Occasional Finding Of Neurological Disorders During Children Hearing Loss Evaluation Using The Abr

One of the most important applications of the Brainstem evoked response audiometry (ABR) is in the evaluation of hearing loss in children. Today the ABR is also indicated in the screening of cochleovestibular syndromes to detect retrocochlear lesions, to monitor patients in a coma (brain death), in monitoring the brainstem during skull base surgery, etc. Among the many BERA qualities, is its capacity to evaluate the neurophysiologic integrity of the auditory brainstem pathway. In doing so, sometimes while evaluating hearing function in children we are faced with ABR waves that suggest the presence of retrocochlear lesions (trace asymmetry, increased interpeak intervals), many times confirmed through image studies. These cases are seen as occasional findings of neurologic disorders during children hearing loss evaluation. In this study we report 2 cases of neurologic disorders diagnosed with the use of the ABR to evaluate hearing loss in children. © Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia. All Rights reserved.733424428Jewett, D.L., Romano, M.N., Williston, J.S., Human auditory evoked potentials: Possible brain stem components detected on the scalp (1970) Science, 167 (924), pp. 1517-1518Starr, A., Hamilton, A.E., Correlation between confirmed sites of neurological lesions and abnormalities of far-field auditory brainstem responses (1976) Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol, 41 (6), pp. 595-608Levine, R.A., Gardner, J.C., Fullerton, B.C., Stufflebeam, S.M., Carlisle, E.W., Furst, M., Effects of multiple sclerosis brainstem lesions on sound lateralization and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (1993) Hear Res, 68 (1), pp. 73-88Moller, A.R., Jannetta, P.J., Auditory evoked potentials recorded intracranially from the brain stem in man (1982) Exp Neurol, 78 (1), pp. 144-157Hashimoto, I., Ishiyama, Y., Yoshimoto, T., Nemoto, S., Brain-stem auditory-evoked potentials recorded directly from human brain-stem and thalamus (1981) Brain, 104 (PART 4), pp. 841-859Anson, B., Donaldson, J., (1981) Surgical anatomy of the temporal bone, , 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders;Sousa LCA, Piza MRT, Costa SS. Poster: Brainstem Evoked Auditory Potential (ABR) in Neurology and Neurosurgery: 99th Meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery. New Orleans, USA, Setembro1995Sousa, L.C.A., Piza, M.R.T., Costa, S.S., Diagnosis of Menières Disease: Routine and Extended Tests (2002) Otolaryngol Clin North Am, , JuneMarangos, N., Maier, W., Merz, R., Laszig, R., Brainstem response in cerebellopontine angle tumors (2001) Otol Neurotol, 22 (1), pp. 95-99Haapaniemi, J., Laurikainen, E., Jahansson, R., Rinne, T., Varpula, M., Audiovestibular findings and location of na acoustic neuroma (2000) Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol, 257 (4), pp. 237-241Costa, S.S., Sousa, L.C.A., Cruz, O.L.M., Colli, B.O., Andrade, M.J., Rollin, G.A.F.S., Schwannoma vestibular: Apresentação atípica (1995) J Bras Neurosurg, 6 (2), pp. 41-48Sousa LCA, Piza MRT, Costa SS, Ferez M, Colli BO. Electrophysiologic Monitoring (ABR) of Coma Status,: 99th Meeting of the American Academy of Otolaryngology. Head and Neck Surgery, New Orleans, USA1995Coser, P.L., Menon, A.D., Electrophysiological study of auditory pathways and the vestibular system in tumor pathology of the 8th cranial nerve and of the cerebellopontile angle (1981) Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol (Bord), 102 (5-6), pp. 239-24

Differences between FEV6, FVC and VC at the diagnosis of obstructive ventilatory defect

