Severe maternal morbidity (near miss) as a sentinel event of maternal death. An attempt to use routine data for surveillance

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>To identify all the records within the Brazilian Hospital Information System (HIS) that contained information suggestive of severe maternal morbidity (near miss); to describe the diagnoses and procedures used; to identify variables associated with maternal death.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A descriptive population study with data from the HIS and Mortality Information System (MIS) files of records of women during pregnancy, delivery and in the postpartum period in all the capital cities of the Brazilian states in 2002. Initially, records of women between 10 and 49 years of age were selected; next, those records with at least one criterion suggestive of near miss were selected. For the linkage of HIS with MIS and HIS with itself, a blocking strategy consisting of three independent steps was established. In the data analysis, near miss ratios were calculated with corresponding 95% confidence interval and the diagnoses and procedures were described; a multiple logistic regression model was adjusted. Primary and secondary diagnoses and the requested and performed procedures during hospitalization were the main outcome measures.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The overall maternal near miss ratio was 44.3/1,000 live births. Among the records indicating near miss, 154 maternal deaths were identified. The criteria of severity most frequently found were infection, preeclampsia and hemorrhage. Logistic regression analysis resulted in 12 variables, including four significant interactions.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although some limitations, the perspective of routinely using this information system for surveillance of near miss and implementing measures to avoid maternal death is promising.</p

Neonatal Near Miss: A Systematic Review.

The concept of neonatal near miss has been proposed as a tool for assessment of quality of care in neonates who suffered any life-threatening condition. However, there are no internationally agreed concepts or criteria for defining or identifying neonatal near miss. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of studies and markers that are able to identify neonatal near miss cases and predict neonatal mortality. Electronic searches were performed in the Medline, Embase and Scielo databases, with no time or language restriction, until December 2014. The term neonatal near miss was used alone or in combination with terms related to neonatal morbidity/mortality and neonatal severity scores. Study selection criteria involved three steps: title, abstract and full text of the articles. Two researchers performed study selection and data extraction independently. Heterogeneity of study results did not permit the performance of meta-analysis. Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria adopted, only four articles were selected. Preterm and perinatal asphyxia were used as near miss markers in all studies. Health indicators on neonatal morbidity and mortality were extracted or estimated. The neonatal near miss rate was 2.6 to 8 times higher than the neonatal mortality rate. Pragmatic and management criteria are used to help develop the neonatal near miss concept. The most severe cases are identified and mortality is predicted with these criteria. Furthermore, the near miss concept can be used as a tool for evaluating neonatal care. It is the first step in building management strategies to reduce mortality and long-term sequelae.1532

Neonatal Near Miss: the need for a standard definition and appropriate criteria and the rationale for a prospective surveillance system

In Latin American, there is currently a regional action with the main purposes of putting the concept of severe neonatal morbidity in practice and formulating proposals for interventions. A general overview of neonatal health conditions, including morbidity and mortality, is provided to update regional knowledge on the topic. An example of the development and implementation of the concept of maternal near miss is also provided, followed by results from a systematic review covering all previously published studies on Neonatal Near Miss. Finally, some proposals for building a common concept on the topic and for launching a prospective surveillance study are presented. A Neonatal Near Miss is a neonate who had a severe morbidity (organ dysfunction or failure) but who survived this condition within the first 27 days of life. The pragmatic criteria recommended to be used are as follows: birth weight below 1700 g, Apgar score below 7 at 5 minutes of life and gestational age below 33 weeks. As a proxy for organ dysfunction, the following management criteria are also confirmed: parenteral therapeutic antibiotics; nasal continuous positive airway pressure; any intubation during the first 27 days of life; phototherapy within the first 24 h of life; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; the use of vasoactive drugs, anticonvulsants, surfactants, blood products and steroids for refractory hypoglycemia and any surgical procedure. Although this study starts from a regional perspective, this topic is clearly globally relevant. All nations, especially low and middle-income countries, could benefit from the proposed standardization

Neonatal near miss: the need for a standard definition and appropriate criteria and the rationale for a prospective surveillance system

In Latin American, there is currently a regional action with the main purposes of putting the concept of severe neonatal morbidity in practice and formulating proposals for interventions. A general overview of neonatal health conditions, including morbidity and mortality, is provided to update regional knowledge on the topic. An example of the development and implementation of the concept of maternal near miss is also provided, followed by results from a systematic review covering all previously published studies on Neonatal Near Miss. Finally, some proposals for building a common concept on the topic and for launching a prospective surveillance study are presented. A Neonatal Near Miss is a neonate who had a severe morbidity (organ dysfunction or failure) but who survived this condition within the first 27 days of life. The pragmatic criteria recommended to be used are as follows: birth weight below 1700 g, Apgar score below 7 at 5 minutes of life and gestational age below 33 weeks. As a proxy for organ dysfunction, the following management criteria are also confirmed: parenteral therapeutic antibiotics; nasal continuous positive airway pressure; any intubation during the first 27 days of life; phototherapy within the first 24 h of life; cardiopulmonary resuscitation; the use of vasoactive drugs, anticonvulsants, surfactants, blood products and steroids for refractory hypoglycemia and any surgical procedure. Although this study starts from a regional perspective, this topic is clearly globally relevant. All nations, especially low and middle-income countries, could benefit from the proposed standardization701282082

