Public confidence in policing: a neo-Durkheimian perspective

Public confidence in policing has received much attention in recent years, but few studies outside of the United States have examined the sociological and social–psychological processes that underpin trust and support. This study, conducted in a rural English location, finds that trust and confidence in the police are shaped not by sentiments about risk and crime, but by evaluations of the values and morals that underpin community life. Furthermore, to garner public confidence, the police must be seen first to typify group morals and values and second to treat the public with dignity and fairness. All these findings are consistent with the perspective that people are Durkheimian in their attitudes towards crime, policing and punishment—a perspective developed here in this paper

Secrets Clutched in a Dead Hand: Rethinking Posthumous Psychotherapist-Patient Privilege in the Light of Reason and Experience with Other Evidentiary Privileges

Attorney-client privilege was held by the Supreme Court to extend beyond death in 1996, albeit only ratifying centuries of accepted practice in the lower courts and England before them. But with the lawyer’s client dead, the natural outcome of such a rule is that privilege—the legal enforcement of secrecy—will persist forever, for only the dead client could ever have waived and thus end it. Perpetuity is not traditionally favored by the law for good reason, and yet a long and broad line of precedent endorses its application to privilege. The recent emergence of a novel species of privilege for psychotherapy, however, affords an opportunity to take a fresh look at the long-tolerated enigma of eternity and the imprudence of thoughtlessly importing it to the newest addition to the family of privileges. Frankly, humanity has always deserved better than legalisms arrogating to the inscrutability of the infinite

The phase transition phenomena in anisotropic superconductors: effect of the orthorhombic crystal field and the potential impurity scattering

A combined effect of the orthorhombic crystal field and potential impurity scattering on several superconducting states of a tetragonal symmetry is studied within a weak-coupling mean field approach. It is shown that the nonmagnetic impurities stabilize the states belonging to the identity irreducible representation. The electronic specific heat jump at the phase transition is analyzed. Its dependence on the potential scattering rate for large impurity concentration is shown to be remarkably different for the states with a nonzero value of the Fermi surface averaged order parameter than for those with a vanishing one. In particular, very distinct signals from d_{x^2-y^2} state in YBCO and d_{xy} state in BSCCO compound are predicted. This effect may be used as a test for the presence of these states in the above cuprates.Comment: 21 pages, 2 tables, RevTex, 12 PostScript figure

Achievement of the planetary defense investigations of the Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission

NASA's Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DART) mission was the first to demonstrate asteroid deflection, and the mission's Level 1 requirements guided its planetary defense investigations. Here, we summarize DART's achievement of those requirements. On 2022 September 26, the DART spacecraft impacted Dimorphos, the secondary member of the Didymos near-Earth asteroid binary system, demonstrating an autonomously navigated kinetic impact into an asteroid with limited prior knowledge for planetary defense. Months of subsequent Earth-based observations showed that the binary orbital period was changed by –33.24 minutes, with two independent analysis methods each reporting a 1σ uncertainty of 1.4 s. Dynamical models determined that the momentum enhancement factor, β, resulting from DART's kinetic impact test is between 2.4 and 4.9, depending on the mass of Dimorphos, which remains the largest source of uncertainty. Over five dozen telescopes across the globe and in space, along with the Light Italian CubeSat for Imaging of Asteroids, have contributed to DART's investigations. These combined investigations have addressed topics related to the ejecta, dynamics, impact event, and properties of both asteroids in the binary system. A year following DART's successful impact into Dimorphos, the mission has achieved its planetary defense requirements, although work to further understand DART's kinetic impact test and the Didymos system will continue. In particular, ESA's Hera mission is planned to perform extensive measurements in 2027 during its rendezvous with the Didymos–Dimorphos system, building on DART to advance our knowledge and continue the ongoing international collaboration for planetary defense

Hoban_J_cinerea_Mol_Ecol_2010_Microsat_Data_Dryad

This file contains the microsatellite genotypes for 11 loci and 904 individuals, in 29 natural populations (forest) of butternut (J cinerea L) across eastern North America. These are the data referred to in the first sentence of the Results. They are data AFTER removal of hybrid individuals, identical genotypes, or individuals with too much missing data. These data are therefore the data used to calculate all statistics in the paper. The data are in GENEPOP format. The names of individuals are unique identification numbers used in our lab. The names of the loci correspond to those from Robichaud et al, and Hoban et al, as described in the Materials and Methods of the paper