Tamizaje de cardiopatías congénitas

Congenital heart diseases are structural anomalies of the heart characterized by being the most frequent malformations in addition to being an important cause of infant and prenatal mortality. There is solid evidence that has shown pulse oximetry to be an effective tool for early recognition in critical cases after 24 hours of birth and before 48 hours; increasing the possibility of a clinical evolution to improve the patient, this test has been recognized as "neonatal screening for congenital heart disease".Las cardiopatías congénitas son anomalías estructurales del corazón caracterizadas por ser las malformaciones más frecuente además de constituir una importante causa de mortalidad infantil y prenatal.  Existen evidencias solidas que han demostrado la realización de pulsioximetria como una herramienta efectiva para su reconocimiento temprano en casos críticos después de 24 horas de nacido y antes de 48 horas; incrementando la posibilidad de una evolución clínica a mejoría del paciente, dicha prueba ha sido reconocida como “tamizaje neonatal de cardiopatías congénitas”

Capítulo 8. Asentamientos Humanos (Informe país Chile 2018)

International audienc

Marco Orientador del Ordenamiento Territorial Sustentable – Subsistema Socioproductivo (mapa Región Metropolitana de Santiago)

Mapa del Subsistema Socioproductivo del Marco Orientador del Ordenamiento Territorial (MOT) del Proyecto "Ordenamiento Territorial Ambientalmente Sustentable" (OTAS). El área corresponde a la Región Metropolitana de Santiago y su escala geográfica es 1:250.000

La tragedia ambiental de América Latina y el Caribe

Este libro es el resultado de una reflexión colectiva a la que invitó la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL) en el marco de las discusiones que apoyaron la preparación del trigésimo octavo período de sesiones de la Comisión. Con la colaboración de Nicolo Gligo, fue posible reunir un grupo de pioneros en la reflexión sobre el desarrollo sostenible en América Latina y el Caribe, que desde los años setenta nutren con su pensamiento este campo de las disciplinas social y científica. Sus diversas contribuciones se integran en los 12 capítulos de este documento, que abordan los grandes temas que se debaten en la región y el mundo con relación al desarrollo y el medio ambiente. En opinión de los autores, la humanidad está frente a una encrucijada. Se sostiene que el planeta ha sido conducido a un deterioro creciente de la biósfera, agravado por el fenómeno del cambio climático, en el marco de un orden económico internacional desequilibrado, injusto y excluyente. Se plantea que es preciso un cambio estructural que lleve a un desarrollo de mayor calidad, un cambio paradigmático y cultural, que permita una mejor calidad de vida, con una preocupación relevante por la sostenibilidad ambiental. En sus reflexiones se señala la imperiosa necesidad de mejorar las métricas del desarrollo, dominadas hoy por el distorsionador PIB, y se aborda el problema del peso de las políticas ambientales implícitas por sobre las explícitas. Se asigna una alta prioridad estratégica a las políticas e instrumentos de ordenamiento territorial que determinen idoneidades y vulnerabilidades. Se destaca la necesidad de avanzar hacia la implementación de acuerdos multinacionales en el ámbito de la investigación y la gestión sostenible de tierras y ecosistemas o espacios geográficos compartidos entre dos o más países, en particular allí donde estén ocurriendo procesos de transformación significativos.Prólogo .-- Prefacio .-- Introducción .-- Capítulo I. La encrucijada actual .-- Capítulo II. El desarrollo en riesgo .-- Capítulo III. La única salida posible: el fin de este modelo de desarrollo .-- Capítulo IV. Exploración de otro modelo de desarrollo: hacia un cambio estructural con sostenibilidad ambiental .-- Capítulo V. La dimensión ambiental como freno al desenfreno capitalista: en la búsqueda del bienestar .-- Capítulo VI. Necesidad de mayor conocimiento sobre las heterogéneas características de los distintos territorios y sus comportamientos .-- Capítulo VII. Hacia la modificación del modelo de crecimiento económico: conflictos entre el crecimiento económico y el medio ambiente .-- Capítulo VIII. Transformación productiva a través de nuevas tecnologías: posibilidades y limitaciones .-- Capítulo IX. Propuestas, políticas y medidas para una gestión ambiental relevante .-- Capitulo X. Las comunidades indígenas y campesinas y el desarrollo sostenible .-- Capítulo XI. Enfrentar el cambio climático considerando la incidencia de la gestión de los recursos naturales .-- Capítulo XII. Acuerdos multinacionales para el manejo de ecosistemas compartidos

The environmental tragedy of Latin America and the Caribbean. Offprint

This book, of which we present an preliminary offprint version in English, is the result of a collective analysis undertaken at the invitation of the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC) as part of the discussions supporting preparations for the thirty-eighth session of the Commission. With the collaboration of Nicolo Gligo, it was possible to bring together a group of pioneers in the analysis of sustainable development in Latin America and the Caribbean whose thinking has been informing this field of the social and scientific disciplines since the 1970s. Their different contributions are integrated into the 12 chapters of this document, which address the great issues being debated in the region and the world in relation to development and the environment. In the authors’ opinion, humanity is at a crossroads. They argue that increasing harm has been done to the planet’s biosphere, aggravated by climate change, in the context of an international economic order that is unbalanced, unfair and uninclusive. They contend that structural change is needed to bring about higher-quality development, a cultural and paradigm shift that creates the conditions for better quality of life with real concern for environmental sustainability. Their reflections highlight the urgent need to improve development metrics, currently dominated by the distorting yardstick of GDP, and address the problem of the predominance of implicit environmental policies over explicit ones. High strategic priority is given to land-use planning policies and instruments for determining degrees of suitability and vulnerability. Stress is laid on the need to move towards implementation of multinational agreements governing research into and sustainable management of land and ecosystems or geographical spaces shared between two or more countries, particularly where significant processes of change are occurring.Foreword .-- Preface .-- Introduction .-- I. Humanity at a crossroads .-- II. Development at risk .-- III. The only way out: the end of this development model .-- IV. Exploring another development model: towards structural change with environmental sustainability .-- V. The environmental dimension as a curb on unrestrained capitalism: in quest of well-being .-- VI. The need for better knowledge about the heterogeneous characteristics of the territory and its behaviours .-- VII. Towards a change in the economic growth model: conflicts between economic growth and the environment .-- VIII. Using new technologies to transform economies: potential and limitations .-- IX. Proposals, policies and measures for meaningful environmental management .-- X. indigenous and campesino communities and sustainable development .-- XI. Dealing with climate change in consideration of the effects of natural resource management .-- XII. Multinational agreements for the management of shared ecosystems

