5 research outputs found
Aceptabilidad del ensilaje de la parte a茅rea de la yuca adicionado con diferentes tipos y cantidades de aditivos en bovinos
The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of the addition of different types and proportions of byproducts and silage additives to the aerial part of cassava on their acceptability silage at different times, involving the sensory variables, chemical composition and acceptability silage. Experimental design was completely randomized with seven types or proportions of additives and four times silage. Treatments were as a witness, the aerial part of cassava supplemented with 2% molasses, common addition in all treatments; Sil-All庐 (bacterial inoculant); rice bran (15 and 30% inclusive); ground corn cobs (15 and 30% inclusion) and sugar (3% inclusion). The silages added with tusa were largely accepted by the animals, reflected this in greater number and timing of visits and increased consumption. The silages that included bran were the least accepted. The opening of the silo age did not affect (P>0.05) the study variables. The preference of the animals for the ensiled material compared to silage material not confirmed. The acceptability of the ensiled material was related to some quality variables such as pH, ADF, hemicellulose, fat and DISMS.聽聽l objetivo de esta investigaci贸n fue evaluar la influencia de la adici贸n de diferentes tipos y proporciones de subproductos y aditivos al ensilaje de la parte a茅rea de la yuca sobre su aceptabilidad a diferentes tiempos de ensilado, asociando las variables organol茅pticas, de composici贸n qu铆mica y aceptabilidad del ensilaje. Se utiliz贸 un dise帽o completamente al azar con siete tipos o proporciones de aditivos y cuatro tiempos de ensilado. Los tratamientos fueron: como testigo, la parte a茅rea de la yuca adicionada con 2% de melaza, adici贸n com煤n en todos los tratamientos; Sil-All庐 (inoculante bacteriano); salvado de arroz (15 y 30% de inclusi贸n); tusa de ma铆z molida (15 y 30% de inclusi贸n) y az煤car (3% de inclusi贸n). Los ensilajes adicionados con tusa fueron mayormente aceptados por los animales, reflejado esto en mayor n煤mero y tiempo de visitas y un mayor consumo. Los ensilajes que incluyeron salvado fueron los menos aceptados. La edad de abertura del silo no afect贸 (P>0.05) las variables en estudio. Se confirm贸 la preferencia de los animales por el material ensilado en comparaci贸n al material no ensilado. La aceptabilidad de los materiales ensilados se relacion贸 con algunas variables de calidad, como pH, FDA, hemicelulosa, grasa y la DISMS
Early Transcriptional Responses of Bovine Chorioallantoic Membrane Explants to Wild Type, 螖virB2 or 螖btpB Brucella abortus Infection
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Clinical outcomes and bacterial characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae complex among patients from different global regions (CRACKLE-2): a prospective, multicentre, cohort study
BackgroundCarbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a global threat. We therefore analysed the bacterial characteristics of CRKP infections and the clinical outcomes of patients with CRKP infections across different countries.MethodsIn this prospective, multicentre, cohort study (CRACKLE-2), hospitalised patients with cultures positive for CRKP were recruited from 71 hospitals in Argentina, Australia, Chile, China, Colombia, Lebanon, Singapore, and the USA. The first culture positive for CRKP was included for each unique patient. Clinical data on post-hospitalisation death and readmission were collected from health records, and whole genome sequencing was done on all isolates. The primary outcome was a desirability of outcome ranking at 30 days after the index culture, and, along with bacterial characteristics and 30-day all-cause mortality (a key secondary outcome), was compared between patients from China, South America, and the USA. The desirability of outcome ranking was adjusted for location before admission, Charlson comorbidity index, age at culture, Pitt bacteremia score, and anatomical culture source through inverse probability weighting; mortality was adjusted for the same confounders, plus region where relevant, through multivariable logistic regression. This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03646227, and is complete.FindingsBetween June 13, 2017, and Nov 30, 2018, 991 patients were enrolled, of whom 502 (51%) met the criteria for CRKP infection and 489 (49%) had positive cultures that were considered colonisation. We observed little intra-country genetic variation in CRKP. Infected patients from the USA were more acutely ill than were patients from China or South America (median Pitt bacteremia score 3 [IQR 2-6] vs 2 [0-4] vs 2 [0-4]) and had more comorbidities (median Charlson comorbidity index 3 [IQR 2-5] vs 1 [0-3] vs 1 [0-2]). Adjusted desirability of outcome ranking outcomes were similar in infected patients from China (n=246), South America (n=109), and the USA (n=130); the estimates were 53% (95% CI 42-65) for China versus South America, 50% (41-61) for the USA versus China, and 53% (41-66) for the USA versus South America. In patients with CRKP infections, unadjusted 30-day mortality was lower in China (12%, 95% CI 8-16; 29 of 246) than in the USA (23%, 16-30; 30 of 130) and South America (28%, 20-37; 31 of 109). Adjusted 30-day all-cause mortality was higher in South America than in China (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4路82, 95% CI 2路22-10路50) and the USA (aOR 3路34, 1路50-7路47), with the mortality difference between the USA and China no longer being significant (aOR 1路44, 0路70-2路96).InterpretationGlobal CRKP epidemics have important regional differences in patients' baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes, and in bacterial characteristics. Research findings from one region might not be generalisable to other regions.FundingThe National Institutes of Health
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Clinical Outcomes and Bacterial Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Among Patients from Different Global Regions
Abstract Background Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAb) is one of the most problematic antimicrobial-resistant bacteria. We sought to elucidate the international epidemiology and clinical impact of CRAb. Methods In a prospective observational cohort study, 842 hospitalized patients with a clinical CRAb culture were enrolled at 46 hospitals in five global regions between 2017 and 2019. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 30 days from the index culture. The strains underwent whole-genome analysis. Results Of 842 cases, 536 (64%) represented infection. By 30 days, 128 (24%) of the infected patients died, ranging from 1 (6%) of 18 in Australia-Singapore to 54 (25%) of 216 in the United States and 24 (49%) of 49 in South-Central America, whereas 42 (14%) of non-infected patients died. Bacteremia was associated with a higher risk of death compared with other types of infection (40 [42%] of 96 vs. 88 [20%] of 440). In a multivariable logistic regression analysis, bloodstream infection and higher age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index were independently associated with 30-day mortality. Clonal group 2 (CG2) strains predominated except in South-Central America, ranging from 216 (59%) of 369 in the United States to 282 (97%) of 291 in China. Acquired carbapenemase genes were carried by 769 (91%) of the 842 isolates. CG2 strains were significantly associated with higher levels of meropenem resistance, yet non-CG2 cases were over-represented among the deaths compared with CG2 cases. Conclusions CRAb infection types and clinical outcomes differed significantly across regions. While CG2 strains remained predominant, non-CG2 strains were associated with higher mortality. ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT0364622