Shp-2 is critical for ERK and metabolic engagement downstream of IL-15 receptor in NK cells.

The phosphatase Shp-2 was implicated in NK cell development and functions due to its interaction with NK inhibitory receptors, but its exact role in NK cells is still unclear. Here we show, using mice conditionally deficient for Shp-2 in the NK lineage, that NK cell development and responsiveness are largely unaffected. Instead, we find that Shp-2 serves mainly to enforce NK cell responses to activation by IL-15 and IL-2. Shp-2-deficient NK cells have reduced proliferation and survival when treated with high dose IL-15 or IL-2. Mechanistically, Shp-2 deficiency hampers acute IL-15 stimulation-induced raise in glycolytic and respiration rates, and causes a dramatic defect in ERK activation. Moreover, inhibition of the ERK and mTOR cascades largely phenocopies the defect observed in the absence of Shp-2. Together, our data reveal a critical function of Shp-2 as a molecular nexus bridging acute IL-15 signaling with downstream metabolic burst and NK cell expansion

Privacy concerns versus personalisation benefits in social robot acceptance by employees: A paradox theory — Contingency perspective

Acceptance of automation has been a challenge for over a century now. There are several success stories but there are also many failures. Studies exploring robots also go back many decades. Recent technological developments made science fiction movies a reality and we started seeing social robots emerging. This study explored acceptance of social robots by developing an argument that incorporates an individual-level, paradoxical nature of privacy and personalisation into the existing technology acceptance theory. The study accomplished its goals by focusing on employees working in care-providing organisations. The results indicated that both privacy concerns and service personalisation benefits independently and interdependently predict intention to use social robots at work. We also found that an employee\u27s intention to use a social robot is highly dependent on her paradox mindset on both personalisation benefits and privacy concerns