8,058 research outputs found
Speech Dereverberation Based on Integrated Deep and Ensemble Learning Algorithm
Reverberation, which is generally caused by sound reflections from walls,
ceilings, and floors, can result in severe performance degradation of acoustic
applications. Due to a complicated combination of attenuation and time-delay
effects, the reverberation property is difficult to characterize, and it
remains a challenging task to effectively retrieve the anechoic speech signals
from reverberation ones. In the present study, we proposed a novel integrated
deep and ensemble learning algorithm (IDEA) for speech dereverberation. The
IDEA consists of offline and online phases. In the offline phase, we train
multiple dereverberation models, each aiming to precisely dereverb speech
signals in a particular acoustic environment; then a unified fusion function is
estimated that aims to integrate the information of multiple dereverberation
models. In the online phase, an input utterance is first processed by each of
the dereverberation models. The outputs of all models are integrated
accordingly to generate the final anechoic signal. We evaluated the IDEA on
designed acoustic environments, including both matched and mismatched
conditions of the training and testing data. Experimental results confirm that
the proposed IDEA outperforms single deep-neural-network-based dereverberation
model with the same model architecture and training data
Synthesis of CuInSe2 thin films from electrodeposited Cu11In9 precursors by two-step annealing
In this study, copper indium selenide (CIS) films were synthesized from electrodeposited Cu-In-Se precursors by two-step annealing. The agglomeration phenomenon of the electrodeposited In layer usually occurred on the Cu surface. A thermal process was adopted to turn Cu-In precursors into uniform Cu11In9 binary compounds. After deposition of the Se layer, annealing was employed to form chalcopyrite CIS. However, synthesis of CIS from Cu11In9 requires sufficient thermal energy. Annealing temperature and time were investigated to grow high quality CIS film. Various electrodeposition conditions were investigated to achieve the proper atomic ratio of CIS. The properties of the CIS films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectra
Probing Transverse Momentum Dependent Structures with Azimuthal Dependence of Energy Correlators
We study the azimuthal angle dependence of the energy-energy correlators
in the
back-to-back region for annihilation and deep inelastic scattering
(DIS) processes with general polarization of the proton beam. We demonstrate
that the polarization information of the beam and the underlying partons from
the hard scattering is propagated into the azimuthal angle dependence of the
energy-energy correlators. In the process, we define the Collins-type EEC jet
functions and introduce a new EEC observable using the lab-frame angles in the
DIS process. Furthermore, we extend our formalism to explore the two-point
energy correlation between hadrons with different quantum numbers
in the back-to-back limit .
We find that in the Operator Product Expansion (OPE) region the nonperturbative
information is entirely encapsulated by a single number. Using our formalism,
we present several phenomenological studies that showcase how energy
correlators can be used to probe transverse momentum dependent structures.Comment: 36 pages, 7 figure
The Sivers Asymmetry in Hadronic Dijet Production
We study the single spin asymmetry in the back-to-back dijet production in
transversely polarized proton-proton collisions. Such an asymmetry is generated
by the Sivers functions in the incoming polarized proton. We propose a QCD
formalism in terms of the transverse momentum dependent parton distribution
functions, which allow us to resum the large logarithms that arise in the
perturbative calculations. We make predictions for the Sivers asymmetry of
hadronic dijet production at the kinematic region that is relevant to the
experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We further compute
the spin asymmetries in the selected positive and negative jet charge bins, to
separate the contributions from - and -quark Sivers functions. We find
that both the sign and size of our numerical results are roughly consistent
with the preliminary results from the STAR collaboration at the RHIC.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, section on polarized hard functions
rewritten and numerics updated, additional clarification and references adde
Collins-type Energy-Energy Correlators and Nucleon Structure
We generalize the conventional Energy-Energy Correlator (EEC) to include the
azimuthal angle dependence, so to define azimuthal angle dependent EEC
observables. We study this new EEC observable in and semi-inclusive
deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS). In the back-to-back region, we find that the
azimuthal angle dependent EEC is sensitive to both the unpolarized EEC jet
function and a Collins-type EEC jet function. While the unpolarized EEC jet
function is related to the unpolarized transverse momentum dependent (TMD)
fragmentation function, the Collins-type EEC jet function is connected with the
Collins fragmentation function. We further demonstrate how the new observables
allow us to access to the 3D structure of nucleons, especially the
spin-dependent ones.Comment: Presented at DIS2023: XXX International Workshop on Deep-Inelastic
Scattering and Related Subjects, Michigan State University, USA, 27-31 March
202
Discussion on the Relevance of Old Low-lying Land Reclamation and Soil Liquefaction
Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchive
On the English Learning with NNS-NNS Pair Work Format in “EZ TALK” Program
[[abstract]]Since the late 20th century globalization has become a worldwide trend and English is by far the
language of choice for international communications. Hence, learning English as a lingua franca (ELF)
is a pressing issue for many non-English-speaking countries. In response to this issue the program “EZ
TALK,” pairs international graduate students on campus with domestic college students in an informal
setting to engage in casual conversations in English in a NNS-NNS (non native speaker of English) pair
work format. It provides the participants with a simulated environment where English is the only way
to communicate, and thus encourages participants to practice oral communication skills.
The objectives of this study aim to explore the learning attitudes of the participants and to
measure the program effectiveness in improving their oral communication skills. Through quantitative
research methods this study found that most “EZ TALK” participants had a clear focus on developing
the skills of English listening and speaking when coming into the program, but with certain learning
preferences and difficulties. This study also showed that the program was effective as an extracurricular
aid in improving the oral communications skill of the participants. Based on the research results,
specific suggestions are provided for further improvement of the “EZ TALK” program design
Synergistic anti-atherosclerotic effect of Yerba Maté (Illex Paraguariensis) polyphenols and Lox-1 silencing in foam cell model
Purpose: To elucidate the anti-atherosclerotic effect of Yerba Mate polyphenols (MP) as well as the anti-atherosclerotic effect of a combination of MP and silencing of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 interference group (LOX)-1.Methods: The anti-atherosclerotic effects of control group (CG), simvastatin group (SG), MP group (MP), LOX-1 interference group (LOX) and MP + LOX-1 interference group (MP-LOX) were determined using Oil Red O staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot assay.Results: The levels of foam cells, intracellular lipids, viz, total cholesterol (TC), free cholesterol (FC), cholesterol ester (CE) and acyl-coenzyme A: cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1); LOX-1, inflammation (TNF-alpha, IL-6 and pNF-κB/NF-κB); adhesion molecular status (ICAM-1 and VCAM-1), and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in SG and in MP, LOX and MP-LOX groups were significantly decreased, when compared with CG (p < 0.01). The levels of these parameters were much lower in MPLOX group than in SG (p < 0.01). However, they were synergistically reduced in MP-LOX group, relative to MP group or LOX group (p < 0.01). Combination of LOX-1 gene silencing with MP produced synergistic anti-atherosclerotic effect which was reflected in decreases in foam cell formation, intracellular lipids, inflammatory status, adhesion molecular status, and MCP-1-mediated migration and infiltration of macrophages in foam cells.Conclusion: The synergistic anti-atherosclerotic effects of MP and LOX-1 gene silencing may be potential tools for development of anti-atherosclerotic agents
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