Fibrous Dysplasia of the Orbit in a 5-Year-Old Girl

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to describe a case oforbital fibrous dysplasia in a very young child.Case report: A 5-year-old girl presented with unilateral, painless,slowly progressive proptosis of the left eye and inferotemporalglobe displacement from about 1 year ago. The visual acuity inboth eyes was 20/20. The general physical examination was normal.Computed tomography (CT scan) revealed thickening and deformityof the orbital walls. Lateral orbitotomy and biopsy were performedand were compatible with fibrous dysplasia.Conclusion:   Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia usually occurs in thesecond decade of life, but it can also rarely present in the earlyyears of life. Therefore, fibrous dysplasia should be considered asa differential diagnosis of proptosis or globe displacement in theearly years of life.Keywords: Fibrous; Dysplasia; Orbit; Child; Iran

液状化を考慮した有限変形理論に基づく地震時の河川堤防の動的解析

京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(工学)甲第18241号工博第3833号新制||工||1587(附属図書館)31099京都大学大学院工学研究科社会基盤工学専攻(主査)教授 木村 亮, 教授 三村 衛, 准教授 木元 小百合学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering)Kyoto UniversityDFA

Assessment of practical skill in measuring blood pressure in undergraduate nursing students

Background: Blood pressure is an important vital sign that reflects systemic and focal changes. Planning of treating most of the disease is based on the values obtained from this measurement. Regarding this, Knowledge about Blood pressure measurement procedure is important. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the practical skill in measuring of blood pressure in undergraduate nursing students. Methods: This is an analytic-descriptive study of 350 first years to fourth year undergraduate nursing students who had studied in educational year 2012-2013 of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and samplized by census methods. Data collection was done through investigator-made questionnaire. The data was analyzed by using SPSS software (V: 21), using descriptive and analytical Statistics; at the significant level P<0.05. Findings: Findings showed the overall mean score of the students's knowledge in Blood pressure measurement was13/77±2/86. First year students's level of knowledge in Blood pressure measurement was higher than the other years, however the differences wasn's t statistically significant (P=0/93). Conclusion: These findings indicate that knowledge of participants was inadequate to perform blood pressure measurement in a standardized manner; therefore it is vital to have frequent, regular and up-to-date training for nurses in order to follow the new rules for measuring blood pressure. Key Words: Blood pressure, skill, measurement technique, nursing student

Comparison of cognitive behavioral group therapy and acceptance and commitment group therapy on quality of life of breast cancer women

Background: Breast cancer diagnosis always causes a great deal of stress and result in significant changes in the patient’s routine life which is apart from physical injuries, can lead to losing social roles and increased risk of mental disorders which can negatively effects their quality of life.Objective: The present study aimed at comparing the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral group therapy and acceptance and commitment group therapy on quality of life of breast cancer women.Methods: This is a quasi-experimental pre-test, post-test and follow-up with control group design. Thirty women suffering from breast cancer randomly and equally assigned in to two interventions and a control groups. The treatments consisted of eight weekly acceptance and commitment group therapy and also eight weekly cognitive-behavioral group therapy sessions and follow-up evaluations were carried out two months later. The QLQ-C30, QLQ-BR23 questionnaires were applied in this study.Results: Comparing with cognitive-behavioral group therapy, significant enhancement was indicated in total and all scales of QlQ-C30 and QlQ-BR23 scores in acceptance and commitment group therapy’s post-test and the results were also preserved at follow-up test.Conclusions: It is suggested by the findings of this research that acceptance and commitment program appears to be more efficient and feasible therapeutic intervention than cognitive-behavioral therapy for improving quality of life of women suffering from breast cancer

The Relationship Between Ankle-Brachial Index and Number of Involved Coronaries in Patients with Stable Angina

<p class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Atherosclerosis is the commonest cause of vascular disease which can involve peripheral and/or cardiac vessels. This study was conducted to evaluate the possible link between Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) and coronary vessel involvement in patients with stable angina.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; METHODS:</strong><strong> </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2008 on 120 individuals who were hospitalized in Chamran Heart Center and underwent coronary angiography. A questionnaire was completed to obtain demographic information, history of previous heart disease and smoking. Body height and weight, as blood pressure on hand and foot were measured. The patients underwent angiography and the extent of coronary involvement (&gt; 75%) was determined. After12-14-hour of fasting, blood sugar was obtained to measure total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The Ankle Brachial Pressure Index (ABI) was calculated as the ratio of the blood pressure in the ankles to the blood pressure in the arms. The data were analyzed by SPSS-15 using ANOVA, T-Student test, Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, and discriminant analysis.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; RESULTS:</strong> Samples were 46 women (38.33%) and 74 men (61.67%) with a mean age of <br /> 55.50 &plusmn; 10.49. Mean and SD of ABI in men and women was 0.72 &plusmn; 0.20 and 0.80 &plusmn; 0.19 with no significant difference (p = 0.012). The correlation between ABI and extent of coronary involvement was 0.47 (p &lt; 0.0001). The group with lower ABI had the highest levels of coronary involvement (triple vessel, p &lt; 0.05).<strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> ABI had a significant relationship with the degree of coronary involvement and a significant predictive value. Therefore ABI seems to be a reliable indicator of high coronary risk.</p> <p class="abstract">&nbsp;</p><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td width="35" height="12"><br /></td></tr> <tr><td><br /></td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="abstract">&nbsp;</p> <br /> <p class="abstract"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Ankle to brachial index, Coronary involvement, Stable angina.</p> <p class="abstract">&nbsp;</p

