Critical Care Nurses’ Knowledge and Practice Regarding Administration of Total Parenteral Nutrition at Critical Care Areas in Egypt

Background: Critical care nurses are responsible for administering total parenteral nutrition that affects on critically ill patient general condition. Nurses must know proper constituents  of each solution and should be expert in calculating the dose of medication to prevent errors. Each nurse should be aware of indications, action, contraindications, adverse reactions  and  interactions of  each parenteral solution.  Moreover, nurses monitor  patients for  any negative signs of a change in condition, administer medication, and develop a plan of action for patients care. Aim of the study: to assess critical care nurses ' knowledge and practices regarding total parenteral nutrition. Research Design: A descriptive exploratory design was utilized in this study. Research questions: the following two research questions were formulated ;a)what the nurses know about the administration of total parenteral nutrition?, b) what are the practices the nurses perform while administering the total  parentral nutrition. Setting: The study was carried out at different Critical Care units at Menofiya and Benha University Hospitals, in Egypt. Sample: A sample of convenience of 80 nurses from different critical care units with a minimum one year of experience were included in the present study. Tools of data collection: Two tools were used to collect data; the first tool has two parts ;part one is background data sheet that included gender, age, years of experience, educational level and area of work. part two was total parenteral nutrition knowledge questionnaire that was designed by researcher to assess knowledge regarding indication, contraindication,   and nursing measures  towards total parenteral nutrition. The second tool was  total parenteral nutrition observational checklist that was designed to assess nurses practices while administering. Results:The current study findings revealed that critical care nurses have got low knowledge and practice scores with  significant correlations between years of experience and their level of knowledge and practice regarding total parenteral nutrition. Conclusion: it can be concluded that critical care nurses have inadequate knowledge and practice regarding total parenteral nutrition. Recommendations: Carrying out educational programs about nursing management of total parenteral nutrition complications and training on total parenteral nutrition administration. Key words: Critical Care Nurses ' knowledge , Nurses practice, Total parenteral nutrition

Microstructure characterization of sustainable light weight concrete using trapped air additions.

Light-weight aggregate and trapped air additions (TAD) affect concrete performance and lead to the production of light-weight concrete (LWC). In this research, fourteen mixes were designed to study the effects of TAD type and content and pozzolanic material (PZ) type on the microstructure characterization of concrete. Aluminum powder (AP) and lightcrete (LC) were used as TAD with content equal to (0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.57%). The PZ included silica fume (SF) and fly ash (FA) with a content equal to 10% of the weight of cement. Tests were performed for compressive strength, density, SEM, EDS, XRD, and TGA/DTG. The results show that compressive strength and density are reduced as TAD ratios are increased

Effects of thyroxine treatment during lactation on the testicular function of rats across different ages

Thyroid hormones are involved in the development of several tissues and organs and are essential for the normal growth and reproductive function. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of thyroid hormones on the development of testis and progression of spermatogenesis. Lactating mothers were treated with oral thyroxine (T4; 20 μg/100 g) for 20 days after parturition. The pups were decapitated at the age of 20, 40 and 60 days post partum. Neonatal hyperthyroidism resulted in a decrease in body and testis mass, an increase of free thyroxine and a decrease of testosterone concentrations in plasma of treated rats. The treatment was associated with a significant decrease of the diameter of seminiferous tubules and a slowdown in spermatogenesis, following a delay in the maturation of germ cells. We conclude that thyroid hormones affect the progression of postnatal spermatogenesis

A reduced τ-adic Naf (RTNAF) representation for an efficient scalar multiplication on Anomalous Binary Curves (ABC)

Elliptic curve cryptosystems (ECC) provides better security for each bit key utilized compared to the RSA cryptosystem. For this reason, it is projected to have more practical usage than the RSA. In ECC, scalar multiplication (or point multiplication) is the dominant operation, namely, computing nP from a point P on an elliptic curve, where n is an integer defined as the point resulting from adding P + P + ... + P , n times. However, for practical uses, it is very important to improve the efficiency of the scalar multiplication. Solinas (1997) proposes that the τ-adic Non-Adjacent Form (τ-NAF) is one of the most efficient algorithms used to compute scalar multiplications on Anomalous Binary curves. In this paper, we give a new property (i.e., Theorem 1.2) of τ-NAF(n) representation for every length, l. This is useful for evaluating the maximum and minimum norms occurring among all length-l elements of Z(τ). We also propose a new cryptographic method by using randomization of a multiplier n to ñ an element of Z(τ). It is based on τ-NAF. We focused on estimating the length of RTNAF(ñ) expansion by using a new method

