681 research outputs found
Combined Effects of Long-Term Sitting and Whole-Body Vibration on Discomfort Onset for Vehicle Occupants
Occupants of automobiles experience discomfort after long drives, irrespective of how well designed a seat might be. Previous studies of discomfort during driving have focused either on the seat shape and materials (“static” properties), long-term discomfort (“fatigue” properties), or dynamics (“vibration” properties). These factors have previously not been considered together. This paper reports three studies with objectives to define and test a model for describing long-term discomfort from vibration. Study 1 was an independent measures laboratory trial using an automobile seat, which lasted 80 minutes; Study 2 was a repeated measures laboratory trial using a rail passenger seat, which lasted 60 minutes; Study 3 was a repeated measures field trial in a people carrier automobile, which involved 70 minutes of travelling. The findings showed that discomfort accrues with time but that more discomfort is experienced when subjects are also exposed to whole-body vibration. Exposure to whole-body vibration accelerates development of discomfort. The relationship between the reported discomfort, the vibration magnitude, and the exposure time can be described using a multifactorial linear model. It is concluded that ignoring parts of the multi-factorial model (i.e., static, dynamic, or temporal factors) will compromise understanding of discomfort in context
Which activities threaten independent living of elderly when becoming problematic : inspiration for meaningful service robot functionality
Purpose: In light of the increasing elderly population and the growing demand for home care, the potential of robot support is given increasing attention. In this paper, an inventory of activities was made that threaten independent living of elderly when becoming problematic. Results will guide the further development of an existing service robot, the Care-O-bot®. Method: A systematic literature search of PubMed was performed, focused on the risk factors for institutionalization. Additionally, focus group sessions were conducted in the Netherlands, United Kingdom and France. In these focus group sessions, problematic activities threatening the independence of elderly people were discussed. Three separate target groups were included in the focus group sessions: (1) elderly persons (n = 41), (2) formal caregivers (n = 40) and (3) informal caregivers (n = 32). Results: Activities within the International Classification of Functioning domains mobility, self-care, and interpersonal interaction and relationships were found to be the most problematic. Conclusions: A distinct set of daily activities was identified that may threaten independent living, but no single activity could be selected as the main activity causing a loss of independence as it is often a combination of problematic activities that is person-specific. Supporting the problematic activities need not involve a robotic solution Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/17483107.2013.840861Peer reviewe
Evaluation of personalised, one-to-one interaction using Montessori-type activities as a treatment of challenging behaviours in people with dementia: the study protocol of a crossover trial
Social media for physiotherapy clinics: considerations in creating a Facebook page
Social media websites play a prominent role in modern society, and the most popular of these websites is Facebook. Increasingly, physiotherapy clinics have begun to utilize Facebook in order to create pages to publicize their services. There are many factors to consider in the planning, implementing, and maintenance of Facebook pages for physiotherapy clinics, including ethical and privacy issues. The primary purpose of creating a page must be clearly defined, with dedicated clinicians given adequate time to manage the page. This technical article discusses these factors and summarizes the experiences at the University of Otago, New Zealand, in creating a Facebook page for the physiotherapy clinic and provides suggestions for physiotherapy clinicians in operating a Facebook page
Efficient coupling of photons to a single molecule and the observation of its resonance fluorescence
Single dye molecules at cryogenic temperatures display many spectroscopic
phenomena known from free atoms and are thus promising candidates for
fundamental quantum optical studies. However, the existing techniques for the
detection of single molecules have either sacrificed the information on the
coherence of the excited state or have been inefficient. Here we show that
these problems can be addressed by focusing the excitation light near to the
absorption cross section of a molecule. Our detection scheme allows us to
explore resonance fluorescence over 9 orders of magnitude of excitation
intensity and to separate its coherent and incoherent parts. In the strong
excitation regime, we demonstrate the first observation of the Mollow triplet
from a single solid-state emitter. Under weak excitation we report the
detection of a single molecule with an incident power as faint as 150 attoWatt,
paving the way for studying nonlinear effects with only a few photons.Comment: 6 figure
A manifestly MHV Lagrangian for N=4 Yang-Mills
We derive a manifestly MHV Lagrangian for the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills
theory in light-cone superspace. This is achieved by constructing a canonical
redefinition which maps the N=4 superfield and its conjugate to a new pair of
superfields. In terms of these new superfields the N=4 Lagrangian takes a
(non-polynomial) manifestly MHV form, containing vertices involving two
superfields of negative helicity and an arbitrary number of superfields of
positive helicity. We also discuss constraints satisfied by the new
superfields, which ensure that they describe the correct degrees of freedom in
the N=4 supermultiplet. We test our derivation by showing that an expansion of
our superspace Lagrangian in component fields reproduces the correct gluon MHV
vertices.Comment: 37 pages, 1 figure. v2: minor changes, references adde
High-sensitivity diamond magnetometer with nanoscale resolution
We present a novel approach to the detection of weak magnetic fields that
takes advantage of recently developed techniques for the coherent control of
solid-state electron spin quantum bits. Specifically, we investigate a magnetic
sensor based on Nitrogen-Vacancy centers in room-temperature diamond. We
discuss two important applications of this technique: a nanoscale magnetometer
that could potentially detect precession of single nuclear spins and an optical
magnetic field imager combining spatial resolution ranging from micrometers to
millimeters with a sensitivity approaching few femtotesla/Hz.Comment: 29 pages, 4 figure
Generating MHV super-vertices in light-cone gauge
We constructe the SYM lagrangian in light-cone gauge using
chiral superfields instead of the standard vector superfield approach and
derive the MHV lagrangian. The canonical transformations of the gauge field and
gaugino fields are summarised by the transformation condition of chiral
superfields. We show that MHV super-vertices can be described
by a formula similar to that of the MHV super-amplitude. In the
discussions we briefly remark on how to derive Nair's formula for
SYM theory directly from light-cone lagrangian.Comment: 25 pages, 7 figures, JHEP3 style; v2: references added, some typos
corrected; Clarification on the condition used to remove one Grassmann
variabl
A case of unilateral keloid after bilateral breast reduction
Keloid scar is a manifestation of abnormal wound healing in predisposed individuals. Many treatment modalities have been tried with varying degrees of success. Radiotherapy is one such modality that is widely recognised. We present a case report and literature review based on a patient who developed unilateral keloid scarring following bilateral breast reduction surgery. Some 4 years previously, she had undergone breast conserving surgery followed by adjuvant radiotherapy for breast cancer. After her breast reduction surgery, she developed keloid scarring on the non-irradiated breast only. This case highlights a possible 'preventative' effect of radiotherapy in keloid formation
Large infrapatellar ganglionic cyst of the knee fat pad: a case report and review of the literature
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Large ganglionic cystic formations arising from the infrapatellar fat pad are quite uncommon and only a few are mentioned in the literature. An open excision in these cases is mandatory.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We report the case of a large infrapatellar fat pad ganglion in a 37-year-old Greek man with chronic knee discomfort. The ganglionic cyst originated from the infrapatellar fat pad and had no intrasynovial extension. The final diagnosis was determined with magnetic resonance imaging of the knee, and the lesion was treated with surgery.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>These lesions are asymptomatic in most cases but often are misdiagnosed as meniscal or ligamentous lesions of the knee joint. Nowadays, the therapeutic trend for such lesions is arthroscopic excision, but when there is a large ganglion, as in this case report, the treatment should be an open and thorough resection. This report is intended mostly but not exclusively for clinical physicians and radiologists.</p
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