6 research outputs found

    Regulation und Funktion des MiT-Transkriptionsfaktors TFEC

    Get PDF
    Der Transkriptionsfaktor TFEC gehört zur MiT-Familie. Im Gegensatz zu den MiT-Familienmitgliedern TFE3 und TFEB, die ubiquitĂ€r exprimiert werden, wurde TFEC in der Maus nur in Makrophagen und Osteoklasten und im Mensch nur in Leukozyten und dendritischen Zellen nachgewiesen. In dieser Arbeit wurde vor allem die Regulation und Funktion des humanen (h) und murinen (m) TFEC untersucht. Eine erhöhte Expression der murinen TFEC-mRNA wurde in aus Knochenmark generierten Makrophagen (BMMs), die mit IL-4, IL-13, GM-CSF oder LPS stimuliert wurden, beobachtet. Das Protein von mTFEC konnte mit Hilfe eines selbst hergestellten polyklonalen Antikörpers in IL-4-stimulierten BMMs detektiert werden. Die mTFEC-mRNA wurde neben den BMMs auch in dendritischen Zellen, die aus Knochenmarkszellen generiert wurden (BMDCs), exprimiert. Die im Vergleich zu den BMMs sehr hohe basale mTFEC-Expression in den BMDCs konnte nicht durch eine Stimulierung mit IL-4, IL-10 oder IL-13 erhöht werden, LPS dagegen verringerte diese. ZusĂ€tzlich wurde die Regulation des makrophagenspezifischen Promotors von mTFEC untersucht, der zwischen der Maus und dem Mensch eine 70%-ige IdenditĂ€t aufwies. Im Promotor von mTFEC befindet sich eine funktionelle Bindungsstelle fĂŒr den Transkriptionsfaktor NF-kB und zwei Erkennungssequenzen fĂŒr STAT6, deren LPS- bzw. IL-4-induzierte Bindung zu einer erhöhten PromotoraktivitĂ€t von mTFEC fĂŒhrte. Die STAT6-AbhĂ€ngigkeit zeigte sich in der fehlenden Steigerung der mTFEC-mRNA-Expression in IL-4-stimulierten BMMs von STAT6-/--MĂ€usen im Vergleich zu Wildtyp-BMMs. Mittels Microarray-Analysen wurde unter Verwendung von TFEC-/-- und Wildtyp-MĂ€usen neun unterschiedlich exprimierte Gene gefunden, einschließlich des Gens, das fĂŒr den G-CSF-Rezeptor, fĂŒr ein ribosomales Protein in Mitochondrien und fĂŒr ein F-Box-Protein codiert. Deren Expression wurde inhibitorisch oder aktivierend durch mTFEC reguliert, wobei der aktivierende Effekt von mTFEC anscheinend durch eine C-terminale AktivierungsdomĂ€ne vermittelt wurde. Die mRNA-Expression des humanen TFEC wurde in Monozyten, Makrophagen und DCs nachgewiesen. Eine starke Erhöhung der hTFEC-Expression in Makrophagen wurde durch eine LPS-, nicht aber durch eine IL-4 Stimulierung, erreicht. Diese Ergebnisse sind Hinweise auf eine unterschiedliche Regulation und Funktion von TFEC in der Maus und im Menschen

    Induction and Selection of Sox17-Expressing Endoderm Cells Generated from Murine Embryonic Stem Cells

    Get PDF
    Embryonic stem (ES) cells offer a valuable source for generating insulin-producing cells. However, current differentiation protocols often result in heterogeneous cell populations of various developmental stages. Here we show the activin A-induced differentiation of mouse ES cells carrying a homologous dsRed-IRES-puromycin knock-in within the Sox17 locus into the endoderm lineage. Sox17-expressing cells were selected by fluorescence-assisted cell sorting (FACS) and characterized at the transcript and protein level. Treatment of ES cells with high concentrations of activin A for 10 days resulted in up to 19% Sox17-positive cells selected by FACS. Isolated Sox17-positive cells were characterized by defini- tive endoderm-specific Sox17/Cxcr4/Foxa2 transcripts, but lacked pluripotency-associated Oct4 mRNA and protein. The Sox17-expressing cells showed downregulation of extraembryonic endoderm (Sox7, Afp, Sdf1)-, mesoderm (Foxf1, Meox1)- and ectoderm (Pax6, NeuroD6)-specific transcripts. The presence of Hnf4α, Hes1 and Pdx1 mRNA demonstrated the expression of primitive gut/foregut cell-specific markers. Ngn3, Nkx6.1 and Nkx2.2 transcripts in Sox17-positive cells were determined as properties of pancreatic endocrine progenitors. Immunocytochemistry of activin A-induced Sox17-positive embryoid bodies revealed coexpression of Cxcr4 and Foxa2. Moreover, the histochemical demonstration of E-cadherin-, Cxcr4-, Sox9-, Hnf1ÎČ- and Ngn3-positive epithelial-like structures underlined the potential of Sox17-positive cells to further differentiate into the pancreatic lineage. By reducing the heterogeneity of the ES cell progeny, Sox17-expressing cells are a suitable model to evaluate the effects of growth and differentiation factors and of culture conditions to delineate the differentiation process for the generation of pancreatic cells in vitro.Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugĂ€nglich

