Suplementación dietética con aguas residuales de una fábrica productora de caramelo y su efecto sobre el crecimiento de cerdos destetados y componentes del eje de factores de crecimiento semejantes a insulina

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs -II and -III) in response to a 10% inclusion of caramel plant wastewater (CPWW) in weaning pig diets; the objective was to assess associations between those growthrelated proteins to feed intake (Fl) and body weight gain (BWG). Sixteen purebred Landrace piglets were randomly distributed among eight pens (a gilt and boar per pen) and assigned to one of two treatments: 0% (control) and 10% inclusion of CPWW. During four consecutive weeks, live weight and Fl were recorded. Blood samples were drawn by jugular venipuncture during the first, second, and third weeks of the experiment and serum levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-II and IGFBP-III were determined. Feed intake, BWG and feed efficiency (FE) were not affected (P > 0.05) by the addition of 10% CPWW tothe diet, nor was animal health status visibly affected. Serum IGF-I levels were higher in control animals (P < 0.05) and increased from d 14 to d 28 of the experimental period (P < 0.05). Weekly increases were observed for IGFBP- III (P < 0.05) whereas IGFBP-II circulating levels decreased from d 14 to d 28 of the post-weaning test period. Simple correlation analysis revealed that there was a positive association between circulating levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-III (r = 0.88; P < 0.0001). However, the opposite was observed between these two and IGFBP-II (r = -0.84, P < 0.0001; r = -0.67, P < 0.0025, respectively). The changes observed in circulating levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-III and IGFBP-II were associated with weekly increases in Fl and BWG that occurred during the entire experimental period (P < 0.05). Se realizó un experimento para determinar si la inclusión de un 10% de aguas residuales de una fábrica de caramelo (CPWW, por sus siglas en inglés) en la dieta de cerdos post-destete resulta en cambios en los niveles del factor de crecimiento semejante a insulina-l (IGF-I, por sus siglas en inglés) y proteínas fijadoras de IGF (IGFBPs-ll y -III, por sus siglas en inglés) en la sangre, y si éstos se asocian a diferencias en consumo de alimento (CA), ganancia en peso (GP), y eficiencia de conversión (EC). Dieciséis cerdos de raza Landrace se distribuyeron al azar entre ocho jaulas (una cerda y un cerdo por jaula) y se asignaron a uno de dos tratamientos: 0% (control) y 10% de inclusión de CPWW. Durante cuatro semanas consecutivas se registró el peso vivo y el consumo de alimento de los animales. Se recolectaron muestras de sangre a través de sangrado yugular durante la primera, segunda y tercera semana del experimento y se determinaron los niveles de IGF-I, IGFBP-II y IGFBP-III en el suero. No hubo efecto significativo de la adición de 10% CPWW en la dieta sobre CA, GP y EC (P > 0.05). Mediante apreciación visual se determinó que la inclusión de CPWW no tuvo efectos adversos en la salud de los animales. Los niveles de IGF-I fueron más altos para los animales control (P < 0.05) y aumentaron del día 14 al día 28 del periodo post-destete (P < 0.05). Se observó un aumento semanal en los niveles de IGFBP-III (P < 0.05), mientras que los niveles de IGFBP-II disminuyeron a partir del día 14 al día 28 (P < 0.05). El análisis de correlación simple reveló que existe una asociación positiva entre los niveles de IGF-I y IGFBP-III circulando en la sangre (r = 0.88; P < 0.0001). Sin embargo, se observó un efecto opuesto entre éstos y IGFBP-II (r = -0.84, P < 0.0001; r = -0.67, P < 0.0025, respectivamente). Los cambios observados en los niveles sanguíneos de IGF-I, IGFBP-III y IGFBP-II se asociaron a aumentos semanales en CA y GP que ocurrieron durante todo el periodo experimental (P < 0.05)

