Composite Hollow Truss With Multiple Vierendeel Panels [treliça Tubular Mista Com Múltiplos Painéis Vierendeel]

The aim of this study was to evaluate through analytical calculation, two-dimensional elastic modeling, and three-dimensional plastic modeling, the bearing capacity and failure modes of composite hollow trusses bi-supported with a 15 meter span, varying the number of central Vierendeel panels. The study found the proportion span/3 - span/3 - span/3, as the ideal relationship for the truss - Vierendeel - truss lengths, because by increasing the proportion of the length occupied by the central Vierendeel panels, the new system loses stiffness and no longer supports the load stipulated in the project. Furthermore, they can start presenting excessive vertical displacements and insufficient resistance to external shear forces acting on the panels.664431438(2005) Ansys version 10.0-basic analysis procedure, , ANSYS INC, Houston, PA, United States(2003) NBR 6118-Projeto de estruturas de concreto-procedimento, , ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS (ABNT), Rio de Janeiro: ABNT-Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas(2008) NBR 8800-Projeto de estruturas de aço e de estruturas mistas de aço e concreto de edifícios, p. 237. , ASSOCIAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS (ABNT), Rio de Janeiro: ABNT-Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas(2001) CAN/CSA-S16-01 Limit states design of steel structures, p. 167. , CANADIAN STANDARDS ASSOCIATION (CSA), Mississauga, OntarioClawson, W.C., Darwin, D., Strenght of composite beams at web openings (1982) Journal of the Structural Division-ASCE, 108, pp. 623-641. , marChien, E.Y.L., Ritchie, J.K., (1984) Design and construction of composite floor systems, , Canadian Institute of Steel Construction, 323p(2005) EN 1993-1-8:2005. Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures-Part 1-8: Design of joints, p. 135. , EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION (ECS), BrusselsLawson, R.M., (1987) Design for openings in the webs of composite beams-SCI-P-068-CIRIA Special Publication 51, p. 44. , Ascot, UK: Steel Construction InstituteLawson, R.M., Hicks, S.J., (2011) Design of composite beams with large web openings-SCI-P-355, p. 116. , Ascot, UK: The Steel Construction InstituteMartha, L.F., (2008) Ftool-two-dimensional frame analysis tool-versão educacional 2.12, , http://www.tecgraf.puc-rio.br/ftoll, Rio de Janeiro: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro. 2008. Disponível em, Acesso em 19 abr(2010) A solução definitiva em lajes, p. 8. , METFORM, BetimSamarra, F.A., Requena, J.A.V., Júnior, N.O.P., Análise numérica-experimental de treliças tubulares planas para coberturas padronizadas para grandes vãos (2012) REM-Revista Escola de Minas, 65 (4), pp. 459-466Silva, A.O.B., (2013) Treliça tubular mista com múltiplos painéis Vierendeel, p. 339. , Campinas: Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade de Campinas, (Tese de Doutorado)Tide, R.H.R., Galambos, T.V., Composite open-web steel joists (1970) Engineering Journal (American Institute of Steel Construction), 7 (1), pp. 27-3

Gravitational Collapse in Higher Dimensional Husain Space-Time

We investigate exact solution in higher dimensional Husain model for a null fluid source with pressure $p$ and density $\rho$ are related by the following relations (i) $p=k\rho$, (ii) $p=k\rho-\frac{B(v)}{\rho^{\alpha}}$ (variable modified Chaplygin) and (iii) $p=k\rho^{\alpha}$ (polytropic). We have studied the nature of singularity in gravitational collapse for the above equations of state and also for different choices of the of the parameters $k$ and $B$ namely, (i) $k=0$, $B=$ constant (generalized Chaplygin), (ii) $B=$ constant (modified Chaplygin). It is found that the nature of singularity is independent of these choices of different equation of state except for variable Chaplygin model. Choices of various parameters are shown in tabular form. Finally, matching of Szekeres model with exterior Husain space-time is done.Comment: 12 latex pages, No figure, RevTex styl

On the reliability of a simple method for scoring phenotypes to estimate heritability: A case study with pupal color in Heliconius erato phyllis, Fabricius 1775 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

In this paper, two methods for assessing the degree of melanization of pupal exuviae from the butterfly Heliconius erato phyllis, Fabricius 1775 (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Heliconiini) are compared. In the first method, which was qualitative, the exuviae were classified by scoring the degree of melanization, whereas in the second method, which was quantitative, the exuviae were classified by optical density followed by analysis with appropriate software. The heritability (h2) of the degree of melanization was estimated by regression and analysis of variance. The estimates of h 2 were similar with both methods, indicating that the qualitative method could be particularly suitable for field work. The low estimates obtained for heritability may have resulted from the small sample size (n = 7-18 broods, including the parents) or from the allocation-priority hypothesis in which pupal color would be a lower priority trait compared to morphological traits and adequate larval development