    Transcription factor Tfec contributes to the IL-4-inducible expression of a small group of genes in mouse macrophages including the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor

    Get PDF
    Expression of the mouse transcription factor EC (Tfec) is restricted to the myeloid compartment, suggesting a function for Tfec in the development or function of these cells. However, mice lacking Tfec develop normally, indicating a redundant role for Tfec in myeloid cell development. We now report that Tfec is specifically induced in bone marrow-derived macrophages upon stimulation with the Th2 cytokines, IL-4 and IL-13, or LPS. LPS induced a rapid and transient up-regulation of Tfec mRNA expression and promoter activity, which was dependent on a functional NF-kappaB site. IL-4, however, induced a rapid, but long-lasting, increase in Tfec mRNA, which, in contrast to LPS stimulation, also resulted in detectable levels of Tfec protein. IL-4-induced transcription of Tfec was absent in macrophages lacking Stat6, and its promoter depended on two functional Stat6-binding sites. A global comparison of IL-4-induced genes in both wild-type and Tfec mutant macrophages revealed a surprisingly mild phenotype with only a few genes affected by Tfec deficiency. These included the G-CSFR (Csf3r) gene that was strongly up-regulated by IL-4 in wild-type macrophages and, to a lesser extent, in Tfec mutant macrophages. Our study also provides a general definition of the transcriptome in alternatively activated mouse macrophages and identifies a large number of novel genes characterizing this cell type

    Induction and selection of Sox17-expressing endoderm cells generated from murine embryonic stem cells

    Get PDF
    Embryonic stem (ES) cells offer a valuable source for generating insulin-producing cells. However, current differentiation protocols often result in heterogeneous cell populations of various developmental stages. Here we show the activin A-induced differentiation of mouse ES cells carrying a homologous dsRed-IRES-puromycin knock-in within the Sox17 locus into the endoderm lineage. Sox17-expressing cells were selected by fluorescence-assisted cell sorting (FACS) and characterized at the transcript and protein level. Treatment of ES cells with high concentrations of activin A for 10 days resulted in up to 19% Sox17-positive cells selected by FACS. Isolated Sox17-positive cells were characterized by defini- tive endoderm-specific Sox17/Cxcr4/Foxa2 transcripts, but lacked pluripotency-associated Oct4 mRNA and protein. The Sox17-expressing cells showed downregulation of extraembryonic endoderm (Sox7, Afp, Sdf1)-, mesoderm (Foxf1, Meox1)- and ectoderm (Pax6, NeuroD6)-specific transcripts. The presence of Hnf4alpha, Hes1 and Pdx1 mRNA demonstrated the expression of primitive gut/foregut cell-specific markers. Ngn3, Nkx6.1 and Nkx2.2 transcripts in Sox17-positive cells were determined as properties of pancreatic endocrine progenitors. Immunocytochemistry of activin A-induced Sox17-positive embryoid bodies revealed coexpression of Cxcr4 and Foxa2. Moreover, the histochemical demonstration of E-cadherin-, Cxcr4-, Sox9-, Hnf1beta- and Ngn3-positive epithelial-like structures underlined the potential of Sox17-positive cells to further differentiate into the pancreatic lineage. By reducing the heterogeneity of the ES cell progeny, Sox17-expressing cells are a suitable model to evaluate the effects of growth and differentiation factors and of culture conditions to delineate the differentiation process for the generation of pancreatic cells in vitro

    Activin A-Induced Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells into Endoderm and Pancreatic Progenitors—The Influence of Differentiation Factors and Culture Conditions

    No full text
    corecore