99 research outputs found
DDD-ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Π² Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π’Π°Π΄ΠΆΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½
Community-acquired pneumonia is one of the most common diseases and is still the leading cause of death among infectious diseases. Such drugs as Ξ²-lactam antibiotics, new macrolides (azithromycin, clarithromycin) and respiratory fluoroquinolones are of the greatest importance in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients worldwide.Aim. To analyze and assess the dynamics of consumption of fluoroquinolones for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in a multi-specialty hospital in the Republic of Tajikistan using the DDD-methodology.Materials and methods. A retrospective descriptive analysis of medical prescriptions for pharmacotherapy of patients treated in the Pulmonology department of the Sogdigh Regional Clinical Hospital (Khujand, Republic of Tajikistan) was performed. The consumption of fluoroquinolones was estimated according to the ATC/DDD index of the WHO. The unit of measurement used was the number of grams of the active substance with further calculation of the DDD/100 bed-days and % of the total DDD.Results and discussion. The DDD analysis of consumption of fluoroquinolones in the Pulmonology department of the multi-specialty hospital showed a significant change in the structure of consumption of this group of drugs for the initial antibiotic therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in the last five years. A clear tendency was observed to reduce the consumption of this class of drugs in 2011-2015. There is a significant reduction in the consumption of ofloxacin and levofloxacin against the background of a slight tendency to increase the demand for ciprofloxacin in the treatment of pneumonia in the inpatient drug treatment.Conclusions. Monitoring of the consumption of antimicrobial drugs from the fluoroquinolone group for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in the Pulmonology department of the multi-specialty hospital using the ATS/DDD-methodology makes it possible to assess the tactics of community-acquired pneumonia treatment in this region, its compliance with the international standards and the risks of developing the drug-resistant microflora, in particular to fluoroquinolones.ΠΠ½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅ΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π²Π·ΡΠΎΡΠ»ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ Ξ²-Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Β«Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅Β» ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄Ρ (Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΠΈΠ½) ΠΈ Β«ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΠ΅Β» ΡΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Ρ.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π²Β ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π’Π°Π΄ΠΆΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π½Π° Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ (Π³. Π₯ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ°Π½Π΄, ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π’Π°Π΄ΠΆΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½). ΠΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠ° ATC/DDD ΠΠΠΠ. Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ DDD/100 ΠΊΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΎ-Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ % ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ DDD.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. DDD-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π» ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΡ Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° Π·Π° 2011-2015 Π³Π³. ΠΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈ Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ° Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ Π² ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ.ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ· Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠ’Π‘/DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π²Π½Π΅Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΈ Π² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π΅, Π΅Π΅ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΡΡ, Π²Β ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌ.Β ΠΠΎΠ·Π°Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½ΡΠ½Π° ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Ρ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΡ Π·Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π· ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉΠ½Ρ Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΠΉΠ±ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π² Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Ρ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ² Ρ ΡΠ²ΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ Ξ²-Π»Π°ΠΊΡΠ°ΠΌΠ½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ, Β«Π½ΠΎΠ²ΡΒ» ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΄ΠΈ (Π°Π·ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠΈΠ½, ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΌΡΡΠΈΠ½) ΡΠ° Β«ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΡΒ» ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΠΈ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠ°: Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΠ° ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΊΠ° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Π² Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π’Π°Π΄ΠΆΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠ΄ΡΠΉΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ², ΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π΄ΡΠ·ΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ (ΠΌ. Π₯ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ°Π½Π΄, ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΡΠΊΠ° Π’Π°Π΄ΠΆΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½). ΠΡΡΠ½ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π·Π³ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π· ΡΠ½Π΄Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠΌ ATC/DDD ΠΠΠΠ. Π ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° DDD/100 Π»ΡΠΆΠΊΠΎ-Π΄Π½ΡΠ² ΡΠ° % Π²ΡΠ΄ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ DDD.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. DDD-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Ρ ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π² ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Ρ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΈ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Π·Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏβΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ². ΠΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ ΡΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ³ΡΠ² ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡ Π·Π° 2011-2015 ΡΡ. ΠΡΠ΄Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡΡ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ½Π΅ Π·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠ° Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ Π½Π° ΡΠ»Ρ Π½Π΅Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π±ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠ°Ρ
Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ.ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π· Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΈ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠ’Π‘/DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΠ½Π΅Π²ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡ Π² Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ, ΡΡ Π²ΡΠ΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΄Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΡΠΆΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΠ°ΠΌ Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΎ-ΡΡΡΠΉΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠΈ, Π·ΠΎΠΊΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π΄ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½ΡΠ²
Π€Π°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΠ΅ΠΏΡΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Ρ ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΡΠΊΠΈ Π’Π°Π΄ΠΆΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½
The uncontrolled and excessive use of antibiotics in infectious diseases significantly reduces the effectiveness of the drug therapy, increases the risk of adverse reactions, increases the cost of treatment and, most importantly, promotes the growth and spread of antibiotic resistance. Monitoring of the consumption of this group of drugs for systemic use is one of the most important methods used in the system of measures to improve prescribing practices of this group.Aim. To analyze the consumption of antimicrobial agents in the pulmonary department of the multi-specialty hospital using the DDD-methodology.Materials and methods. The retrospective descriptive analysis of prescribing pharmacotherapy for patients being treated in the pulmonary department of the Sughd regional clinical hospital (Khujand, Tajikistan) was performed. Using the ATC/DDD-methodology the consumption of antimicrobial agents was studied. As a unit of measurement the grams of the active substance was used with the subsequent calculation of the indicator of DDD/100 bed-days and the percentage of the total DDD.Results and discussion. The DDD-analysis of the consumption of antimicrobial drugs on the example of the pulmonary department of the multi-specialty hospital showed a significant change in the structure of the drug consumption in this group for the starting antibiotic therapy of respiratory tract infections over the past five years. A clear downward tendency was identified in the consumption of drugs of penicillin and macrolides with the transition to monotherapy with cephalosporins of the 3-rd generation (ceftriaxone) and partially fluoroquinolones.Conclusions. Monitoring of the consumption of antimicrobials in in-patient departments using the ATC/DDD-methodology allows to make strategic decisions concerning the tactics of antibiotic treatment of diseases according to the department specialization, as well as to determine the direction of administrative measures for further improvement of the range of antibacterial drugs introducing modern effective products into practice and optimizing the consumption of antibiotics in each specific department.ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ
Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΈΡΠΊ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΡ Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ΅Π»Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ°Π΅Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½ΠΎ, ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ· Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ. Π¦Π΅Π»ΡΡ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π±Π½ΡΡ
Π½Π°Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ², Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡ Π½Π° Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π΄ΠΈΠ³ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡ (Π³. Π₯ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ°Π½Π΄, Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π’Π°Π΄ΠΆΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½). Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ATC/DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ². Π ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠΎΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Ρ Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Ρ DDD/100 ΠΊΠΎΠΉΠΊΠΎ-Π΄Π½Π΅ΠΉ ΠΈ % ΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΉ DDD.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ DDD-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠΉ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΡΡ Π»Π΅Ρ. ΠΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΡΠ²Π½Π°Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΠ»Π»ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Π° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ 3 ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ (ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½) ΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ
ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΠ’Π‘/DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π΄ΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅Ρ, ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΠΈΡ
Π² Π΄Π°Π»ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π² ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² Π² ΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ.Β ΠΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π΅ Ρ Π½Π°Π΄ΠΌΡΡΠ½Π΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π½ΠΈΠΆΡΡ Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΡΡΡ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊ ΡΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡΠΊΡ Π½Π΅Π±Π°ΠΆΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ΅Π°ΠΊΡΡΠΉ, Π·Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΡΡ Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ, ΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΠΎ, ΡΠΏΡΠΈΡΡ Π·ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ. Π‘Π°ΠΌΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π· Π½Π°ΠΉΠ²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ², ΡΠΎ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π² ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ² ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΈ.ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΡ Ρ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Ρ ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ.ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΈ. ΠΠ΄ΡΠΉΡΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΉ ΠΎΠΏΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ· Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΠΌΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡΠ², ΡΠΊΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π±ΡΠ²Π°ΡΡΡ Π½Π° Π»ΡΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π² ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π‘ΠΎΠ³Π΄ΡΠ³ΡΡΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΊΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΡ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ½Ρ (ΠΌ. Π₯ΡΠ΄ΠΆΠ°Π½Π΄, Π Π΅ΡΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΡΠΊΠ° Π’Π°Π΄ΠΆΠΈΠΊΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½). ΠΠ° Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ ATC/DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠ²ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ². Π ΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΡ Π²ΠΈΠΌΡΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ²ΡΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡ Π³ΡΠ°ΠΌΡΠ² Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π· ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°Ρ
ΡΠ½ΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° DDD/100 Π»ΡΠΆΠΊΠΎ-Π΄Π½ΡΠ² Ρ % Π²ΡΠ΄ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ DDD.Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½Ρ DDD-Π°Π½Π°Π»ΡΠ·Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ»Π°Π΄Ρ ΠΏΡΠ»ΡΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ Π±Π°Π³Π°ΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠΎΡΠ½Ρ Π·ΠΌΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΡ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΈ Π»ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΡΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π·Π°ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠ² Π΄Π»Ρ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠΉ Π΄ΠΈΡ
Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ»ΡΡ
ΡΠ² Π·Π° ΠΎΡΡΠ°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏβΡΡΡ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠ². ΠΠΈΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ²Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½ΡΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ Π·Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΄ΡΠ² Π· ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Π½Π° ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ 3 ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½Π½Ρ (ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠΈΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΠ½) Ρ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠ²ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΡΡ
iΠ½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈ.ΠΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ½Π³ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΡΠΊΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Ρ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΡ Π· Π²ΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΠ’Π‘/DDD-ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΡΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΉΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎ ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΡΡ Π·Π°Ρ
Π²ΠΎΡΡΠ²Π°Π½Ρ Π·Π³ΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎ Π· ΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ, Π²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΏΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΊ Π°Π΄ΠΌΡΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ², ΡΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΡ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ Π°ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Π· Π²Π²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Ρ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ² Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΡΠ·ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ±ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ² Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ Π²ΡΠ΄Π΄ΡΠ»Π΅Π½Π½Ρ
Schistosomatidae from the trematode fauna of aquatic and semi-aquatic birds in Uzbekistan
The article discusses the infection of wetland birds in Uzbekistan with the trematodes Schistosomatidae Stiles et Hassall, 1898. The research covered 282 individuals from the main groups of birds represented by the orders Pelecaniformes, Ciconiformes, Anseriformes, Gruiformes, Podicipediformes and Charadriiformes. The Schistosomatidae fauna of Uzbekistan includes 13 species: Bilharziella polonica (Kowalewsky, 1895), Trichobilharzia ocellata (La Valette, 1854), T. filiformis (Szidat, 1938), T. kowalewskii (Ejsmont, 1929), T. tatianae (Spasskaja, 1953), Macrobilharzia macrobilharzia Trawassos, 1923, Ornithobilharzia canaliculata (Rudolphi, 1819), O. baeri Fain, 1955, Dendritobilharzia pulverulenta (Braun, 1901), D. loossi Skrjabin, 1924, D. anatinarum Cheatum, 1941, Gigantobilharzia acotylea Odhner, 1910 and Gigantobilharziella monocotylea (Szidat, 1930). Predominant are representatives of the genera Trichobilharzia and Dendritobilharzia. The species composition of Schistosomatidae is most diverse in birds from the lower reaches of the Amu Darya, where a high rate of infection with larvae of some of these trematodes was also recorded in aquatic molluscs. 