Non-symmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer wavelength filter

A non-symmetrical Mach-Zehnder configuration with corrugated waveguide at one of its arm which acts as an interferometer is presented. The interference output intensity of the input light power depends on the operating wavelength, hence acting as a wavelength filter. The function of this wavelength filter is demonstrated by beam propagation method within range from 1000nm to 1800nm

Optical waveguide coupler fabrication based on time variation ion-exchange technique

Optical power transfer in a planar waveguide directional coupler is dependent on the geometry and refractive indices of the two waveguides. A method for fabricating optical directional couplers using ion-exchange Ag+/K+/Ca+ processes are presented, where the time of ion-exchange process is used to control the ratio of output power at the two output ports at a fixed temperature of 300 C. As far as the device geometry is still in single-mode regime, this method eliminates the need for high-resolution lithography for producing exact geometry of the device

Wet etching of GgAs for lateral PIN photodiode

Photodiode play important roles in optical communication systems nowadays. In this field, fiber optic cable is used as an information signal transmission medium between the light sources, sensors and photodiode. Many materials can provided to make the photodiode substrate in order to produce the detector to be used in application that require higher bandwidth and long distance transmission. Therefore, the optical receiver for long-distance telecommunication has primarily been implemented in III-V materials like GaAs or InGaAs in order to achieve the highest possible performance

Protection mechanism and deployment cost analysis for Ethernet PON FTTH access network

In this paper, a new protection method for access network is proposed where redundant equipments are not required and protection is provided to end user through sharing of available timeslots during the failure time

CWDM Network Design 8 channel using Hybrid Amplifier SOA-EDFA

In this experiment we propose and demonstrate a CWDM transmission system using hybrid amplifiers SOA-EDFA. A new hybrid two-stage in the system of optical fiber amplifier for coarse wavelength division multiplexing (CWDM) network is studied. The hybrid amplifier is a cascaded semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) and erbium- doped fiber amplifiers (EDFA) which provide a nearly flat gain over 80 nm. The hybrid amplifier has been modeled using a OptiSystem version 9 by Optiwave modeling tool on a CWDM transmission system which consisting of two spans of 100 km

Free Carrier Absorption Loss of p-i-n Silicon-On-Insulator (SOl) Phase Modulator

Silicon high-speed waveguide-integrated electro-optic modulator is one of the critical devices for on-chip optical networks. The device converts data from electrical domain to the optical domain. Most studies for high speed modulation method in Si or Si based device are based on free carrier concentration variations (injection or depletion of free carriers) which are responsible for local refractive index variations and then phase modulation of a guided wave traveling through the active region. A change in the refractive index/absorption can be achieved by injection or depletion of both electron and holes into the intrinsic region of a silicon p-i-n diode. The paper reports on the free carrier absorption (FCA) loss associated with p-i-n silicon-oninsulator (SOl) phase modulator at J... = 1.55 Ilm. The analyses include the effect of various doping concentration and injected free carrier concentration on the FCA. The simulations are realized utilizing the 2-D semiconductor simulation package SIL V ACO

Optimum Efficiency Analysis of Ecofriendly WDM-POF Optical Coupler

This chapter was presented to promote the development of Wavelength Division Multiplexing, WDM networking system based on Polymer Optical Fiber (POF). 1 × 3 POF coupler has been fully utilized to couple the WDM optical signals. An optimum efficiency analysis and mathematical modeling has been conducted to produce an effective device to be integrated into WDM-POF system. But despite its high speed data transmission feature, optical fiber technology remains an expensive option in optical network, although the installation costs associated with fiber through the transmission network can be minimized through the fabrication of 1 × 3 POF coupler. The objective of this chapter is identifying the differences in factors affecting the output power of the POF 1 × 3 coupling. It is then able to develop an efficient WDM-POF network system with high output power at a minimal cost. Several measurements using a power meter record performance and analysis device losses and power outputs. The demultiplexer efficiency is approximately 70%. Demultiplexer fabrication is easy with color and epoxy filters, although for some parts it requires careful attention. The output shows that Ecofriendly WDM-POF Optical Coupler can be used as one of the low-cost media for home networking and automotive applications

Effects of the power differences in the AND-subtraction detection technique in SAC-OCDMA system performance

This project concentrates on the effects detection technique to the system performance of spectral amplitude coding optical code division multiple access (SAC-OCDMA). The system employed the encoder and decoder modules based on the fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) to generate the unique code sequences for the users. These modules are basically designed for the modified double weight (MDW) code which allows higher code weight w in the even number which is greater than two. The study is mainly focusing on the effects of the power differences between the upper and lower branches of the AND-subtraction technique used as the detection technique to the system performance. The results show that the system will achieve the best system performance when the power difference between the upper and lower branches is approximately 5dB

Development of silicon planar P-I-N photodiode

Optical receivers are used to detect optical power and to extract the information that is being transmitted. The incident optical power is detected by a photo detector, usually a PIN or avalanche photodiode (APD). A PIN or APD is an amplitude modulation envelope photo detector, insensitive to phase or small changes in wavelength. It generates an electrical output that reproduces the envelope of the received optical signal (Li, 2000). The most widely deployed photodiode for all lightwave applications is the PIN photodiode where its performance and characteristics are well understood and documented (Campbell, 1995)