Histochemical and immunohistochemical analyses of primary carcinoma of the liver.

Hematoxylin and eosin (H-E) stained liver sections of 47 autopsy cases of hepatic malignancies were examined. There were 43 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma (subtypes of 30 trabecular, 7 solid, 5 pseudoglandular, and one scirrhous carcinoma), 3 of cholangiocellular carcinoma and one of mixed carcinoma. After immunohistochemical staining, benign hepatocytes reacted positively with anti-epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). Hepatocellular carcinoma cells reacted more weakly than benign hepatocytes. It was noted that the microtubular structure, which could not be demonstrated even by alcian blue or cationic ferric hydroxide colloid stabilized with cacodylate (Fe-CaC), was clearly detected with anti-EMA. The EMA-positive microtubular structures may indicate terminal cholangiolar differentiation. Based on EMA, seven more cases formerly classified as hepatocellular carcinoma by H-E were reclassified as mixed carcinoma, totaling eight (17.0%). The histologic classification of &#34;mixed carcinoma&#34; has been 1.5 to 2.0% of primary liver cancers in Japan, but we suggest there may be more cases of &#34;mixed carcinoma&#34; identified in the future. In conclusion, we emphasize that EMA staining is useful for more accurate classification of hepatic tumors.</p

Preponderance of males in special education--why?

The purpose of this study was to determine why there are significantly more males than females in tutorial, remedial, and special education classes today

El cine de Goebbels: una primera aproximación

El presente trabajo pretende investigar la importancia del Ministro de Propaganda Joseph Goebbels en el ámbito cinematográfico y como éste afectó en el pensamiento de la sociedad alemana durante la dictadura nazi y su posterior influencia en la sociedad. Para ello hacemos un breve recorrido por su vida y el contexto histórico en el que transcurre, su dirección en la industria del cine y el análisis de varias películas filmadas durante el gobierno de Adolf Hitler, para comprender y reflexionar sobre la importancia de la propaganda, concretamente cinematográfica, en los Estados totalitarios.Grado en Publicidad y Relaciones Pública

Biophysical and Biochemical Investigations of Proteins Involved in Genomic Stability

The processes by which cells either make or avoid mutations in their DNA are varied and multifaceted. Often proteins involved in the repair of DNA damage are also found inducing mutations in the immune response. Despite the fact that these proteins and processes are found in all eukaryotes, the scientific community is just beginning to elucidate the mechanisms of these diverse pathways and the functions of the proteins involved in them. This dissertation looks at proteins in two seemingly different cellular processes: DNA mismatch repair and the immune response, as modulated by cytidine deaminases. The DNA mismatch repair protein MutLalpha has been long thought to function as a molecular matchmaker; facilitating interactions between proteins in the mismatch repair pathway. Since little was known about this protein, biophysical and biochemical assays were designed and carried out to elucidate what role binding of ATP and DNA may have on MutLalpha. Surprisingly, MutLalpha can exist in four different conformational states, and these conformational states are governed by adenine nucleotide binding (but not hydrolysis). It had been shown previously that MutLalpha binds to DNA in long, cooperative protein tracts. MutLalpha protein tracts do not appear to be effected by increasing salt concentration, but they are affected by the presence of ATP. Additionally, the ATP hydrolysis rate of full-length MutLalpha was measured, and found to be 2-6x larger than values previously reported for isolated N-terminal domains of MutLalpha, suggesting that conformational changes seen upon ATP binding, and the interactions that are likely made as a result of those conformational changes, may enhance the rate of ATP hydrolysis by MutLalpha. Two of the cytidine deaminases (AID and APOBEC3G) have been shown to be involved in the immune response. The third cytidine deaminase (APOBEC2) is only a cytidine deaminase by sequence homology; and as yet has unknown function. Since it is widely believed that all cytidine deaminases are dimeric or tetrameric, a study of the oligomeric states of these proteins (with and without substrate present) was undertaken. Despite all three proteins belonging to the same superfamily, they each appear to exist in a different oligomeric state

Aquatically acquired Aeromonas hydrophila wound infection A report of 3 cases

The occurrence of Aeromonas hydrophila wound infections in healthy hosts after water-associated injury is being reported more frequently. This paper reports our experience with 3 such cases and outlines the importance of recognising the association between a water-related injury and, this organism

Accounting for employee share options : a critical analysis

The main goal of this dissertation was to obtain an understanding as to the true economic nature of employee share options and the problems surrounding the accounting thereof. The main conclusion of this study is that employee share options should be expensed in the income statement as and when the employee's services are performed. The reason is that employee share options are valuable financial instruments which the employer has used to compensate the employee for his services. It was also concluded that exercise date accounting and classification of outstanding employee share options as liabilities on the balance sheet is the most appropriate accounting treatment. Such accounting treatment trues up the accounting of employee share options with that of cash-settled share appreciation rights, which are economically equivalent transactions. The measurement of employee share options should be based on their fair value using an option-pricing model adapted for the specific features of employee share options.AccountingThesis (M. Com. (Accounting Science)

Orientación deportiva como actividad extraescolar

En este trabajo de fin de grado lo que pretendo es crear una actividad extraescolar basada en la orientación deportiva, partiendo de la base de que, previamente durante las clases de Educación Física, hayan abordado este tema. Esta actividad les permitirá a los alumnos involucrarse más en la orientación, conocer términos y actividades y sobretodo tener un disfrute y un respeto hacia la naturaleza. El objetivo final que se persigue es que sean capaces de realizar por sí mismos una carrera de orientación programada en el Monte “El Viejo”.Grado en Educación Primari

Reportaje y análisis de los sintecho en Valladolid

-Departamento de Historia Moderna, Contemporánea y de América, Periodismo y Comunicación Audiovisual y PublicidadGrado en Periodism

Activation-induced deaminase, AID, is catalytically active as a monomer on single-stranded DNA

Hypermutation and class switch recombination of immunoglobulin genes are antigen-activated mechanisms triggered by AID, a cytidine deaminase. AID deaminates cytidine residues in the DNA of the variable and the switch regions of the immunoglobulin locus. The resulting uracil induces error-prone DNA synthesis in the case of hypermutation or DNA breaks that activate non-homologous recombination in the case of class-switch recombination. In vitro studies have demonstrated that AID deaminates single-stranded but not double-stranded substrates unless AID is in a complex with RPA and the substrate is actively undergoing transcription. However, it is not clear whether AID deaminates its substrates primarily as a monomer or as a higher order oligomer. To examine the oligomerization state of AID alone and in the presence of single stranded DNA substrates of various structures, including loops embedded in double-stranded DNA, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualize AID protein alone or in complex with DNA. Surprisingly, AFM results indicate that most AID molecules exist as a monomer and that it binds single-stranded DNA substrates as a monomer at concentrations where efficient deamination of single-stranded DNA substrates occur. The rate of deamination, under conditions of excess and limiting protein, also imply that AID can deaminate single-stranded substrates as a monomer. These results imply that non-phosphorylated AID is catalytically active as a monomer on single stranded DNA in vitro, including single-stranded DNA found in loops similar to those transiently formed in the immunoglobulin switch regions during transcription