4,189 research outputs found
Quantum criticality in SU(3) and SU(4) anti-ferromagnets
We study the quantum phase transition out of the Neel state in SU(3) and
SU(4) generalizations of the Heisenberg anti-ferromagnet with a sign problem
free four spin coupling (so-called JQ model), by extensive quantum Monte Carlo
simulations. We present evidence that the SU(3) and SU(4) order parameters and
the SU(3) and SU(4) stiffness' go to zero continuously without any evidence for
a first order transition. However, we find considerable deviations from simple
scaling laws for the stiffness even in the largest system sizes studied. We
interpret these as arising from multiplicative scaling terms in these
quantities which affect the leading behavior, i.e., they will persist in the
thermodynamic limit unlike the conventional additive corrections from
irrelevant operators. We conjecture that these multiplicative terms arise from
dangerously irrelevant operators whose contributions to the quantities of
interest are non-analytic
Frustrated quantum Ising spins simulated by spinless bosons in a tilted lattice: from a quantum liquid to antiferromagnetic order
We study spinless bosons in a decorated square lattice with a near-diagonal
tilt. The resonant subspace of the tilted Mott insulator is described by an
effective Hamiltonian of frustrated quantum Ising spins on a non-bipartite
lattice. This generalizes an earlier proposal for the unfrustrated quantum
Ising model in one dimension which was realized in a recent experiment on
ultracold Rb atoms in an optical lattice. Very close to diagonal tilt,
we find a quantum liquid state which is continuously connected to the
paramagnet. Frustration can be reduced by increasing the tilt angle away from
the diagonal, and the system undergoes a transition to an antiferromagnetically
ordered state. Using quantum Monte Carlo simulations and exact diagonalization,
we find that for realistic system sizes the antiferromagnetic order appears to
be quasi-one-dimensional; however, in the thermodynamic limit the order is
two-dimensional.Comment: 27 pages, 14 figure
Exotic vs. conventional scaling and universality in a disordered bilayer quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet
We present large-scale Monte-Carlo simulations of a two-dimensional (2d)
bilayer quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet with random dimer dilution. In
contrast to the exotic scaling scenarios found in many other random quantum
systems, the quantum phase transition in this system is characterized by a
finite-disorder fixed point with power-law scaling. After accounting for strong
corrections to scaling, characterized by a leading irrelevant exponent of
\omega = 0.48, we find universal, i.e., disorder-independent, critical
exponents z=1.310(6) and \nu=1.16(3). We discuss the consequences of these
findings and suggest new experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 5eps figures included, final version as publishe
Quantum criticality of U(1) gauge theories with fermionic and bosonic matter in two spatial dimensions
We consider relativistic U(1) gauge theories in 2+1 dimensions, with N_b
species of complex bosons and N_f species of Dirac fermions at finite
temperature. The quantum phase transition between the Higgs and Coulomb phases
is described by a conformal field theory (CFT). At large N_b and N_f, but for
arbitrary values of the ratio N_b/N_f, we present computations of various
critical exponents and universal amplitudes for these CFTs. We make contact
with the different spin-liquids, charge-liquids and deconfined critical points
of quantum magnets that these field theories describe. We compute physical
observables that may be measured in experiments or numerical simulations of
insulating and doped quantum magnets.Comment: 30 pages, 8 figure
Quench dynamics across quantum critical points
We study the quantum dynamics of a number of model systems as their coupling
constants are changed rapidly across a quantum critical point. The primary
motivation is provided by the recent experiments of Greiner et al. (Nature 415,
39 (2002)) who studied the response of a Mott insulator of ultracold atoms in
an optical lattice to a strong potential gradient. In a previous work
(cond-mat/0205169), it had been argued that the resonant response observed at a
critical potential gradient could be understood by proximity to an Ising
quantum critical point describing the onset of density wave order. Here we
obtain numerical results on the evolution of the density wave order as the
potential gradient is scanned across the quantum critical point. This is
supplemented by studies of the integrable quantum Ising spin chain in a
transverse field, where we obtain exact results for the evolution of the Ising
order correlations under a time-dependent transverse field. We also study the
evolution of transverse superfluid order in the three dimensional case. In all
cases, the order parameter is best enhanced in the vicinity of the quantum
critical point.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figure
Comment on "Spin Transport properties of the quantum one-dimensional non-linear sigma model"
In a recent preprint (cond-mat/9905415), Fujimoto has used the Bethe ansatz
to compute the finite temperature, zero frequency Drude weight of spin
transport in the quantum O(3) non-linear sigma model in a magnetic field . We show here that, contrary to his claims, the results are in accord
with earlier semiclassical results (Sachdev and Damle, cond-mat/9610115). We
also comment on his 1/N expansion, and show that it does not properly describe
the long-time correlations.Comment: 4 page
Metallic spin glasses
Recent work on the zero temperature phases and phase transitions of strongly
random electronic system is reviewed. The transition between the spin glass and
quantum paramagnet is examined, for both metallic and insulating systems.
