Association between underweight and overweight/obesity with oral health among independently living Brazilian elderly

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Objective: Poor oral status, represented by partial/complete tooth loss, may lead to changes in food choice, which may ultimately lead to underweight, overweight, or obesity. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether poor oral status is associated with underweight or overweight/obesity, regardless of physical activity. Methods: This cross-sectional study is part of a major project, The Frailty in Brazilian Elderly Study, carried out in Campinas, Brazil (2008-2009). The sample was composed of 900 independent-living older adults. Complete data were available for 875 individuals including sociodemographic, self-reported amount of medications used and eating difficulty questionnaire, smoking habit, depressive symptoms, physical activity, oral examination, and anthropometric assessments according to the WHO criteria. Body mass index was used as an outcome. Multinomial logistic regression was adjusted for confounding variables. Results: The mean age of the sample was 72.7 y (+/- 5.81) and the prevalence of edentulism was 47.7%. Edentate individuals not wearing dentures were more likely to be underweight [odds ratio (OR) = 3.94,95% confidence interval (CI) 1.14-13.641 and overweight/obese (OR = 2.88, 95%0 1.12-7.40). Males (OR = 0.56, 95%CI 0.36-0.85) and those not using medications (OR = 0.41 95%CI 0.24-0.70) were less likely to be overweight/obese. Individuals who smoke (OR = 2.62, 95%CI 1.26-5.44) were more likely to be underweight. Older individuals with family income between 3.1 and 5 minimum wage (OR = 1.69, 95%CI 1.00-2.87) were more likely to be overweight/obese. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies associating poor oral health, represented by edentulism not rehabilitated with dentures, with unfavorable body mass, regardless of the two major confounders, physical activity and depression symptoms. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.291152157Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)FAPESP [2009/51455-2]CNPq [555082-2006/7

Abordagem da Violência contra a Mulher no Ensino Médico: um Relato de Experiência

ABSTRACT The following article is an experience report on the incorporation of the theme of violence against women in the medical curriculum. The objectives of this study were to describe the theoretical framework of the theme of violence against women and to identify the learning activities acquired by students. The module activities were developed throughout 10 weekly meetings with groups of 12 students, and are as follows: (a) read a study case of a woman in a violent situation and perform a literature review; (b) conduct visits to Primary Health Care Services and a Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance; (c) systematize theoretical and practical data for strategic planning; and (d) present the activities developed to other student groups. At the end of the module, four relevant learning activities were identified in terms of women’s health: (a) the influence of socio-cultural and psychosocial phenomena in the health-disease process; (b) the importance of comprehensive care; (c) the Family Health Strategy as a facilitator in detecting and monitoring cases; and (d) violence against women as a relevant public health problem in the medical curriculum and training.RESUMO Trata-se de um relato de experiência sobre a incorporação do tema da violência contra a mulher no ensino médico. O objetivo do estudo foi descrever as correntes teóricas explicativas da violência contra a mulher e as formas de intervenção apreendidas pelos estudantes. Foram realizados dez encontros semanais com um grupo de 12 estudantes e desenvolvidas as seguintes atividades: (a) leitura de um caso de uma mulher em situação de violência, busca na literatura científica; (b) visitas a serviços de atenção primária à saúde e ao Centro de Referência Especializado de Assistência Social; (c) sistematização dos dados teóricos e práticos para construção do planejamento estratégico; (d) apresentação das atividades realizadas aos demais grupos de alunos. Ao final do módulo, destacou-se o aprendizado de quatro aspectos importantes das implicações do tema para a saúde das mulheres: (a) influência dos fenômenos socioculturais e psicossociais no processo saúde-doença; (b) importância da integralidade no atendimento; (c) a estratégia de saúde da família como facilitadora na detecção e acompanhamento dos casos; (d) violência contra a mulher como um problema de saúde pública pertinente na formação médica