33,378 research outputs found
Experimental analysis of lateral impact on planar brittle material: spatial properties of the cracks
The breakup of glass and alumina plates due to planar impacts on one of their
lateral sides is studied. Particular attention is given to investigating the
spatial location of the cracks within the plates. Analysis based on a
phenomenological model suggests that bifurcations along the cracks' paths are
more likely to take place closer to the impact region than far away from it, i.
e., the bifurcation probability seems to lower as the perpendicular distance
from the impacted lateral in- creases. It is also found that many observables
are not sensitive to the plate material used in this work, as long as the
fragment multiplicities corresponding to the fragmentation of the plates are
similar. This gives support to the universal properties of the fragmentation
process reported in for- mer experiments. However, even under the just
mentioned circumstances, some spatial observables are capable of distinguishing
the material of which the plates are made and, therefore, it suggests that this
universality should be carefully investigated
Dark Matter and Dark Energy due to Photons that Attract or Repel Each Other
The Through a simple model we study the possibility of photon with mass and charge that can produce an attractive or repulsive force at galactic distances. The main source of the dark energy can be provided by the non-vanishing photon mass during the period of dark radiation of the Universe. A simple analysis shows that the non-vanishing photon mass of the order of is consistent with the current observations. For distances separating nearby galaxies dominates the force of Newtonian attraction between photonic masses (Dark Matter). For distant galaxies dominates the repulsive electrical force between photon charges (Dark Energy)
- …