EuropeanaTravel

EuropeanaTravel is an EU-funded initiative to digitise cultural heritage treasures on the themes of travel, tourism, trade routes and exploration from Europe’s national and leading research libraries

DEAN: A program for dynamic engine analysis

The Dynamic Engine Analysis program, DEAN, is a FORTRAN code implemented on the IBM/370 mainframe at NASA Lewis Research Center for digital simulation of turbofan engine dynamics. DEAN is an interactive program which allows the user to simulate engine subsystems as well as a full engine systems with relative ease. The nonlinear first order ordinary differential equations which define the engine model may be solved by one of four integration schemes, a second order Runge-Kutta, a fourth order Runge-Kutta, an Adams Predictor-Corrector, or Gear's method for still systems. The numerical data generated by the model equations are displayed at specified intervals between which the user may choose to modify various parameters affecting the model equations and transient execution. Following the transient run, versatile graphics capabilities allow close examination of the data. DEAN's modeling procedure and capabilities are demonstrated by generating a model of simple compressor rig

Putting it All Together: Agreement, Incorporation, Coordination and External Possession in Wubuy (Australia)

In this paper we examine the interaction of a number of grammatical phenomena in Wubuy, a polysynthetic language from northern Australia, and show how they can be given a comprehensive analysis within the framework of LFG. While each of these phenomena ? noun incorporation, verbal agreement, coordination and external possession ? has received various treatments within the LFG literature, no one study has addressed the compatibility of these analyses under interaction, despite the fact that they frequently co-occur in the world?s languages. We use data from Wubuy to showcase the effects of this interaction, and investigate the implications for LFG and for LFG analyses of polysynthetic languages more generally

Electronic doctoral theses in the UK: a sector-wide survey into policies, practice and barriers to Open Access

Sharing knowledge and research outputs is critical to the progress of science and human development, and a central tenet of academia. The Internet itself is a product of the academic community, and opening access to that community’s most important body of research, doctoral theses, is both a logical and an inevitable development. Progress toward open access to electronic theses has been slow in the UK. Much has been written on the perceived barriers and practical/infrastructural considerations that might explain this, but a comprehensive picture of that progress, and obstacles to it, was lacking. In 2010, a survey of policy and practice in UK HEIs was conducted by UCL (University College London) Library Services (commissioned by the Joint Information Systems Committee, JISC) to address this very issue. Incorporating inputs from 144 institutions currently awarding doctoral degrees, the work provides the first clear and detailed picture of the status of open access to doctoral research in the UK. The mission of the UK Council for Graduate Education (UKCGE) is to promote and support the interests of graduate education, and this it does through dissemination of best practice and intelligence on emergent trends; helping to shape policy and practice for the benefit of the UK HEI sector. This report contributes to that mission by bringing to the membership’s attention the results of this important work by UCL Library Services; a collaboration between UKCGE and the authors of the original work, it sets out the policies and practices that emerged from the survey and also considers what has been learned about the perceived barriers to the implementation of open access to electronic theses. The 2010 survey has enabled, for the first time, a differentiation to be made between barriers that are “real” and those which are unfounded and/or yet to be properly validated. At the same time, the work highlights the progress made in certain critical areas, as well as those that require our greater attention. A positive picture emerges for the UK on the adoption of the electronic thesis, with the majority of HEIs surveyed expected to be providing open access to their theses in five years’ time. A more detailed picture also emerges regarding the primary reasons for requests to restrict access to theses, some of which, notably, apply only to electronic (not print) theses. This has necessarily given rise to new policy developments. There is positive evidence also of collaboration among HEIs to provide an efficient and robust service for accessing electronic theses; pooling their resources and expertise either in the development of their institutional repositories or in operating a joint service. The key driver of open access to electronic theses is the opportunity for UK HEIs to “showcase” their research outputs to the widest possible audience and enhance their impact. There are no reliable means as yet to measure this impact, but there are encouraging early indications that electronic doctoral theses attract significant attention when made openly accessible. Open access to electronic theses may therefore indeed accelerate the sharing of knowledge and the progress of scientific discovery and human development

Community-based therapeutic care: treating severe acute malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa

Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) affects approximately 13 million children under-five and is associated with over 1.5 million preventable child deaths each year. Case fatality rates in hospitals treating SAM remain at 20-30%, and coverage of those affected remains low. Training and support to improve centre-based management can reduce case fatality rates. However, an exclusive inpatient approach does not consider the many barriers to accessing treatment that exist for poor people in the developing world. Community-based therapeutic care (CTC) is a new approach for the management of SAM that uses Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods (RUTF) and triage to refer cases without complications to outpatient care and those with complications to inpatient treatment. This thesis aims to test the hypotheses that a CTC strategy can treat children with SAM effectively and can achieve better population treatment coverage than a centre-based approach. Five studies, using primary data, are presented. The first 3 studies evaluate the clinical effectiveness of CTC through examination of individual outcome data from research programmes in Ethiopia and Malawi. The fourth study examines the coverage of a CTC programme for SAM in Malawi and compares this with coverage of a centre- based programme. The final study is a multi-country evaluation of 17 CTC programmes implemented across Africa. Results from all studies that use the CTC treatment model show that outcomes can meet the international Sphere standard indicators of 50% coverage. Coverage of a CTC programme in Malawi was three times that of a centre-based programme in the same region (73.64% (95% C.I. 66.0%, 81.3%) vs. 24.5% (95% C.I. 17.8%, 31.4%). A number of factors were vital to achieving low mortality and high coverage in these programmes. These included decentralisation of outpatient treatment services and community mobilisation techniques to encourage early presentation, and the use of appropriate triage criteria, to identify children suffering from SAM with no complications that could be treated safely as outpatients. The use of triage did not appear to increase mortality (OR 0.51 95% CI 0.28, 0.94). This thesis suggests that CTC does not increase case fatality rates associated with SAM and could reduce them, and that it could increase the number of children receiving treatment

Survey of research libraries on aggregation of digital content

This document reports the results of a survey of Europe’s research libraries concerning their opportunities for and attitudes to digital content aggregation, specifically by aggregation services capable of feeding Europeana. The survey was carried out as Task 3.4 of the EuropeanaTravel project. The survey was prepared with input from Europeana, LIBER and the EuropeanaTravel management team. The intentions were to provide a snapshot of aggregation attitudes and activity across Europe, to inform the strategies of both LIBER and Europeana, and to help to inform the long-term development path for the LIBER aggregator which is being developed as part of EuropeanaTravel

QUARTERLY PREDICTION MODELS FOR LIVE HOG PRICES

Demand and Price Analysis,

Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of the growth of polymer crystals

Based upon kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of crystallization in a simple polymer model we present a new picture of the mechanism by which the thickness of lamellar polymer crystals is constrained to a value close to the minimum thermodynamically stable thickness, l_{min}. The free energetic costs of the polymer extending beyond the edges of the previous crystalline layer and of a stem being shorter than l_{min} provide upper and lower constraints on the length of stems in a new layer. Their combined effect is to cause the crystal thickness to converge dynamically to a value close to l_{min} where growth with constant thickness then occurs. This description contrasts with those given by the two dominant theoretical approaches. However, at small supercoolings the rounding of the crystal profile does inhibit growth as suggested in Sadler and Gilmer's entropic barrier model.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figures, revte

Mental Health of Children and Young People in England, 2017: Trends and characteristics

This survey series provides England’s best source of data on trends in child mental health. Emotional, behavioural, hyperactivity, and other types of mental disorder were assessed in 5 to 15 year olds in 1999, 5 to 16 year olds in 2004, and 5 to 19 year olds in 2017. One in eight (12.8%) 5 to 19 year olds had a mental disorder when assessed in 2017. Rates were similar in boys and girls. Data for 5 to 15 year olds show a slight upward trend over time in the prevalence of emotional disorders.Rates for behavioural, hyperactivity and other disorders have remained broadly stable

Effects of network topology on the OpenAnswer’s Bayesian model of peer assessment

The paper investigates if and how the topology of the peer assessment network can affect the performance of the Bayesian model adopted in Ope nAnswer. Performance is evaluated in terms of the comparison of predicted grades with actual teacher’s grades. The global network is built by interconnecting smaller subnetworks, one for each student, where intra subnetwork nodes represent student's characteristics, and peer assessment assignments make up inter subnetwork connections and determine evidence propagation. A possible subset of teacher graded answers is dynamically determined by suitable selec tion and stop rules. The research questions addressed are: RQ1) “does the topology (diameter) of the network negatively influence the precision of predicted grades?”̀ in the affirmative case, RQ2) “are we able to reduce the negative effects of high diameter networks through an appropriate choice of the subset of students to be corrected by the teacher?” We show that RQ1) OpenAnswer is less effective on higher diameter topologies, RQ2) this can be avoided if the subset of corrected students is chosen considering the network topology