Reconocimiento de dígitos utilizando redes neurales y lógica difusa

Las teorías de redes neurales y de lógica difusa se utilizan ampliamente para el reconocimiento de patrones. En particular se utilizan para el reconocimiento de formas tales como los dígitos numéricos.Se propone un esquema mixto que utiliza una red neural y la teoría de la lógica difusa. La red neural de retropropagación establece un primer reconocimiento de los dígitos y posteriormente un programa que utiliza lógica difusa se encarga de evaluar los resultados de la red neural.Se presenta además un proceso de construcción incremental, que se puede utilizar para construir programas de reconocimiento de patrones más complejos

ATS Core Curriculum 2016: Part II. Adult Critical Care Medicine

The American Thoracic Society (ATS) Core Curriculum updates clinicians annually in adult and pediatric pulmonary disease, medical critical care, and sleep medicine, in a 3-year recurring cycle of topics. The 2016 course was presented in May during the annual International Conference. The four parts of the course are published in consecutive issues of AnnalsATS. Part II covers topics in adult critical care medicine. An American Board of Internal Medicine Maintenance of Certification module and a Continuing Medical Education exercise covering the contents of the CORE Curriculum can be accessed online at www.thoracic.org until July 2019

Romantismo, mística e escatologia política Romanticism, mystique and political eschatology

Vertentes filosóficas, políticas ou estéticas que contestaram os paradigmas centrais da modernidade são tradicionalmente percebidas como externas à própria modernidade. Este texto fala sobre aquilo que a própria ideologia modernizante denuncia como um irracionalismo antimoderno que, todavia, acompanha esta modernidade desde seus primórdios e recebe dela, paradoxalmente, impulsos aceleradores. Apresentar o romantismo, a mística e a escatologia como acompanhantes da modernidade técnica significa, também, entendê-los como fenômenos históricos que não entregaram as alternativas imaginárias ao mito da máquina; mito evocado por uma modernidade que quer esquecer as dimensões do Ser e da existência humana que transbordam o fatual e o mundo manipulável.<br>Philosophical, political or esthetic visions which have contested central paradigms of modernity are traditionally seen as external to modernity itself. This text talks about what modernizing ideology denounces as an antimodern irrationalism which, however, has followed this modernity since its beginning and receives from it, paradoxically, accelerating impulses. Presenting Romanticism, Mystique and Eschatology as companions of technical modernity also means to understand them as historical phenomena which have not handed over the imaginary alternatives to the machine myth, the one constructed by a modernity that wants to forget the dimensions of being and human existence which overflow the factual and the world exposed to manipulation

Patents and pills, power and procedure: the North-South politics of public health in the WTO

Developing countries have limited control over the distributional and substantive dimensions of international institutions, but they retain an important stake in a rule-based international order that can reduce uncertainty and stabilize expectations. Because international institutions can provide small states with a potential mechanism to bind more powerful states to mutually recognized rules, developing countries may seek to strengthen the procedural dimensions of multilateral institutions. Clear and strong multilateral rules cannot substitute for weakness, but they can help ameliorate some of the vulnerability that is a product of developing countries’ position in the international system. This article uses the contemporary international politics of intellectual property rights (IPRs) as a lens to examine North-South conflicts over international economic governance and the possibilities of institutional reform. Lacking the power to revise the substance of the World Trade Organization’s Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS), developing countries, allied with a network of international public health activists, subsequently designed strategies to operate within the constraining international political reality they faced. They sought to clarify the rules of international patent law, to affirm the rights established during the TRIPS negotiations, and to minimize vulnerability to opportunism by powerful states. In doing so the developing countries reinforced global governance in IPRs