Monkeypox Detection Through Watershed Segmentation and Appending 2D CNN Based Auto Encoder: Monkeypox Detection Through CNN-Auto Encoder

Monkeypox, a viral zoonosis, may spread from animals to people. Fever, rashes, and swollen lymph nodes might create medical complications. Its symptoms resemble smallpox. To prevent monkey pox sickness, you must be prepared and treat it immediately. Public health systems should be aware of effective monkeypox mitigation methods because to its global health impacts. Watershed segmentation using CNN-based auto encoder detected monkeypox. Monkeypox may be distinguished from other skin infections. Watershed segmentation, elevation map utilisingsobel, and region-based feature extraction function well on impacted skin photos. Segmenting Monekypox images is tough due to similarities and variations across classes and the difficulties of focusing on skin lesions. Unsupervised learning models like the convolutional autoencoder duplicate the input image in the output layer. Encoders, ConvNets that produce low-dimensional images, process images passed via them

Analysis of acetabular cup positioning and functional outcome in total hip replacement

INTRODUCTION: Total hip replacement, nowadays have become commonly performed reconstructive hip procedure for various hip disorders. In total hip replacement, the position of acetabular cup version is one of the important factor which influence the functional outcome of Total hip replacement. The dislocation rate and good availability of hip movements are majorly depends on acetabular cup version. AIM: The aim of this study is an analysis of acetabular cup positioning and functional outcome in total hip replacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study was conducted at Govt. Royapettah hospital, to analyse acetabular cup placement and functional outcome in THR, the period between 2013 to 2015. Study Population: 20 HIPS. Method of selection: 20 patients selected randomly from MRD department who complied with our study without any drop out. METHOD: 1. CT examination of acetabular cup 2. Analysis of functional outcome according to Harris hip score This study was conducted during my training period. All these patients were called over phone to attend the ortho OPD. This study had been done to assess the post oprative acetabular cup positioning and functional outcome of total hip replacement done for various indications. All patients were assessed post operatively with CT scan of pelvis for cup version. These patients were also examined clinically to analyze the functional outcome based on Harris hip score at the latest follow up. The results were compared and analysed in these randomly selected patients. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: All patients were assessed clinically using the HARRIS HIP SCORE SYSTEM [modified] for hip function in our study. 1. We had one case of dislocation with associated sciatic nerve palsy due to retroverted acetabular cup which was corrected by revision THR. Now the patient had recovered from nerve palsy and had good functional outcome 2. Limb length discrepancy: we had significant LLD of >3.2 cm in one case, other 5 cases had around 1 cm shortening on operated limb. 3. None of our patients had infection in our study. 4. In our study, 90% of patients had excellent functional outcome, 5% of patients had good functional outcome and 5% of patients had fair functional outcome. 5. In our study, 90% of acetabular cup positions were in acceptable range. Only 10% of acetabular cups were in excessive anteversion, 6. The cases with excessive anteversion were not associated with dislocation of joint. But had no internal rotation. 7. CT scan based acetabular cup measurement has given good predication of our intra operative free hand assessment of acetabular cup positioning

Synthesis and Spectroscopic, Thermal and Crystal Structure Studies of Hydrazinium Hydrogensuccinate

The mono-hydrazinium salt of succinic acid (hydrazinium hydrogensuccinate salt) was prepared by reacting hydrazine hydrate and succinic acid. Its spectral, thermal and structural properties have been determined. The salt, N2H5+.C4H5O4–, is a molecular salt containing discrete hydrazinium cations and hydrogen  succinate anions. The crystal packing consists of infinite chains of anions and cations that are alternatively linked throughO–H···N and bifurcatedN–H···O bonds and this chain is connected to adjacent antiparallel chains by N–H···O hydrogen bonding. The adjacent chains are cross linked by N–H···O bonds from the donor N2H5+ ions, thus forming a three-dimensional network. The salt undergoes melting followed by decomposition to give gaseous products.KEYWORDS: Hydrazine, succinic acid, hydrazinium hydrogensuccinate, crystal structure, thermal studies

Response of biofertilizers, on the growth and yield of blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)

An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of biofertilizers on growth and yield of blackgram in field condition. The experiment was a randomized complete block design with five replication. The different inoculation (single and duel) of biofertilizers Azotobacter, Azospirillum, Rhizobium, phosphobacteria were incorporated into the top 15 cm of the soil. During the experiment period the plant samples were analysed, such as root length, shoot length, fresh and dry weight, leaf number, leaf area, root nodules and the biochemical content such as chlorophyll ‘a’, ‘b’, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, protein content, nodules and yield were analysed. The results revealed that addition the combination inoculation of Rhizobium + phosphobacteria significantly increased growth and yield of blackgram compared with control (without biofertilizers)

