The Demeanor of Nature in O. V. Vijayan’s The Legends of Khasak

The Legends of Khasak is one of the famous and artistic works of renowned writer Ottupulackal Velukkuty Vijayan, commonly known as O. V. Vijayan, was a novelist and cartoonist, who was one of the most important figures in modern Malayalam literature. He is best known for his first novel Khasakkinte Ithihasam (1969), he was the author of six novels, nine short-story collections, and nine collections of essays, memoirs and reflections. The plot is set in the backwaters of Kerala, in the half of the twentieth century. Critics in Malayalam have been unanimous in their praise of Vijayan's uses of language. Never before, or after, has any writer, they aver, experimented the poetic dimensions of prose with such telling effect. In Khasakkinte Ithihasaam, Vijayan is able to present Khasak as a mythical place of primordial Purity by making use of a strange mixture of Tamil and Malayalam. While Raviand Madhavan Nair speaks pristine Malayalam, the natives use a crude mixture of Malayalam and Tamil. This is reinforced with powerful images and metaphors. Ravi is the protagonist of this novel and he comes to the village of Khasak in Palakkad region as a single school teacher. Ravi is a great visionary in astrophysics who finished his post graduation in Physics from a very famous college at Tambaram. Palakkad District Board has established a single teacher school in the village Khasak for the local children as an effort to give them basic education. Ravi is from a different place and he is to be the first teacher in that village. Khasak is both wondrous and a magical place. Ravi is not only a dominant central figure in this novel. The Legends of Khasak, Vijayan's first novel, appeared in 1969 and it took twelve years' writing and rewriting to reach its final form. It leads to a great literary revolution and cleaved the history of Malayalam fiction into Pre-Khasak and Post-Khasak eras. The novel ends when protagonist begins his journey to some other realms of existence. It was a kind of stepping stone for the writer Vijayan to that world and marked the alight of a truly visionary writer in Malayalam Literature

Embedment Effect on Foundations under Vertical Vibrations

The dynamic response of the embedded foundation subjected to vertical dynamic loads has been studied through carefully conducted field tests. The block was excited in vertical and coupled modes of vibrations. Four excitation levels were used. Tests, with different embedment depths were carried out. The foundation block was instrumented to monitor dynamic contact pressure at various embedments with specially designed contact pressure cells. Side shear resistances were measured through dynamic shear resistance cells specially designed for the purpose. Also, frequency amplitude characteristics were observed during each test .The analysis of data indicates that as the depth of embedment increases, damping factor, stiffness and in-phase soil mass increase. Dynamic pressure distributions exhibit marked changes with embedment depth. The dynamic shear resistances developed on the vertical side surfaces, vary non-linearly

New fruit and seed disorders in Papaya (Carica papaya L.) in India

Systematic field screening was conducted in 14 important papaya germplasm lines to observe the severity of bumpy fruit incidence. The disease severity, fruit yield and economic losses due to physiological disorders were observed. Pune Selection-3 was most sensitive (64.6%) for the disorder while Pusa Selection Red was most tolerant (4.2%). The maximum yield was obtained in Pune Selection-3 (62 kg/plant) while lowest yield in Mokama Local (20 kg/plant). The lowest market acceptability and highest economic loss were also observed in Pune Selection-3 (Rs. 3.3/kg and 11, 21,580/ha, respectively) due to highest incidence of bumpy fruit disorder as compared to other germplasm. The highest frequency of deformed seeds/fruit (83.6%) and economic loss (Rs. 84,400/ha) under fruit production for market was noticed during February, while the lowest deformed seeds/fruit (2.7%) were observed during December. The maximum incidence of vivipary and white seed disorders were observed during May (13.4 and 75.7%, respectively) while least incidence was observed in February and March (10 and 5%, respectively). The increased incidence of vivipary was observed in harvested fruits from February to May with increasing average monthly temperature. The low and high temperatures during seed maturation period aggravate deformed and vivipary seeds, respectively.Keywords: Carica papaya, physiological disorders, bumpy, vivipary, white seedsAfrican Journal of Biotechnology, Vol. 13(4), pp. 574-580, 22 January, 201

Особенности учета расходов и доходов, и их влияние на финансовый результат деятельности субъекта хозяйствования

Основная цель статьи - раскрыть специфику отражения на счетах бухгалтерского учета расходов, доходов и определить их влияние на формирование финансового результата от операционной, финансовой или инвестиционной деятельности.Основна мета статті - розкрити специфіку віддзеркалення на рахунках бухгалтерського обліку витрат, доходів і визначити їх вплив на формування фінансового результату від операційної, фінансової або інвестиційної діяльності

Cycle Plate Load Tests on Reinforced Sand

This paper presents a set of results of laboratory scale model footing tests conducted to determine the cyclic load resistance of sand beds reinforced with horizontal sheets of geogrid. The test results indicate that the total settlement decreases and the bearing capacity increases, with the increase in size of reinforcements and number of layers. With the inclusion of reinforcing sheets, ·the coefficient of elastic uniform compression decreases slightly; but this decreased value is valid up to the increased bearing capacity of the reinforced sand bed. There is significant improvement in the damping capacity upon reinforcing the sand bed as indicated by the comparison of the strain energies under the pressure-settlement curves obtained from cyclic plate load tests

Damage and Remedial Measures for Buildings on Hill Slopes

The paper deals with details of geotechnical investigations carried out for evaluating the reasons of damage to the buildings resting on hill slopes in northern region of India and also to evaluate the soil parameters for designing retaining walls and other remedial measures for preventing further damage to structures. Three causes of failure were identified namely (i) instability of slopes, (ii) improper design of retaining walls and (iii) differential settlement of structures. Shear strength parameters of the soil mass required for the analysis of slope stability and stability of retaining wall sections have been chosen based on three methods of investigations viz. large scale direct in-situ shear tests, plate load tests and the back analysis method. The stability analysis of various sections of slopes have been carried out and measures for strengthening of slopes have been suggested