Insight gained from the solution of infinite range models leads to a quantum
field theory for the transition between a metallic quantum paramagnetic and a
metallic spin glass. The finite temperature phase diagram is described and
crossover functions are computed in mean field theory. A study of fluctuations
about mean field leads to the formulation of scaling hypotheses.Comment: Contribution to the Proceedings of the ITP Santa Barbara conference
on Non-Fermi liquids, 25 pages, requires IOP style file
Putting competing orders in their place near the Mott transition
We describe the localization transition of superfluids on two-dimensional
lattices into commensurate Mott insulators with average particle density p/q
(p, q relatively prime integers) per lattice site. For bosons on the square
lattice, we argue that the superfluid has at least q degenerate species of
vortices which transform under a projective representation of the square
lattice space group (a PSG). The formation of a single vortex condensate
produces the Mott insulator, which is required by the PSG to have density wave
order at wavelengths of q/n lattice sites (n integer) along the principle axes;
such a second-order transition is forbidden in the Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson
framework. We also discuss the superfluid-insulator transition in the direct
boson representation, and find that an interpretation of the quantum
criticality in terms of deconfined fractionalized bosons is only permitted at
special values of q for which a permutative representation of the PSG exists.
We argue (and demonstrate in detail in a companion paper: L. Balents et al.,
cond-mat/0409470) that our results apply essentially unchanged to electronic
systems with short-range pairing, with the PSG determined by the particle
density of Cooper pairs. We also describe the effect of static impurities in
the superfluid: the impurities locally break the degeneracy between the q
vortex species, and this induces density wave order near each vortex. We
suggest that such a theory offers an appealing rationale for the local density
of states modulations observed by Hoffman et al. (cond-mat/0201348) in STM
studies of the vortex lattice of BSCCO, and allows a unified description of the
nucleation of density wave order in zero and finite magnetic fields. We note
signatures of our theory that may be tested by future STM experiments.Comment: 35 pages, 16 figures; (v2) part II is cond-mat/0409470; (v3) added
new appendix and clarifying remarks; (v4) corrected typo
Scaling in the Fan of an Unconventional Quantum Critical Point
We present results of extensive finite-temperature Quantum Monte Carlo
simulations on a SU(2) symmetric S=1/2 quantum antiferromagnet with a four-spin
interaction [Sandvik, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 227202 (2007)]. Our simulations,
which are free of the sign-problem and carried out on lattices containing in
excess of 1.6 X 10^4 spins, indicate that the four-spin interaction destroys
the N\'eel order at an unconventional z=1 quantum critical point, producing a
valence-bond solid paramagnet. Our results are consistent with the `deconfined
quantum criticality' scenario.Comment: published version, minor change
Ising and Spin orders in Iron-based Superconductors
Motivated by recent neutron scattering experiments, we study the ordering of
spins in the iron-based superconductors La(O_{1-x}F_x)FeAs, assuming them in
proximity to a Mott insulator in the phase diagram. The ground state of the
parent system with x = 0 is a spin density wave with ordering wave vector Q =
(0, \pi) or (\pi, 0). Upon raising the temperature, we find the system to
restore SU(2) symmetry, while an Ising symmetry remains broken, explaining the
experimentally observed lattice distortion to a monoclinic crystal structure.
Upon further temperature increase, the spins finally disorder at a second
transition. The phase transition driven by doping with charge carriers
similarly splits into an O(3) transition, and an Ising transition with z = 3 at
larger doping.Comment: 4.5 pages, 2 figure
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