Search for high-mass diphoton resonances in proton–proton collisions at 13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV search

A search for the resonant production of high-mass photon pairs is presented. The search focuses on spin-0 and spin-2 resonances with masses between 0.5 and 4.5 TeV, and with widths, relative to the mass, between 1.4 $\times$ 10$^{−4}$ and 5.6 $\times$ 10$^{−2}$ . The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 fb$^{−1}$ of proton–proton collisions collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant excess is observed relative to the standard model expectation. The results of the search are combined statistically with those previously obtained in 2012 and 2015 at $\sqrt{s}$ = 8 and 13 TeV, respectively, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 3.3 fb$^{−1}$, to derive exclusion limits on scalar resonances produced through gluon–gluon fusion, and on Randall–Sundrum gravitons. The lower mass limits for Randall–Sundrum gravitons range from 1.95 to 4.45 TeV for coupling parameters between 0.01 and 0.2. These are the most stringent limits on Randall–Sundrum graviton production to date

Suppression and azimuthal anisotropy of prompt and nonprompt J/ψJ/\psi production in PbPb collisions at sNN\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 2.76 TeV

The nuclear modification factor ${R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ and the azimuthal anisotropy coefficient ${v_{2}}$ of prompt and nonprompt (i.e. those from decays of b hadrons) $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ mesons, measured from PbPb and pp collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}} =$ 2.76 TeV at the LHC, are reported. The results are presented in several event centrality intervals and several kinematic regions, for transverse momenta $p_{\mathrm{T}} >$ 6.5 GeV/$c$ and rapidity $| {y} | <$ 2.4, extending down to $p_{\mathrm{T}}=$ 3 GeV/$c$ in the 1.6 $< |{y}| <$ 2.4 range. The ${v_{2}}$ of prompt $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ is found to be nonzero and constant over the full kinematic range studied, while the measured ${v_{2}}$ of nonprompt $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ is consistent with zero. The ${R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$of prompt $\mathrm{J}/\psi$ exhibits a suppression that increases with centrality but does not vary as a function of either $y$ or $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ in the fiducial range. The nonprompt $\mathrm{J}/\psi {R_{\mathrm{AA}}}$ shows a suppression which becomes stronger as rapidity or $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ increase. The ${v_{2}}$ and nuclear suppression of open and hidden charm, and of open charm and beauty, are compared

Search for CP violation in tt‾ t\overline{t} production and decay in proton-proton collisions at s=8 \sqrt{s}=8 TeV

The results of a first search for CP violation in the production and decay of top quark-antiquark ( $t\overline{t}$ ) pairs are presented. The search is based on asymmetries in T-odd, triple-product correlation observables, where T is the time-reversal operator. The analysis uses a sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb$^{−1}$. Events are selected having one electron or muon and at least four jets. The T-odd observables are measured using four-momentum vectors associated with $t\overline{t}$ production and decay. The measured asymmetries exhibit no evidence for CP-violating effects, consistent with the expectation from the standard model

Malattie parassitarie sostenute da Myxozoa in pesci d'acqua dolce

Charge-dependent azimuthal particle correlations with respect to the second-order event plane in p-Pb and PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV have been studied with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is performed with a three-particle correlation technique, using two particles with the same or opposite charge within the pseudorapidity range |η|<2.4, and a third particle measured in the hadron forward calorimeters (4.4<|η|<5). The observed differences between the same and opposite sign correlations, as functions of multiplicity and η gap between the two charged particles, are of similar magnitude in p-Pb and PbPb collisions at the same multiplicities. These results pose a challenge for the interpretation of charge-dependent azimuthal correlations in heavy ion collisions in terms of the chiral magnetic effect

Search for high-mass diphoton resonances in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV search

The results of a search are presented for the resonant production of high-mass photon pairs, specifically spin-0 and spin-2 resonances with an invariant mass between 0.5 and 4.5 TeV, and with a width, relative to the mass, between 1.4 $\times$ 10$^{-4}$ and 5.6 $\times$ 10$^{-2}$. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 12.9 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collisions collected with the CMS detector in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant excess is observed relative to the standard model expectation. The results of the search are combined statistically with those previously obtained in 2012 and 2015 at $\sqrt{s} = 8$ and 13 TeV, respectively, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 19.7 and 3.3 inverse femtobarns, to derive exclusion limits on scalar resonances produced through gluon-gluon fusion, and on Randall-Sundrum gravitons. The lower mass limits for Randall-Sundrum gravitons range from 1.95 to 4.45 TeV for coupling parameters between 0.01 and 0.2. These are the most stringent limits on Randall-Sundrum graviton production to date