11 species of molluscs were registered in the studied regions: Galba truncatula (Muller, 1774), Stagnicola corvus (Gmelin, 1791), Radix auricularia (Linnaeus, 1758), Lymnaea stagnalis (Linnaeus, 1758), Physa fontinalis (Linnaeus, 1758), Physella acuta (Draparnaud, 1805), Planorbis planorbis (Linnaeus, 1758), P. tangitarensis Germain, 1918, Anisus spirorbis (Linnaeus, 1758), Gyraulus albus (Muller, 1774), Melanoides kainarensis Starobogatov et Izzatullaev, 1980, from the families Lymnaeidae (4 species), Planorbidae (4 species), Physidae (2 species) and Thiaridae (1 species). They are identified as intermediate hosts of Schistosomatidae and were infected with 7 species of flukes. The total rate of infection with larval stages of Schistosomatidae in molluscs was about 2.0%. The highest infection rate was observed in Melanoides kainarensis β 5.3%. Morpho-biological indicators for mature forms of B. polonica from different bird species (Anas platyrhynchos and Oxyura leucocephala) were confirmed by molecular genetic studies. The study identified foci of birdsβ infection with Schistosomatidae and the occurrence of human cercarial dermatitis
Innovative Approaches to the Organization of Professional Training of Specialists on Social Work
Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ± ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅. ΠΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ Π½Π°ΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ². Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ Π½Π΅ΠΎΠ±Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΌΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ Π·Π½Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ΅. Π Π°ΡΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠ½Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ.The article provides information about the basics of professional training of specialists in the social sphere. The organization of research, project and volunteer activities of students has been studied. The article presents the necessary requirements for the knowledge and skills of a social work specialist. The experience of social partnership and practical training is revealed
Clinic-immunological aspects of chronic acquired toxoplasmosis in women of reproductive age
Toxoplasmosis is a widespread opportunistic parasitosis. The frequency of Toxoplasma invasion in women with a history of complications is 54.8 + 2.8%, and in women with normal pregnancies - 27.3 + 3.6%. Clinically manifest form of chronic acquired toxoplasmosis was detected by immuno-statistical method in 24 women. The most frequent symptoms of intoxication in these women were weakness, fatigue, headaches, and pain in muscles and joints. In one third of women with chronic acquired toxoplasmosis, there was an increase in the lymph nodes, usually the occipital, cervical, submandibular. Of the gynecological pathology, the most frequently examined women had an inflammation of the uterus appendages (45.8%), and a spontaneous miscarriage was often noted in history. The immunogram of patients with chronic acquired toxoplasmosis was characterized by a decrease in absolute and relative number of T-lymphocytes - CD3 (541.3 + 42.4 and 32.2 + 9.9%), an increase in the number of NK-cells.Π’ΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ· ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΠΏΠΏΠΎΡΡΡΠ½ΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΌ. Π§Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΈΠ½Π²Π°Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ ΠΎΡΡΠ³ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ 54,8+2,8%, Π° Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊΠ°Π²ΡΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΠΌΠΈ - 27,3+3,6%. ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ° Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π° Π²ΡΡΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π° ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ Ρ 24 ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½. ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Π²ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΡΠ»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΡΡ, ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ, Π³ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π² ΠΌΡΡΡΠ°Ρ
ΠΈ ΡΡΡΡΠ°Π²Π°Ρ
. Π£ 1/3 ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ Ρ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ·Π»ΠΎΠ², ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΡΠ΅ΠΉΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠ· Π³ΠΈΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ½ - Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡΠΊΠΎΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ (45,8%), Π² Π°Π½Π°ΠΌΠ½Π΅Π·Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠΈΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΄ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΠΌ ΡΠΎΠΊΡΠΎΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π»Π°ΡΡ ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π±ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΈΡΠ»Π° Π’- Π»ΠΈΠΌΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ² - Π‘ΠΠ (541,3+42,4 ΠΈ 32,2+9,9%), ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° NK- ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ
Ecological and faunal characteristics of helminths of wetland birds in North-Western Uzbekistan
The article studies some faunistic features of helminths of wetland birds in the ecological crisis zone in North-Western Uzbekistan. Parasites of wetland birds collected in the basin of the lower reaches of the Amu Darya during the hunting seasons of 2018β2022 were used as material for this work. 500 individuals of birds representing 39 species from 24 genera, 13 families and 9 orders were examined using the parasitological dissection method. The article discusses the distribution and ecology of the helminths in the studied groups of birds. A total of 112 helminth species were identified in the region β 28 species belong to the class Cestoda, the class Trematoda is represented by 57 species, Nematoda β 23 and Acanthocephala β 4 species. 