The relationship between blood lead level with iron status and hemopoietic parameters in smoker and non-smoker workers at lead battery factory

The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of lead exposure on hemopoietic system (through the index delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase [δ-ALAD] activity, hemoglobin concentration [Hb], hematocrit concentration [Hct]) and on iron status (levels of serum iron [Fe], ferritin [Fr], total iron binding capacity [TIBC], percentage of transferrin saturation [TS%]) in Iranian workers at lead batteries factory. Forty-four workers were divided into two groups: smokers (n = 21) and non-smokers (n = 23). Also, 45 healthy subjects were studied as control group. δ-ALAD, iron status, and hematological parameters were evaluated. Activity of δ-ALAD ratio showed significant decrease (p  0.05) in smoker workers compared to non-smoker and control groups. There was no significant decrease (p > 0.05) in the sera levels of Fe, TS%, and Fr in all workers as compared to control. There was a significant increase in the level of TIBC in workers as compared to control; this elevation is more in smoker than in non-smoker workers. In smoker workers, there was a significant positive correlation between the blood lead levels (BLLs) and Hb, Hct, and TIBC whereas a significant negative correlation was observed between BLLs and Fe and TS%. The results revealed the importance of monitoring the level of iron status in smokers who deal with lead and therefore anemia will develop for them. δ-ALAD ratio was considered to predict the efficiency of heme synthesis as a new marker for the diagnosis of early stage of anemia

Comparison of the Effects of Concept Mapping and Conventional Teaching Methods on Critical Thinking of Nursing Students‏

Introduction: Development of critical thinking and Procedural skills has remained a serious and considerable challenge throughout the nursing educational system in Iran. Conventional methods of teaching such as lecture, as the dominant method used in higher educational systems, is a passive style which ignores critical thinking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of instruction by concept-mapping and conventional methods in fundamentals of nursing on critical thinking skills in Tehran nursing students in 2014. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 70 nursing students, who were selected through convenient sampling method, then divided randomly into two equal experimental and control groups, in the Clinical Skills Center of Tehran Nursing and Midwifery School. Educational content was presented in the forms of concept-mapping for the experimental group and lecture in the control group. Data collection included a demographic information and California Critical Thinking Skills (form B) questionnaire; They were filled at the beginning and end of the fourth week of the Instructional period. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (v. 21), using descriptive and analytical statistics, at the significance level of 0.05. Results: Before the intervention, the mean of the total critical thinking skill score was 9.71 ± 2.66 in the concept mapping group and 9.64 ± 2.14 in the lecture group, and the difference was not significant (P = 0.121); but, after the intervention, the critical thinking skill score was 15.20 ± 2.71 in the intervention group and 10.25 ± 2.06 in the control group, which had a significant difference (P = 0.003). Conclusions: Using concept mapping strategy in the education of nursing students may lead to developing critical thinking skills as one of the important missions of higher level education. Therefore, it is recommended to employ this method in clinical nursing education. Keywords: Concept mapping, Critical Thinking Skills, Fundamentals of Nursing, Nursing Student

Stress Level and Smoking Status in Central Iran: Isfahan Healthy Heart Program

<p class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Individuals are faced with numerous stressful life events which can negatively influence mental health. Many individuals use smoking as a means of confronting stress. Given the relatively high prevalence of smoking in central Iran, the present study was conducted to compare stress levels in smokers, non-smokers and those who had quit smoking.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; METHODS:</strong><strong> </strong>This study was conducted as part of Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Program on 9752 individuals in the cities of Isfahan, Arak, and Najafabad in 2008. Sampling was performed using multi-stage cluster randomization method. Data on age, sex, demographic characteristics, and smoking status was collected through interviews. Stress level detected by General Health questionnaire.Logistic regression and chi- squere test was used for data analyzing<strong>.</strong></p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; RESULTS:</strong> In the present study, 30% of non-smokers, 32.1% ex- smoker and 36.9% of smokers had GHQ of 4 and higher (P = 0.01). In regression analysis, the final model which was controlled for age, sex, socioeconomic statues (including place of residence, marital status and education level) showed that the odds ratio of stress in smokers and ex- smoker was significantly higher than in non-smokers (OR = 1.66 and OR = 1.12, respectively).<strong></strong></p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Since in conducted studies, mental problems and stresses have had an important role in people&rsquo;s smoking, it seems suitable to use the results of this study to present intervention for correct methods of coping with stress towards reducing the prevalence of smoking in the community.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Cigarette, Stress, Community-based Program.</p