Introduction: The diagnosis of airway obstruction can be made through FEV1/FVC ratio <0.7 or FEV1/VC ratio < lower limit of normality (LLN). Several authors advocate that FEV1/FEV6 ratio is an alternative to diagnosing obstructive ventilatory defect, while others have determined that the best cut-off for this ratio (best combined sensitivity and specificity) is 0.73. Objective: To evaluate the non-inferiority of FEV1/FEV6 ratio < 0.73 when compared to FEV1/ FVC ratio < 0.7 and FEV1/VC < LLN in diagnosing airway obstruction. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the medical records from patients who underwent spirometry or plethysmography in a university central hospital from June 1st to December 31st, 2018 was carried out. Only medical records which included FEV1/FVC < 0.7 or FEV1/VC < LLN were selected, and these results were compared to FEV1/FEV6 ratio. Results: A total of 526 patients with obstructive ventilatory defect were identified by one of the two ratios described. Of these, 95.1%, 87.4% and 88.6% were obstructive by FEV1/FVC, FEV1/ VC, and FEV1/FEV6 ratio, respectively. The positive predictive value (PPV) of FEV1/FEV6 in relation to FEV1/FVC ratio was 99.6% (p < 0.001) with a diagnostic efficacy of 92.8%, whereas the PPV of FEV1/FEV6 in relation to FEV1/VC was 91.0% (p 70% (mild obstruction) and in individuals aged >50 years. Conclusions: FEV1/FEV6 < 0.73 may be a good alternative ratio, as it is non-inferior to FEV1/VC and FEV1/FVC in diagnosing obstructive ventilatory defect.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Relationship Between Fluoride Levels In The Public Water Supply And Dental Fluorosis

Objective: To assess the prevalence of dental flourosis among schoolchildren subjected to different fluoride concentrations in the public water supply of their cities. Methods: The sample comprised 386 seven-year-old schoolchildren living in two municipalities in the State of São Paulo that practiced external control over the fluoridation of the water from 1998 to 2002: one with homogenous fluoride concentration and the other with oscillating concentration. Dental fluorosis was determined by dry examination of the upper permanent incisors using Dean's index. Scores classified as questionable were considered to represent fluorosis. Sociodemographic variables and questions regarding oral health were assessed using a structured questionnaire sent to the children's parents or the adults responsible for these children. Correlates of fluorosis were assessed using multivariate logistic regression (p<0.05). Results: Both municipalities presented a mild degree of fluorosis. The prevalence of fluorosis in the municipality with oscillating fluoride content in the water was 31.4%, and it was 79.9% in the municipality with homogenous fluoride content. The prevalence of fluorosis was associated with the municipality with homogeneous fluoride levels in the water (OR=8.33, 95% CI: 5.15; 13.45) and with not owning a car (OR=2.10, 95% CI: 1.27;3.49). Conclusions: The prevalence of dental fluorosis was higher in the city with better control of fluoride levels in the water supply, however, this higher prevalence was not related with children's satisfaction with the appearance of their teeth.415732739Aoba, T., Fejerskov, O., Dental fluorosis: Chemistry and biology (2002) Crit Rev Oral Biol Med, 13 (2), pp. 155-170Bårdsen, A., Risk periods associated with the development of dental fluorosis in maxillary permanent central incisors: A meta-analysis (1999) Acta Odontol Scand, 57 (5), pp. 247-256Clark, D.C., Berkowitz, J., The influence of various fluoride exposures on the prevalence of esthetic problems resulting from dental fluorosis (1997) J Public Health Dent, 57 (3), pp. 144-149Clark, D.C., Hann, H.J., Williamson, M.F., Berkowitz, J., Influence of exposure to various fluoride technologies on the prevalence of dental (1994) Community Dent Oral Epidemiol, 22 (6), pp. 461-464Cypriano S, Sousa MLR, Rihs LB, Wada RS. Prevalência e severidade da fluorose dentária em Piracicaba, SP, Brasil. RPG Rev Pos Grad. 2004;11(1):67-73Evans, R.W., Stamm, J.W., An epidemiological estimate of the critical period during which human maxillary central incisors are most susceptible to fluorosis (1991) J Publ Health Dent, 51 (4), pp. 251-259Fejerskov, O., Manji, F., Baelum, V., The nature and mechanisms of dental fluorosis in man (1990) J Dent Res, p. 69. , Spec No:692-700Frazão, P., Peverari, A.C., Forni, T.I., Mota, A.G., Costa, L.R., Fluorose dentária: Comparação de dois estudos de prevalência (2004) Cad Saude Publica, 20 (4), pp. 1050-1058Horowitz, H.S., Grand Rapids: The public health story (1989) J Public Health Dent, 49 (1), pp. 62-63Hosmer, D.W., Lemeshow, S., (1989) Applied logistic regression, , New York: John Wiley & Sons;Mackay, T.D., Thomsom, W.M., Enamel defects and dental caries among Southland children (2005) N Z Dent J, 101 (2), pp. 35-43Maltz, M., Silva, B.B., Relação entre cárie, gengivite e fluorose e nível sócio-econômico em escolares (2001) Rev Saude Publica, 35 (2), pp. 170-176Narvai, P.C., Fluoretação da água: Heterocontrole no município de São Paulo no período de 1990-1999 (2000) Rev Bras Ondontol Saude Coletiva, 1 (2), pp. 50-56Nunn, J.H., Ekanayake, L., Rugg-Gunn, A.J., Saparamadu, K.D., Assessment of enamel opacities in children in Sri Lanka and England using a photographic method (1993) Community Dent Health, 10 (2), pp. 175-188Levantamento Epidemiológico básico de saúde bucal: Manual de instruções (1991) São Paulo: Editora, , Organização Mundial da Saúde, 3 ed, Santos;Tabari, E.D., Ellwood, R., Rugg-Gunn, A.J., Evans, D.J., Davies, R.M., Dental fluorosis in permanent incisor teeth in relation to water fluoridation, social deprivation and toothpaste use in infancy (2000) Br Dent J, 189 (4), pp. 216-220(1962) Public Health Service: Drinking water standards 1962, p. 956. , United States Public Health Service, Washington: Government Printing Office;, Public Health Service PublicationVan Nieuwenhuysen, J.P., Carvalho, J.C., D'Hoore, W., Caries reduction in Belgian 12-year-old children related to socioeconomic status (2002) Acta Odontol Scand, 60 (2), pp. 123-128(1997) Bucal health surveys: Basic methods, , World Health Organization, 4. ed. Geneva;World Health Organization. Fluorides and Oral Health. Geneva1994. (Who Technical Report Series, 846

