Acute small bowel obstruction caused by endometriosis: A case report and review of the literature

Gastrointestinal involvement of endometriosis has been found in 3%-37% of menstruating women and exclusive localization on the ileum is very rare (1%-7%). Endometriosis of the distal ileum is an infrequent cause of intestinal obstruction, ranging from 7% to 23% of all cases with intestinal involvement. We report a case in which endometrial infiltration of the small bowel caused acute obstruction requiring emergency surgery, in a woman whose symptoms were not related to menses. Histology of the resected specimen showed that endometriosis was mainly prevalent in the muscularis propria and submucosa and that the mucosa was not ulcerated but had inflammation and glandular alteration. Endometrial lymph node involvement, with a cystic glandular pattern was also detected

Weight Gain in Overweight and Obese People with HIV—The OBHIV Cohort

Background: HIV and non-HIV-related factors have been related to weight gain (WG); however, their specific impact on people with HIV (PWH) who are overweight or obese remains unclear. Methods: This is a single-center observational study enrolling PWH with a BMI > 25 kg/m2. A generalized linear model was used to assess variables related to greater WG during 12 years of observation. Results: A total of 321 PWH were enrolled, 67% overweight and 33% obese, who gained an average of 0.2 ± 1.3 and 1.7 ± 1.5 kg/year, respectively (p < 0.0001). Years since HIV infection were the only variable significantly associated with WG (β −0.048, 95% CI −0.083; −0.013) during the study period, while type of ART did not influence the outcome. Narrowing the observation to the period of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, PWH with a longer duration of infection (β 0.075, 95% CI 0.033; 0.117) and a greater increase in triglycerides (β 0.005; 95% CI 0.000; 0.011) gained more weight, while higher BMI (β −0.256, 95% CI −0.352; −0.160), obesity (β −1.363, 95% CI −2.319; −0.408), diabetes mellitus (β −1.538, 95% CI −2.797; −0.278), and greater abdominal circumference (β −0.086, 95% CI −0.142; −0.030) resulted in protection. Conclusion: Among overweight and obese PWH, the amount of WG was higher in the first years after diagnosis of HIV and decreased thereafter, despite aging, regardless of the type of ART