Learning Dynamical Demand Response Model in Real-Time Pricing Program

Price responsiveness is a major feature of end use customers (EUCs) that participate in demand response (DR) programs, and has been conventionally modeled with static demand functions, which take the electricity price as the input and the aggregate energy consumption as the output. This, however, neglects the inherent temporal correlation of the EUC behaviors, and may result in large errors when predicting the actual responses of EUCs in real-time pricing (RTP) programs. In this paper, we propose a dynamical DR model so as to capture the temporal behavior of the EUCs. The states in the proposed dynamical DR model can be explicitly chosen, in which case the model can be represented by a linear function or a multi-layer feedforward neural network, or implicitly chosen, in which case the model can be represented by a recurrent neural network or a long short-term memory unit network. In both cases, the dynamical DR model can be learned from historical price and energy consumption data. Numerical simulation illustrated how the states are chosen and also showed the proposed dynamical DR model significantly outperforms the static ones.Comment: Accepted to IEEE ISGT NA 201

Single scalar top production with polarized beams in ep collisions at HERA

From the point of view of the R-parity breaking supersymmetric model, we propose a scalar top (stop) search with longitudinally polarized electron (e-) and positron(e+) beams which will soon be available at the upgraded HERA. Fully polarized e- or e+ beams could produce the stop two times as much as unpolarized beams, while they increase background events due to the process of the standard model by about 30% in comparison with unpolarized ones. We show that right-handed e+ beams at HERA is efficient to produce the stop in the model. With 1 fb**(-1) of integrated luminosity we estimate reach in the coupling constant lambda'(131) for masses of the stop in the range 160-400 GeV. We can set a 95% confidence-level exclusion limit for lambda'(131) > 0.01-0.05 in the stop mass range of 240-280 GeV if no singal of the stop is observed. We also point out that y(=Q**2/sx) distributions of e+ coming from the stop shows the different behavior from those of the standard model.Comment: 12 pages, 6 eps figure

Is a high PTP_T muon of the e+p→μ+Xe^+p \to \mu^+ X event observed at HERA a signature of the stop?

We investigate the $e^+p \to \mu^+ X$ event with high transverse momenta observed at HERA (H1) and show that this event could be interpreted as a signature of the single production of the scalar top quark in a supersymmetric model with $R$-parity breaking interactions. The event topology of the H1 event is rather characteristic and in fact it can be simulated by our specific scenario if we reasonably choose our model parameters to be ({\romannumeral 1}) $m_{{\widetilde{d}},{\widetilde{b}}, {\widetilde{\nu}}}$ ${{\stackrel{>}{\sim}}}$ $1$TeV [$0.8$TeV] for ${\lambda'_{131}}$ $=$ $0.1$ [$0.05$] and ({\romannumeral 2}) $m_{{\widetilde{W}}_{1}}$ ${{\stackrel{<}{\sim}}}$ $150$GeV, $100$GeV ${{\stackrel{<}{\sim}}}$ $m_{{\widetilde{t}}_1}$ ${{\stackrel{<}{\sim}}}$ $200$GeV and ${\lambda'_{131}}$ ${{\stackrel{>}{\sim}}}$ $0.05$.Comment: 8 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures (included in a separate .uu file

Single Sbottom/Scharm Production at HERA in an R-Parity Breaking Supersymmetric Model

We investigate the production process of the single scalar bottom quark (sbottom) and scalar charm quark (scharm) at HERA. The sbottom and scharm could be produced via an R-parity breaking interactions $\lambda'_{123} \neq 0$ in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). These processes give a slight excess in the invariant mass $M_{eq}$ distribution of the high $Q^2$ deep inelastic scattering for sufficiently heavy gauginos and the scalar top (stop). For the light gauginos and stop, it is shown that the tagging of $b/c$-quarks and charged leptons with high transverse energies will be indispensable to search for the processes.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures Added reference

Functional tooth number and mortality

Aim: Previous studies on the association between intraoral conditions and mortality in community-dwelling older individuals reported that fewer present teeth (PT) are significant risk factors for mortality. However, how the number of PT relative to the number of functional teeth (FT), including both present and rehabilitated teeth, influences mortality has not been investigated fully. This study examined the impact of the number of FT on mortality among community-dwelling Japanese older adults. Methods: This study was a retrospective, observational and population-based follow-up study, which examined 1188 older individuals who participated in an annual geriatric health examination from 2009 to 2015. The average follow-up period was 1697.0 ± 774.5 days. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at follow-up. The numbers of PT and FT of each participant were counted during an oral examination. In addition, demographics, clinical variables, blood nutrient markers, physical functions and perceived masticatory function were measured. Results: Kaplan–Meier analysis, followed by a log-rank test, revealed that fewer PT (P < 0.001) and FT (P = 0.002) were significantly associated with a reduced survival rate. Cox's proportional hazard analysis indicated that the number of FT, but not the number of PT, was a significant independent mortality risk factor after adjusting for demographics, clinical variables, nutrient markers and physical functioning (P = 0.036, hazard ratio: 2.089). Conclusions: Current results suggest that the number of FT more strongly predicts all-cause mortality than the number of PT among community-dwelling older adults. Further studies are necessary to consider the confounding of socioeconomic status and disability status