Bioactives in organic and conventional milled cereal products from Croatian market

A need for food that contributes to individual nutrition and health status, and also to the sustainability of the planet, is rising as a consequence of consumer’s awareness of foods nutritional value and origin. This behaviour is mostly expressed through the preference toward organically grown and wholesome food. Science to some extent supports this preference, giving more evidence supporting the benefit of whole food, and indicating that organic might be more nutritious than conventional. However, the question that remains is - is it always better? Thus in this study organic and conventional cereal milling products from Croatian market were randomly selected (namely wheat bran, whole grain, semi-white and white wheat flour, and whole grain corn, oat and rye flour) in order to determine their antioxidant activity (AO), lignans, ferulic acid (FA), total phenolic (TPC) and dietary fibre (DF) content. The research aimed to point out how cereals contribute to the diet with their fibres and bioactives, and to see to what extent consumers can expect organic cereal products to be better source of bioactives than conventional ones when buying from the market. Wheat bran distinguished among chosen products with its high FA, TPC, lignan content, and the strongest AO, especially in case of organic bran. Within whole grains organic corn flour exhibited the strongest AO and the highest TPC (2576 mg FAE kg-1), while organic oat flour was the most abundant in lignans (10064 μg kg-1). Higher content of FA, TPC, and lignans in organic wheat bran and established difference in bioactives between flours from the organic farming compared to conventional do not lead to firm conclusion that consumers can expect organically produced cereals to be superior in all nutrition aspects to conventional, as is often believed. Despite that, interestingly, among analysed nutritional parameters lignans were in all cases higher in organic products and less strong correlated to fibre content, indicating that they could be influenced by farming system. Obtained data highlight the benefit of consuming different wholegrain cereals as an important source of fibres and bioactive compounds, which, with the exception of lignans, are strongly positively correlated to the insoluble fibre content

Brašno - Kruh '15

Proceedings contains 28 original research articles presented at 8th International Congress Flour – Bread ’15 and 10th Croatian Congress of Cereal Technologists Brašno – Kruh ’1

Determination of carbohydrate content infant formulas samples by HPLC

U 11 uzoraka hrane za dojenčad određivani su ugljikohidrati (glukoza, fruktoza, laktoza i saharoza). Metoda određivanja je visoko djelotvorna tekućinska kromatografija uz primjenu detektora indeksa loma. Udjel ugljikohidrata u proizvodu kretao se za fruktozu od 0 do 8,988 g/100 g proizvoda, za glukozu od 0,345 do 34,773 g/100 g proizvoda, za laktozu od 32,878 do 51,435 g/100 g proizvoda i za saharozu od 0 do 0,789 g/100 g proizvoda. Podaci dobiveni u ovom istraživanju u skladu su s Pravilnikom, literaturom i podacima navedenim na deklaraciji proizvoda.Carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, lactose and sucrose) were determined in 11 samples of infant formulas. Method of determination was High Performance Liquid Cromatography with usage of refractive index detector. Amount of carbohydrate in 100 g of product variate for fructose from 0 to 8,988, for glucose from 0,345 to 34,773, for lactose from 32,878 to 51,435 and for sucrose from 0 to 0,789. Data obtained in this study are consistent with national regulations, data presented in literature and values indicated on the label of the product

Determination of mineral content in infant formulas

Razvijena je i validirana jednostavna i brza F-AAS metoda za određivanje bakra, željeza, cinka i natrija te F-AES metoda za određivanje kalija u hrani za dojenčad. Razvijenom je metodom određen udjel navedenih mineralnih tvari, dok je udjel kalcija određen gravimetrijsko-volumetrijskom i fosfora kolorimetrijskom metodom u 14 uzoraka hrane za dojenčad. Udjel bakra iznosio je od 232 do 403 μg/100 g praha, željeza od 4,4 do 7,2 mg/100 g praha, cinka od 2,1 do 5,3 mg/100 g praha, natrija od 91 do 211 mg/100 g praha, kalija od 98 do 187 mg/100 g praha, kalcija od 376 do 543 mg/100 g praha i fosfora od 198 do 370 mg/100 g praha. Uočeno odstupanje izmjerenog od deklariranog udjela mineralnih tvari iznosilo je od - 76,95 do 23,45 %. Udjel kalija se u svim ispitivanim uzorcima nalazio značajno ispod, dok se udjel cinka u jednom uzorku nalazio neznatno ispod minimalnog udjela dopuštenog Pravilnikom.A simple and rapid F-AAS method for copper, iron, zinc and sodium analysis and F-AES method for potassium analysis in infant formula was developed and validated. Additionaly, infant formula calcium and phosphorus content was determined by gravimetric-volumetric and colorimetric methods, respectively. Mineral content in the 14 analysed infant formula samples, expressed as content per 100 g of powder, ranged from 232 to 403 μg for copper, from 4.4 to 7.2 mg for iron, from 2.1 to 5.3 mg for zinc, from 91 to 211 mg for sodium, from 98 to 187 mg for potassium, from 376 to 543 mg for calcium and from 198 to 370 mg for phosphorus. The mineral content difference between obtained results and declared values on product labels ranged from - 76.95 to 23.45 %. Potassium content in all samples was significantly below while zinc content of one sample was slightly below minimal amounts required by national regulations

Determination of carbohydrate content infant formulas samples by HPLC

U 11 uzoraka hrane za dojenčad određivani su ugljikohidrati (glukoza, fruktoza, laktoza i saharoza). Metoda određivanja je visoko djelotvorna tekućinska kromatografija uz primjenu detektora indeksa loma. Udjel ugljikohidrata u proizvodu kretao se za fruktozu od 0 do 8,988 g/100 g proizvoda, za glukozu od 0,345 do 34,773 g/100 g proizvoda, za laktozu od 32,878 do 51,435 g/100 g proizvoda i za saharozu od 0 do 0,789 g/100 g proizvoda. Podaci dobiveni u ovom istraživanju u skladu su s Pravilnikom, literaturom i podacima navedenim na deklaraciji proizvoda.Carbohydrates (glucose, fructose, lactose and sucrose) were determined in 11 samples of infant formulas. Method of determination was High Performance Liquid Cromatography with usage of refractive index detector. Amount of carbohydrate in 100 g of product variate for fructose from 0 to 8,988, for glucose from 0,345 to 34,773, for lactose from 32,878 to 51,435 and for sucrose from 0 to 0,789. Data obtained in this study are consistent with national regulations, data presented in literature and values indicated on the label of the product