The discontinuous nature of chromospheric activity evolution

Chromospheric activity has been thought to decay smoothly with time and, hence, to be a viable age indicator. Measurements in solar type stars in open clusters seem to point to a different conclusion: chromospheric activity undergoes a fast transition from Hyades level to that of the Sun after about 1 Gyr of main--sequence lifetime and any decaying trend before or after this transition must be much less significant than the short term variations.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Astrophysics and Space Scienc

Impacto da adubação orgânica sobre a incidência de tripes em cebola.

Analisou-se a relação entre adubação orgânica e a incidência de Thrips tabaci Lind. em cebola (Allium cepa L), na EE de Ituporanga,entre agosto e dezembro de 1998. Os tratamentos foram determinados de acordo com a necessidade de N para a cultura pela análise de solo. Empregou-se como fonte orgânica diversos adubos fornecendo 75 Kg/ha de N (esterco suíno; adubo Barriga Verde proveniente de esterco de aves; composto orgânico; esterco de peru; húmus); 37,5 Kg/ha de N (metade da dose normal com esterco de suíno); as testemunhas foram adubação mineral fornecendo 30-120-60 kg/ha de N-P2O5-K2O e o dobro da dose (60-240-120 kg/ha de N-P2O5-K2O); e testemunha sem adubação. Nenhum tratamento apresentou incidência de T. tabaci superior à testemunha sem adubo. A adubação mineral em relação à orgânica não favoreceu significativamente a incidência de T. tabaci . O processo de conversão do manejo do solo da área experimental de convencional para orgânico pode ter favorecido a infestação similar do inseto entre tratamentos. No período de maior incidência de T. tabaci, a relação com nutrientes foi descrita por um modelo envolvendo K/Zn, B e N de maneira positiva. A correlação entre nutrientes e T. tabaci não foi linear na maioria das avaliações. A adubação orgânica pode substituir a adubação mineral na cultura da cebola, pois foi possível atingir níveis de produtividade similares para ambos tratamentos