Indoor robot gardening: design and implementation

This paper describes the architecture and implementation of a distributed autonomous gardening system with applications in urban/indoor precision agriculture. The garden is a mesh network of robots and plants. The gardening robots are mobile manipulators with an eye-in-hand camera. They are capable of locating plants in the garden, watering them, and locating and grasping fruit. The plants are potted cherry tomatoes enhanced with sensors and computation to monitor their well-being (e.g. soil humidity, state of fruits) and with networking to communicate servicing requests to the robots. By embedding sensing, computation, and communication into the pots, task allocation in the system is de-centrally coordinated, which makes the system scalable and robust against the failure of a centralized agent. We describe the architecture of this system and present experimental results for navigation, object recognition, and manipulation as well as challenges that lie ahead toward autonomous precision agriculture with multi-robot teams.Swiss National Science Foundation (contract number PBEL2118737)United States. Army Research Office. Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI SWARMS project W911NF-05-1-0219)National Science Foundation (U.S.) (NSF IIS-0426838)Intel Corporation (EFRI 0735953 Intel)Massachusetts Institute of Technology (UROP program)Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MSRP program

‘We Learn Together’—Translanguaging within a Holistic Approach towards Multilingualism in Education

Within two multilingual education projects in the north of the Netherlands a holistic model for multilingualism in education is being tested. This is done through design-based interventions in which in- and pre-service teachers, teacher trainers and researchers co-develop and evaluate multilingual activities for different school types. Results show that through experimenting in a safe environment teachers gradually embraced their pupils’ multilingualism. This contradicts earlier findings on teachers strongly favouring monolingual instruction and viewing migrant languages as a deficit.<br/

Recent experimental probes of shear banding

Recent experimental techniques used to investigate shear banding are reviewed. After recalling the rheological signature of shear-banded flows, we summarize the various tools for measuring locally the microstructure and the velocity field under shear. Local velocity measurements using dynamic light scattering and ultrasound are emphasized. A few results are extracted from current works to illustrate open questions and directions for future research.Comment: Review paper, 23 pages, 11 figures, 204 reference

Manuales de capacitación Jesús Médico

Reporte final del Proyecto de Aplicación Profesional realizado en Jesús Médico, empresa dedicada a la homeopatía, naturismo y a la venta de fórmulas para tratar diversos padecimientos. El trabajo consistió en la elaboración de dos manuales de capacitación para sus empleados. Dichos manuales cubren los temas necesarios para que cualquier colaborador de la empresa pueda leerlo y entender claramente qué es lo que se espera de su trabajo. El proyecto se realizó en las instalaciones de Jesús Médico en colaboración con la gerente, quien brindó apoyo con la información necesaria y con ideas para cubrir las necesidades de la empresa

Micellar self-assembly, bridging and gelling behaviour of two reverse triblock poly(butylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(butylene oxide) copolymers with lengthy hydrophilic blocks

Triblock polyethyelene oxide-polybutylene oxide-based block copolymers overcome some of the synthetic drawbacks of commercially available Pluronic block copolymers as well as providing a more hydrophobic environment to solubilise poorly aqueous-soluble compounds. These facts can be exploited to use this class of copolymers as efficient drug delivery nanocarriers (A. Camb�n et al., Int. J. Pharm., 2013, 445, 47-57), and their interactions with biologically relevant entities and biological performance should be regulated by the nature, conformation and state of the copolymeric chains. For this reason, in this work we investigated the self-assembly process of two of these reverse triblock poly(butylene oxide)-poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(butylene oxide) block copolymers, BO8EO90BO8 and BO20EO411BO20, to obtain a clear picture of their self-assembly behaviour in order to correlate it with their biological performance. As a consequence of their particular structure, BO20EO411BO20 possesses a rich rheological behavior characterized by the formation of flower-like micelles (ca. 10 to 30 nm in size) and intermicellar bridging at low copolymer concentrations, as shown by atomic force microscopy and rheology data. Conversely, BO8EO90BO8 displays a behaviour more similar to that observed for diblock EOmBOm and direct triblock EOmBOnEOn copolymers, with single non-associated micelles at low concentrations, and a flow behaviour typical of mesoscopic ordered cubic structures. Strikingly, the relatively wide Poisson distribution of the copolymeric chains makes the present copolymers behave also rather distinctly to conventional associative thickeners. � The Royal Society of Chemistry 2014