Jadranskog mora u razdoblju od listopada 1990. do siječnja 2010. godine. S pomoću rendgenoskopa pregledana su 232 rendgenograma prsnih peraja dobrog dupina podrijetlom od 60 mužjaka i 57 ženki dobi od 0 do 28 godina, ukupne tjelesne dužine od 99 do 322 cm. Utvrđena su središta okoštavanja kostiju prsne peraje dobrog dupina i stupnjevi njihova sraštavanja. Na temelju stupnjeva sraštavanja kostiju izrađene su jednadžbe s pomoću kojih se mogu izračunati važne biološke značajke kao što su tjelesna dužina, masa i dob dobrog dupina. ovi će rezultati biti primijenjeni u istraživanjima dobrih dupina, gdje su nalazi samo koštanih ostataka životinja česti

Karakterizacija sirodezmina izolovanih iz fitopatogene gljive Leptosphaeria maculans

The pathogenicity of phytopathogenic fungi is associated with phytotoxins, especially with their chemical nature and quantity. Sirodesmins are phytotoxins from the epipolythiodioxopiperazines group, produced by the fungus Leptosphaeria maculans, which are a cause of blackleg and stem canker in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). The aim of this work was to obtain a detailed chemical profile of sirodesmins in five fungal isolates (four from Vojvodina, Serbia, and one from the Centre for Agricultural Research, Rothamsted, UK). Sirodesmins showing different phytotoxicity on treated cotyledons of cv. Quinta were separated and detected by thin layer chromatography in all analysed isolates (L.m, C-3, St-5 and S-11) except K-113, which neither contained sirodesmin congeners nor did it exhibit activity. By use of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometer, it was possible to identify total of 10 sirodesmins, together with their precursor-phomamide. It was found that the dominant epipolythiodioxopiperazines of the investigated L. maculans isolates were sirodesmin PL, sirodesmin C, and their de-acetylated derivatives.Patogenost fitopatogenih gljiva povezana je sa fitotoksinima, a naročito sa njihovom hemijskom prirodom i količinom. Sirodezmini su fitotoksini iz grupe epipolitiodioksopiperazina, koje proizvodi gljiva Leptosphaeria maculans, uzročnik suve truleži korena i raka stabla uljane repice. Cilj ovog rada bila je detaljna hemijska karakterizacija sirodezmina u pet izolata gljiva (četiri iz Vojvodine i jedan iz Velike Britanije, Centar za poljoprivredna istraživanja, Rothamsted). Kod svih ispitivanih izolata (L. maculans, C-3, St-3, S-11), osim K-113 (koji nije sadržao sirodezmine niti pokazivao aktivnost) tankoslojnom hromatografijom su razdvojeni i detektovani sirodezmini koji su pokazali različitu fitotoksičnost na tretiranim kotiledonima sorte Quinta. Primenom tečne hromatografije visoke efikasnosti, kuplovane sa tandemskim masenim spektrometrom, bilo je moguće identifikovati ukupno 10 sirodezmina, kao i njihov prekursor - fomamid. Utvrđeno je da su dominantni epipolitio-dioksopiperazini ispitivanih izolata L. maculans sirodezmin PL, sirodezmin C i njihovi deacetilovani derivati

Session 17 Ecophysiology

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Ocena efektivne veličine populacije i opasnosti za originalnu rasu goveda u cilju očuvanja i korišćenja genetskih resursa u Hrvatskoj

Because of the economic, scientific and cultural interest it is necessary to protect biological diversity of indigenous breeds of animals. In Croatia there are three original cattle breeds: Istrian cattle, Slavonsko-srijemski podolac breed and Busha breed. The aim of the research was to estimate the effective size of the populations and threats to the original cattle breeds, considering that the competent authorities of the Republic of Croatia had started certain programs for their protection. The research results have shown certain positive trends that are mostly expressed in the population of the Istrian cattle. During the last few years, certain negative trends in the populations of Slavonsko-srijemski podolac breed and Busha breed have been transformed into the mild positive population trends.Zbog ekonomskog, naučnog i kulturološkog značaja neophodno je zaštititi biološki diverzitet autohtonih, nativnih rasa životinja. U Hrvatskoj postoje tri originalne rase goveda: istarsko goveče, slavonsko-srijemski podolac i buša. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se proceni efikasna veličina populacije i opasnosti za originalne rase goveda, uzimajući u obzir da su nadležni organi Republike Hrvatske inicirali program njihove zaštite. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali izvesne pozitivne trendove koji su u najvećoj meri izraženi u populaciji istarskih goveda. Tokom poslednjih godina, određeni negativni trendovi u populaciji slavonsko-srijemskog podolca i buše su pretvoreni u blago pozitivne trendove