Influenza epidemiology and immunization during pregnancy: Final report of a World Health Organization working group

From 2014 to 2017, the World Health Organization convened a working group to evaluate influenza disease burden and vaccine efficacy to inform estimates of maternal influenza immunization program impact. The group evaluated existing systematic reviews and relevant primary studies, and conducted four new systematic reviews. There was strong evidence that maternal influenza immunization prevented influenza illness in pregnant women and their infants, although data on severe illness prevention were lacking. The limited number of studies reporting influenza incidence in pregnant women and infants under six months had highly variable estimates and underrepresented low- and middle-income countries. The evidence that maternal influenza immunization reduces the risk of adverse birth outcomes was conflicting, and many observational studies were subject to substantial bias. The lack of scientific clarity regarding disease burden or magnitude of vaccine efficacy against severe illness poses challenges for robust estimation of the potential impact of maternal influenza immunization programs

Sífilis gestacional y factores asociados en hospitales públicos del Perú en el periodo 2000-2010

Objectives. To determine the epidemiological profile of gestational syphilis and associated factors in a Peruvian population. Materials and methods. The study is a secondary analysis of data obtained from public hospitals in Peru for the 2000-2010 period. 652,636 pregnant women were included from 37 cities and 45 health centers in Peru. Results. The prevalence of gestational syphilis was 0.7%, while 80.7% reported screening for gestational syphilis. The highest prevalence of maternal syphilis is found in the lowland rainforest followed by the highland rainforest. In the three regions of Peru decreased prevalence of gestational syphilis has been seen throughout the years. The prevalence for 2010 are 0.2% on the coast, in the highlands 0.23% and 0.47% in the jungle. The lack of education and prenatal care, high parity, cohabiting or single, and living in the jungle, are associated with having a positive syphilis test. Conclusions. The results suggests that prevalence of gestational syphilis has declined over the decade 2000-2010.Objetivos. Determinar el perfil epidemiológico de la sífilis gestacional y factores asociados en una población peruana. Materiales y métodos. El estudio es un análisis secundario de datos obtenidos de hospitales públicos del Perú para el periodo 2000-2010. Se incluyó datos de 652 636 gestantes de 37 ciudades y de 45 establecimientos de salud del Perú. Resultados. Se estimó la prevalencia de sífilis gestacional en 0,7% y de tamizaje de sífilis materna en 80,7%. La mayor prevalencia de sífilis materna se encontró en la selva baja seguida de la selva alta. En las tres regiones del Perú se aprecia una disminución de la prevalencia de sífilis gestacional en el transcurso de los años. Las prevalencias al 2010 son de 0,2% en la costa, 0,23% en la sierra y 0,47% en la selva. La ausencia de educación, el bajo número de control prenatal, la mayor paridad, el ser conviviente o soltera, y el vivir en la selva, son factores asociados a la positividad en la prueba de sífilis. Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que la prevalencia de sífilis gestacional ha presentado una tendencia decreciente durante la década 2000-2010

Sífilis gestacional y factores asociados en hospitales públicos del Perú en el periodo 2000-2010

Objetivos. Determinar el perfil epidemiológico de la sífilis gestacional y factores asociados en una población peruana. Materiales y métodos. El estudio es un análisis secundario de datos obtenidos de hospitales públicos del Perú para el periodo 2000-2010. Se incluyó datos de 652 636 gestantes de 37 ciudades y de 45 establecimientos de salud del Perú. Resultados. Se estimó la prevalencia de sífilis gestacional en 0,7% y de tamizaje de sífilis materna en 80,7%. La mayor prevalencia de sífilis materna se encontró en la selva baja seguida de la selva alta. En las tres regiones del Perú se aprecia una disminución de la prevalencia de sífilis gestacional en el transcurso de los años. Las prevalencias al 2010 son de 0,2% en la costa, 0,23% en la sierra y 0,47% en la selva. La ausencia de educación, el bajo número de control prenatal, la mayor paridad, el ser conviviente o soltera, y el vivir en la selva, son factores asociados a la positividad en la prueba de sífilis. Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que la prevalencia de sífilis gestacional ha presentado una tendencia decreciente durante la década 2000-201

Sífilis gestacional y factores asociados en hospitales públicos del Perú en el periodo 2000-2010

Objetivos. Determinar el perfil epidemiológico de la sífilis gestacional y factores asociados en una población peruana. Materiales y métodos. El estudio es un análisis secundario de datos obtenidos de hospitales públicos del Perú para el periodo 2000-2010. Se incluyó datos de 652 636 gestantes de 37 ciudades y de 45 establecimientos de salud del Perú. Resultados. Se estimó la prevalencia de sífilis gestacional en 0,7% y de tamizaje de sífilis materna en 80,7%. La mayor prevalencia de sífilis materna se encontró en la selva baja seguida de la selva alta. En las tres regiones del Perú se aprecia una disminución de la prevalencia de sífilis gestacional en el transcurso de los años. Las prevalencias al 2010 son de 0,2% en la costa, 0,23% en la sierra y 0,47% en la selva. La ausencia de educación, el bajo número de control prenatal, la mayor paridad, el ser conviviente o soltera, y el vivir en la selva, son factores asociados a la positividad en la prueba de sífilis. Conclusiones. Los resultados sugieren que la prevalencia de sífilis gestacional ha presentado una tendencia decreciente durante la década 2000-201