Growth and Nutrient Content Variation of Groundnut Arachis hypogaea L. under Vermicompost Application

Plant nutrients are essential for the production of crops and healthy food in the worlds expanding population. Plant nutrients are therefore a vital component of sustainable agriculture.  The use of chemical fertilizers, contributes largely depletion of fossils fuels, generation of carbon dioxide and contamination of water resource it leads to loss of soil fertility due to imbalance use of fertilizers that has adversely impacted agriculture productivity and causes of soil degradation. Now there is a growing realization that the adoption of ecological and sustainable farming practices can only reverse the declining trend in the global productivity and environmental protection. So the present study was carried out the impact of vermicompost on groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Three experimental plots were prepared control, T1- 1 ton h-1; T2-2 ton h-1; T3- 3 ton h-1 and T4- 4 ton h-1 to test the plant production patterns, under field conditions. The morphological parameters such as root length, shoot length, number of leaves, fresh weight, dry weight and root nodules, yield parameters and the nutrient content viz., nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium were analyzed at 120 days of plants.  All the morphological parameters and nutrient contents were higher in T4 treatments, when compared with other treatments.Â

A MARKOVIAN TWO COMMODITY QUEUEING–INVENTORY SYSTEM WITH COMPLIMENT ITEM AND CLASSICAL RETRIAL FACILITY

This paper explores the two-commodity (TC) inventory system in which commodities are classified as major and complementary items. The system allows a customer who has purchased a free product to conduct Bernoulli trials at will. Under the Bernoulli schedule, any entering customer will quickly enter an orbit of infinite capability during the stock-out time of the major item. The arrival of a retrial customer in the system follows a classical retrial policy. These two products' re-ordering process occurs under the $(s, Q)$ and instantaneous ordering policies for the major and complimentary items, respectively. A comprehensive analysis of the retrial queue, including the system's stability and the steady-state distribution of the retrial queue with the stock levels of two commodities, is carried out. The various system operations are measured under the stability condition. Finally, numerical evidence has shown the benefits of the proposed model under different random situations

Reaction of Hydrazine Hydrate with Oxalic Acid: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of Dihydrazinium Oxalate

The reaction of oxalic acid with hydrazine hydrate (in appropriate mole ratio) forms the dihydrazinium oxalate under specific experimental condition. The title compound is a molecular salt containing two discrete hydrazinium cations and an oxalate anion. The oxalate anion is perfectly planar and there is a crystallographic centre of symmetry in the middle of the C-C bond. The C-O bond distances are almost equal indicating the presence of resonance in the oxalate ion. The crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular N-H…Oand  N-H…Nhydrogen bonds. The oxalate ions are linked together end to end through hydrogen bonds (via N2H5+ ions) and run parallel to the [101] direction. It is interesting to note that each oxalate group in the structure is surrounded by six hydrazinium ions through hydrogen bonding. Similarly, each hydrazinium ion is surrounded by three oxalate and one hydrazinium ion.KEY WORDS: Hydrazine, oxalic acid, dihydrazinium oxalate, crystal structure

Active community surveillance of the impact of different tuberculosis control measures, Tiruvallur, South India, 1968-2001

Background: Tuberculosis is curable, but community surveys documenting epidemiological impact of the WHO-recommended DOTS strategy on tuberculosis prevalence have not been published. We used active community surveillance to compare the impact of DOTS with earlier programmes. Methods: We conducted tuberculosis disease surveys using random cluster sampling of a rural population in South India approximately every 2.5 years from 1968 to 1986, using radiography as a screening tool for sputum examination. In 1999, DOTS was implemented in the area. Prevalence surveys using radiography and symptom screening were conducted at the start of DOTS implementation and after 2.5 years. Results: From 1968 to 1999, culture-positive and smear-positive tuberculosis declined by 2.3 and 2.5% per annum compared with 11.9 and 5.6% after DOTS implementation. The 2.5 year period of DOTS implementation accounted for one-fourth of the decline in prevalence of culture-positive tuberculosis over 33 years. Multivariate analysis showed that prevalence of culture-positive tuberculosis decreased substantially (10.0% per annum, 95% CI: 2.8–16.6%) owing to DOTS after only slight declines related to temporal trends (2.1% annual decline, 95% CI: 1.1–3.2%) and short-course chemotherapy (1.5% annual decline, 95% CI: �9.7% to 11.5%). Under DOTS, the proportion of total cases identified through clinical care increased from 81 to 92%. Conclusions: Following DOTS implementation, prevalence of culture-positive tuberculosis decreased rapidly following a gradual decline for the previous 30 years. In the absence of a large HIV epidemic and with relatively low levels of rifampicin resistance, DOTS was associated with rapid reduction of tuberculosis prevalenc