Endo-sinus bone gain following osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation with Bio-Oss Collagen compared with no grafting material: a one-year single-blind randomized controlled trial

The objective of this study was to assess endo-sinus bone gain (ESBG) following osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation with Bio-Oss Collagen (test) compared with no grafting material (control) using two- and three-dimensional radiographic methods, as part of a randomized controlled trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04618900). Forty healthy patients who met the necessary eligibility criteria were allocated by block randomization to either the test group (20 patients) or control group (20 patients). Cone beam computed tomography scans were obtained at enrolment (T0), immediately after surgery (T1), at delivery of the prosthetic rehabilitation (T2), and 1 year after functional implant loading (T3). Mean differences were expressed with the 95% confidence interval; significance was set at P &lt; 0.05. ESBG was significantly increased with Bio-Oss Collagen compared with no grafting material at T1, T2, and T3 (P &lt; 0.001). A gradual decrease in ESBG was observed over time with both treatment modalities (P &lt; 0.001), which diminished the difference between the test and control groups at T2 and T3. ESBG was observed to be positively correlated with implant protrusion length and negatively correlated with the residual bone height. In osteotome-mediated sinus floor elevation, the application of Bio-Oss Collagen underneath the elevated Schneiderian membrane improved ESBG significantly when compared with no grafting material. However, the increased ESBG seems not to have positively improved the treatment outcomes in terms of the implant stability quotient or the survival of the implants or suprastructures.</p

Morphology, biology and pesticide tolerance of Chelotogenes ornatus (Acai: Cheyletidae).

This paper reports on the morphology, biology and pesticide tolerance of Cheletogenes ornatus, the most common predator of Pinnaspis aspidistrae in the region of Juazeiro- Bahia- Brazil. Some differences between C. ornatus from Brazil and redescriptions in the literature are mentioned in this paper. At 28 +ou- 5oC the duration of the life cycle was 40.6 and 31 days for female gametes and male gametes respectively. Females had 2 nymphal stages while the only male obtained in the laboratory had a single nymphal stage. C. ornatus reproduced by thelytokous parthenogenesis, and male gametes were seldom produced. The peak was ca. 0.8 crawler of P. aspidistrae/gemale gamete/day. The least harmful chemicals to adult females of C. ornatus were methyl parathion, malathion, cyhexatin, zineb and sulfur. Those chemicals caused less than 10% mortality of female gametes at he recommended rates on citrus. COncurrently, the first 2 chemicals caused over 70% mortality of crawlers of P. aspidistrae in the laboratory at the recommended rates

Avaliação histomorfométrica da associação entre biovidro e osso bovino liofilizado no tratamento de defeitos ósseos críticos criados em calvárias de ratos. Estudo piloto

OBJETIVO: Avaliar histomorfometricamente o efeito de biovidro (B), osso bovino liofilizado (OB) ou da mistura desses dois biomateriais (B/OB - 1:1) no reparo de defeitos &#243;sseos cr&#237;ticos em calv&#225;ria de ratos. MATERIAL E M&#201;TODO: Defeitos &#243;sseos (8 mm &#216;) foram criados cirurgicamente na calv&#225;ria de 24 ratos, distribu&#237;dos em 4 grupos com 6 animais, de acordo com o tipo de biomaterial: co&#225;gulo sangu&#237;neo (GC), biovidro (GB), osso bovino liofilizado (GOB) e a mistura desses dois biomateriais (GB/OB). Os animais foram eutanasiados ap&#243;s 15 e 60 dias do procedimento cir&#250;rgico (3 animais por per&#237;odo). A avalia&#231;&#227;o histol&#243;gica foi baseada na descri&#231;&#227;o da morfologia dos tecidos neoformados, enquanto para a avalia&#231;&#227;o histomorfom&#233;trica foi realizada quantifica&#231;&#227;o da porcentagem de tecido &#243;sseo, de tecido conjuntivo fibroso neoformados e de biomaterial remanescente no defeito &#243;sseo. RESULTADO: Nos dois per&#237;odos experimentais, a an&#225;lise histol&#243;gica apresentou neoforma&#231;&#227;o &#243;ssea, principalmente nas bordas dos defeitos, e ao redor de part&#237;culas de biomateriais remanescentes. A avalia&#231;&#227;o histomorfom&#233;trica demonstrou que no per&#237;odo de 15 dias o grupo GC apresentou maior percentagem de tecido &#243;sseo em rela&#231;&#227;o aos demais grupos estudados, enquanto que aos 60 dias o grupo GOB apresentou maior porcentagem de tecido &#243;sseo em rela&#231;&#227;o ao grupo GB. CONCLUS&#195;O: O osso bovino liofilizado apresentou maior forma&#231;&#227;o &#243;ssea em rela&#231;&#227;o ao biovidro, mas nenhum dos biomateriais foi superior ao co&#225;gulo. A associa&#231;&#227;o do biovidro e osso bovino liofilizado n&#227;o adicionou vantagem &#224; forma&#231;&#227;o &#243;ssea

Clinical comparison of short and conventional implants placed in the posterior region of the mandible. A pilot study