Pseudo τ - adic non adjacent form for scalar multiplication on Koblitz curves

In ECC, scalar multiplication is the dominant operation, namely computing nP from a point P on an elliptic curve where the multiplier n is an integer, defined as the point resulting from adding P+P+⋯+P, n times. The τ-NAF proposed by Solinas, is one of the most efficient algorithms to compute scalar multiplications on Koblitz curves. In this paper, we introduced an equivalent multiplier to τ-NAF namely pseudo TNAF. It is based on the idea of transforming the τ-NAF expression to a reduced τ-NAF that has been done by some researchers. It can eliminate the elliptic doublings in scalar multiplication method, and double the number of elliptic additions. We provide the formula for obtaining a total of lattice points in Voronoi region of modulo r+st where r+sτ an element of ring Z(τ). This helps us to find all the multipliers n that based on τ-NAF. We also discuss the estimation of operational costs when using pseudo TNAF as a multiplier of scalar multiplication

Dispositif innovant de frein automobile par le volant, intégré à un système de direction de type Steer-by-Wire (dédié aux personnes paraplégiques)

La réflexion portée par cette thèse vise l amélioration de l accès à la conduite automobile aux personnes paraplégiques. Il s agit de développer une solution innovante pour l assistance à la conduite automobile, en employant la technologie X-by-Wire. Une expertise a été réalisée afin d évaluer l existant dans ce domaine et identifier le manquant. A l issue de cette étape cruciale, un nouveau concept de frein par action sur le volant, couplé à un système de direction filo-commandé Steer-by-Wire a été proposé. Nous avons pu mettre en évidence les avantages apportés en matière de sécurité et d ergonomie, en étalant l utilisation même aux conducteurs valides. La partie dominante de cette thèse a été orientée vers une étude théorique approfondie, touchant à la modélisation, simulation et validation de quelques processus dynamiques, qui interviennent dans le fonctionnement du concept proposé. Dans ce contexte, un modèle dynamique du buste en situation de conduite a été établi et validé expérimentalement. L influence du mouvement de tangage du véhicule a été également abordée. Un modèle dynamique d un système de direction Steer-by-Wire a été proposé et expérimenté pour reproduire un retour haptique au volant assez réaliste. Afin de concrétiser l idée, un démonstrateur a été fabriqué, doté de deux servomoteurs pour la création et la gestion des retours d efforts freinage et volant. La solution mécanique retenue, nous a permis d intégrer une assistance active au freinage d urgence. Enfin, un banc d essai avec acquisition de données sur PC en temps réel a été réalisé avec le démonstrateur. Des résultats théoriques et expérimentaux concluants et prometteurs ont été dévoilésReflection carried by this thesis aims to improve access to automotive driving for paraplegics people. That consists to develop an innovative solution for driving assistance by using X-by-Wire technology. Expertise has been achieved beforehand in order to evaluate the existing devices in this field and explore new open ways. After this crucial step, a new concept of braking handwheel coupled to a steering-by-wire system was proposed. We showed the relevant advantages provided by the proposed device in the safety and ergonomics domains, by spreading its use also to the valid drivers. The main axis of this thesis was dedicated to a detailed theoretical study, involving modeling, simulation and validation of some dynamic processes, influencing operation of the proposed concept. In this context, a dynamic model of the driver's bust in driving situation has been established and validated experimentally. The influence of the pitching movement of the vehicle was also discussed. A dynamic model for a steering-by-wire system was developed and tested to reproduce a realistic handwheel feedback. In order to concretize our idea, a demonstrator has been designed and created, by using two DC engines to provide and manage feedbacks of braking and steering on handwheel. The chosen mechanical solution allowed us to integrate an active assistance in emergency braking. Finally, experiments were realized with prototype by using data acquisition on PC in real time. Interesting and promising theoretical and experimental results were exposed.EVRY-Bib. électronique (912289901) / SudocSudocFranceF