Characterization and inhibitory activity of chitosan on hyphae growth and morphology of Botrytis cinerea plant pathogen

Summary. Low and high molecular weight chitosan were tested in different concentrations and growth times with the aim to evaluate the inhibitory activity against Botrytis cinerea, a very important plant pathogen. Tested chitosans were characterized by vibratory spectroscopy and elementary analyzes to determine the deacetylation degree. In addiction molar mass was estimated by viscosity measuring. Scanning electron microscopy was utilized for antimicrobial activity observation. Results showed that both chitosans markedly inhibited fungal growth, which was effected by incubation time and chitosan concentration. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that chitosan induced changes in surface morphology. The present study show that chitosan is capable of inhibit the growth and cause serious damage to the cell structure of the B. cinerea, as well as have the ability to form an impervious layer around the cell. Therefore, chitosan could be considered as a potential alternative for synthetic fungicides. Industrial relevance. Ultrastructural analysis showed that chitosan is capable of causing serious damage to the cell structure of the B. cinerea, as well as have the ability to form an impervious layer around the cell. Chitosan could inhibit the growth of B. cinerea in vitro and consequently may be considered as a potential alternative in replacement of synthetic fungicides.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

ANÁLISE DA GESTÃO AMBIENTAL DE UMA MINERADORA DE CALCÁRIO

O município de Caçapava do Sul responde pela maior parte da produção de calcário do estado do Rio Grande do Sul. O calcário, amplamente utilizado como corretivo da acidez do solo é extraído através do método de lavra em mina a céu aberto. A mineração de calcário é o principal setor responsável pela economia do município, gerando uma quantidade significativa de empregos. Deste modo, torna-se de grande importância a identificação e o controle dos impactos que este setor provoca no meio ambiente, garantindo assim um ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado para as futuras gerações. O presente trabalho objetivou compreender os aspectos gerais da produção de calcário, avaliando as pressões ambientais, ações de gerenciamento e gestão ambiental da empresa. Para isto, foram realizadas visitas ao local, aplicação de questionários, utilização das ferramentas FMEA e 5S além de consultas a legislação vigente. Conclui-se que a mineradora apresenta ações de gerenciamento ambiental e está de acordo com as exigências estabelecidas pelo órgão ambiental competente

Acompanhamento da Implementação do AEE Colaborativo em São Paulo para a Promoção da Educação Inclusiva

ResumoAtualmente, a Educação Especial Paulistana encontra-se na Perspectiva da Educação Inclusiva nas Escolas Regulares do Município de São Paulo, nesta realidade o atendimento dos educandos com deficiência é prioritariamente nas salas regulares e com o direito ao Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE). O AEE Colaborativo surge ancorado no Decreto 57.379 de 2016 que foi regulamentado pela Portaria nº 8.764 do mesmo ano. O AEE Colaborativo é uma ação de corresponsabilidade, que visa planejar, intervir e avaliar conjuntamente, estruturando num único planejamento práxis didáticas e metodológicas, cujo objetivo comum visa a quebra de barreiras a fim de efetivar a plena participação e acesso ao currículo do educando com deficiência. De concepção provinda da Convenção da ONU dos Direitos da Pessoa com Deficiência, na perspectiva em que o educando é reconhecido como único e tem respeitado seu desenvolvimento potencial

Granulomatous Reactivation during the Course of a Leprosy Infection: Reaction or Relapse

Leprosy is a serious infectious disease whose treatment still poses some challenges. Patients are usually treated with a combination of antimicrobial drugs called multidrug therapy. Although this treatment is effective against Mycobacterium leprae, the bacillus that causes leprosy, patients may develop severe inflammatory reactions during treatment. These reactions may be either attributed to an improvement in the immunological reactivity of the patient along with the treatment, or to relapse of the disease due to the proliferation of remaining bacilli. In certain patients these two conditions may be difficult to differentiate. The present study addresses the histopathology picture of and the M. leprae bacilli in sequential biopsies taken from lesions of patients who presented such reactions aiming to improve the differentiation of the two conditions. This is important because these reactions are one of the major causes of the disabilities of the patients with leprosy, and should be treated early and appropriately. Our results show that the histopathology picture alone is not sufficient, and that bacilli's counting is necessary

On the methodological unification in electroencephalography

BACKGROUND: This paper presents results of a pursuit of a repeatable and objective methodology of analysis of the electroencephalographic (EEG) time series. METHODS: Adaptive time-frequency approximations of EEG are discussed in the light of the available experimental and theoretical evidence, and applicability in various experimental and clinical setups. RESULTS: Four lemmas and three conjectures support the following conclusion. CONCLUSION: Adaptive time-frequency approximations of signals unify most of the univariate computational approaches to EEG analysis, and offer compatibility with its traditional (visual) analysis, used in clinical applications