92 species of heminths were identified in the study area for the first time. The work provides original data on the structure of the helminth fauna from 9 orders of wetland birds. Various paths of helminth transmission in the circulation of infection were specified. The researchers identified four ways parasites use to enter their definitive host: helminths penetrate the hostβs body when the latter eats other organisms, intermediate or reservoir hosts of helminths, which are part of the definitiveβs hostβs diet; helminths enter the host as mechanical impurity to food or water; they make active efforts to penetrate their host; helminths are transmitted by the intermediate host when the latter forages on the definitive host. Most of intermediate hosts for representatives of the class Cestoda were crustaceans β inhabitants of different types of water bodies; Oligochaeta are also included here as second or reservoir hosts. The development of trematodes occurs with the participation of aquatic molluscs acting as the first intermediate host. Various species of insects, fish, amphibians, reptiles and small mammals were identified as the second hosts. Nematoda use a wider range of intermediate hosts (Oligochaeta, crustaceans, insects β aquatic and terrestrial). Fish and amphibians were registered as the second and reservoir hosts of nematodes. The food chains of individual orders of wetland birds largely determine the composition of helminths parasitising them and are the main factor in the formation of their helminth fauna. These processes undoubtedly occur in time and space under the strict control of environmental factors
Age-related and Gender Aspects of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the Republic of Dagestan
Aim: Creation of a patient registry in the Republic of Dagestan to study various aspects of the course and outcomes of IBD, depending on the age and gender of patients.Materials and methods. We have created a register of IBD patients in the Republic of Dagestan. It included 168 IBD patients aged 17 to 70 years, 69 males and 99 females, the average age of patients with IBD was 38.1 Β± 2.5 years with an average duration of illness of 6.19 Β± 0.71 years. The diagnosis of IBD was established on the basis of the characteristic clinical picture of the disease, objective status, results of laboratory, endoscopic, X-ray and morphological research in accordance with Russian Clinical GuidelinesResults. The prevalence of IBD in the Republic of Dagestan is 5.41 cases per 100,000 population. The progression of IBD is more often observed in women, aged 30 to 39 years, residents of rural areas. Anemia (mainly chronic iron deficiency) was registered in 66.1 %, more often in women, its maximum frequency was noted in patients aged 20β29 years (80 %). Disability due to IBD was registered in 55.4 % of patients.Conclusions. The creation of a register of IBD patients in the Republic of Dagestan is aimed at monitoring the state of health, timely monitoring of the effectiveness of therapy and improving the quality of medical care
First experience of using two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography to assess the association of left atrial strain with atrial fibrillation after coronary artery bypass grafting
Aim. To assess left atrial (LA) strain parameters in candidates for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and to evaluate their possible relationship with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) after isolated CABG.MaterialΒ andΒ methods. The study Included 70 patients without prior AF (mean age, 65Β±8 years; men, 80%). Preoperative speckle-tracking echocardiography with an assessment of LA strain was performed. Two following groups were considered: without postoperative AF (POAF) (n=50), with postoperative POAF (n=20). After surgery, daily electrocardiography (ECG), 3-day postoperative continuous ECG monitoring, Holter ECG monitoring on the 4th-5th day after CABG. The median follow-up was 9 (7; 11) days.Results. Postoperative AF developed in 20/70 (29%) patients. Clinical, demographic and intraoperative parameters of CABG in the groups without and with POAF were comparable. Echocardiographic parameters in the studied groups were also equivalent; LA volume (57,0Β±8,7 vs 60,0Β±12,1, respectively), LA size (3,9Β±0,3 vs 3,9Β±0,2, respectively). Strain analysis showed its significant decrease in the group with POAF compared to the group without POAF: peak atrial longitudinal strain (PALS) (20,4Β±3,1 vs 27,8Β±3,0, respectively), ALS early (8,50Β±1,5 vs 11,8Β±1,7, respectively), ALS late (-0,2Β±0,7 vs -1,0Β±1,0). ROC analysis established the predictive value of PALS as follows: a value of β€23,0% with a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 78% was a predictor of postoperative AF.Conclusion. Conventional echocardiographic predictors (LA size and volume) indicating a high risk of POAF cannot correctly assess the risk of newly diagnosed postoperative arrhythmia. AF after CABG is probably associated with the existing subclinical LA dysfunction as a result of structural abnormalities due to coronary artery disease. Our study showed that a decrease in LA strain parameters is associated with POAF. Further studies are needed to evaluate the contribution of speckle-tracking echocardiography to prediction of POAF
The prevalence of excess body mass and obesity in children living in the KHANTY-MANSI autonomous okrug
This article discusses current issues of overweight and obesity in children living in the North. The prevalence of obesity among girls and boys of different age groups is estimatedΠ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΈΠ·Π±ΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅Π»Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΉ, ΠΏΡΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡΠΈΡ
Π½Π° Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ΅. ΠΠ°Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΡΠΎΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈ Π΄Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π½ΡΡ
Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏ
Changes in antioxidant system as a forecasting factor for the development of dysydroms in newborns
The article considers the determination of the activity of antioxidant enzymes in mono- and dysindroms, as well as the study of the possibilities of using indicators characterizing the progression of dysindroms against the background of regurgitation syndrome in newborns.Π ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π°Π½ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎ- ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°Ρ
, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΡΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ² Π½Π° ΡΠΎΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌΠ° ΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΆΠ΄Π΅Π½Π½ΡΡ
- β¦