Abstract Objective To evaluate and correlate the values of radiographic bone density, peri-implant bone height and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) of short or conventional implants placed in the posterior region of the mandible after installing a prosthesis. Material and method Eleven patients were selected for this prospective parallel pilot study. The prostheses were supported by two types of implants: short implants (n = 18) (5.0 x 5.5 mm and 5.0 x 7.0 mm) and conventional implants (n = 23) (4.0 x10 mm and 4.0 x 11.5 mm). The implants were evaluated by RFA, by measuring the bone height, and peri-implant bone density. The implants were evaluated at the periods T0 (immediately after installation of the prosthesis), T1 (after 90 days), and T2 (after 180 days). Result There were no statistically significant differences between groups with respect to radiographic bone density (152.50 ± 15.39 vs. 157.60 ± 28.46, for conventional and short implants, respectively at T2), stability of the implants (Conventional implants: 66.76 ± 10.39 at T0, and 61.85 ± 8.38 at T2 vs. Short implants: 57.50 ± 12.17 at T0, and 61.53 ± 7.39 at T2) and peri-implant bone loss (0.03 mm vs.-0.17 mm, for conventional and short implants, respectively at T2). Additionally, a significant correlation between the evaluated parameters was not detected. Conclusion The short and conventional implants presented similar stability, bone level and density after the activation of occlusion loading

In vivo biocompatibility of nanostructured Chitosan/Peo membranes

Electrospinning is a technique that allows the preparation of nanofibers from various materials. Chitosan is a natural and abundant easily obtained polymer, which, in addition to those features, proved to be biocompatible. This work used nanostructured chitosan and polyoxyethylene membranes as subcutaneous implants in Wistar rats to evaluate the biocompatibility of the material. Samples of the material and tissues adjacent to the implant were collected 7, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days post-implantation. Macroscopic integration of the material to the tissues was observed in the samples and slides for histopathological examination that were prepared. It was noticed that the material does not stimulate the formation of adherences to the surrounding tissues and that there is initial predominance of neutrophilia and lymphocytosis, with a declining trend according to the increase of time, featuring a non-persistent acute inflammatory process. However, the material showed fast degradation, impairing the macroscopic observation after fifteen days of implantation. It was concluded that the material is biocompatible and that new studies should be conducted, modifying the time of degradation by changes in obtaining methods and verifying the biocompatibility in specific tissues for biomedical applications

Surfing the spectrum - what is on the horizon?

Diagnostic imaging techniques have evolved with technological advancements - but how far? The objective of this article was to explore the electromagnetic spectrum to find imaging techniques which may deliver diagnostic information of equal, or improved, standing to conventional radiographs and to explore any developments within radiography which may yield improved diagnostic data. A comprehensive literature search was performed using Medline, Web of Knowledge, Science Direct and PubMed Databases. Boolean Operators were used and key-terms included (not exclusively): terahertz, X-ray, ultraviolet, visible, infra-red, magnetic resonance, dental, diagnostic, caries and periodontal. Radiographic techniques are primarily used for diagnostic imaging in dentistry, and continued developments in X-ray imaging include: phase contrast, darkfield and spectral imaging. Other modalities have potential application, for example, terahertz, laser doppler and optical techniques, but require further development. In particular, infra-red imaging has regenerated interest with caries detection in vitro, due to improved quality and accessibility of cameras. Non-ionising imaging techniques, for example, infra-red, are becoming more commensurate with traditional radiographic techniques for caries detection. Nevertheless, X-rays continue to be the leading diagnostic image for dentists, with improved diagnostic potential for lower radiation dose becoming a reality

Impact of 3D cell culture on bone regeneration potential of mesenchymal stromal cells

As populations age across the world, osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related fractures are becoming the most prevalent degenerative bone diseases. More than 75 million patients suffer from osteoporosis in the US, the EU and Japan. Furthermore, it is anticipated that the number of patients affected by osteoporosis will increase by a third by 2050. Although conventional therapies including bisphosphonates, calcitonin and oestrogen-like drugs can be used to treat degenerative diseases, they are often associated with serious side effects including the development of oesophageal cancer, ocular inflammation, severe musculoskeletal pain, and osteonecrosis of the jaw. The use of autologous mesenchymal stromal cells/mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a possible alternative therapeutic approach to tackle osteoporosis while overcoming the limitations of traditional treatment options. However, osteoporosis can cause a decrease in the numbers of MSCs, induce their senescence, and lower their osteogenic differentiation potential. Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is an emerging technology that allows a more physiological expansion and differentiation of stem cells compared to cultivation on conventional flat systems. This review will discuss current understanding of the effects of different 3D cell culture systems on proliferation, viability, osteogenic differentiation, as well as on the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory potential of MSCs

Endo-sinus bone gain following sinus membrane elevation without graft compared with sinus floor augmentation and a composite graft: a one-year single-blind randomized controlled trial

The objective of this study was to assess endo-sinus bone gain (ESBG) and bone density (BD) following maxillary sinus membrane elevation without graft (test) compared with maxillary sinus floor augmentation and 1:1 ratio of autogenous bone from the buccal antrostomy and deproteinized porcine bone mineral (control) using two- and three-dimensional radiographic methods. Forty healthy patients were randomly allocated to the test and control groups. Cone beam computed tomography scans were obtained at enrolment (T0), immediately after surgery (T1), at delivery of the prosthetic rehabilitation (T2), and 1 year after functional implant loading (T3). Mean differences were expressed with the 95% confidence interval. Significance was set at ≤ 0.05. ESBG and BD were significantly higher in the control group than test group at T1, T2, and T3 (P &lt; 0.001). A significant decrease in ESBG and increase in BD was observed from T1 to T3 with both treatments (P &lt; 0.001). There was a non-significant positive correlation of ESBG with implant protrusion length and non-significant negative correlation with residual bone height. In conclusion, test was associated with significantly lower ESBG and BD compared with control. However, the lower ESBG and BD did not appear to negatively affect the implant stability quotient or implant treatment outcome after 1 year of functional implant loading.</p