3,803 research outputs found
What shapes the far-infrared spectral energy distributions of galaxies?
To explore the connection between the global physical properties of galaxies
and their far-infrared (FIR) spectral energy distributions (SEDs), we study the
variation in the FIR SEDs of a set of hydrodynamically simulated galaxies that
are generated by performing dust radiative transfer in post-processing. Our
sample includes both isolated and merging systems at various stages of the
merging process and covers infrared (IR) luminosities and dust masses that are
representative of both low- and high-redshift galaxies. We study the FIR SEDs
using principle component analysis (PCA) and find that 97\% of the variance in
the sample can be explained by two principle components (PCs). The first PC
characterizes the wavelength of the peak of the FIR SED, and the second encodes
the breadth of the SED. We find that the coefficients of both PCs can be
predicted well using a double power law in terms of the IR luminosity and dust
mass, which suggests that these two physical properties are the primary
determinants of galaxies' FIR SED shapes. Incorporating galaxy sizes does not
significantly improve our ability to predict the FIR SEDs. Our results suggest
that the observed redshift evolution in the effective dust temperature at fixed
IR luminosity is not driven by geometry: the SEDs of ultraluminous
IR galaxies (ULIRGs) are cooler than those of local ULIRGs not because the
high-redshift galaxies are more extended but rather because they have higher
dust masses at fixed IR luminosity. Finally, based on our simulations, we
introduce a two-parameter set of SED templates that depend on both IR
luminosity and dust mass.Comment: Submitted to ApJ, comments welcom
Was GW190412 born from a hierarchical 3+1 quadruple configuration?
The gravitational wave source GW190412 is a binary black hole (BBH) merger
with three unique properties: i) its mass ratio is about 0.28, the lowest found
so far, ii) it has a relatively high positive effective spin parameter
\chi_eff=0.25, and iii) it is observed to be precessing due to in-plane
projected spin of the binary with an in-plane precession parameter \chi_p=0.3.
The two main formation channels of BBH formation fail to account for GW190412:
field formation scenarios cannot explain the observed precession unless by
invoking large natal kicks, and dynamical assembly in dense stellar systems is
inefficient in producing such low mass-ratio BBH mergers. Here, we investigate
whether "double mergers" in wide hierarchical quadruple systems in the "3+1"
configuration could explain the unique properties of GW190412. In this
scenario, a compact object quadruple system experiences two mergers: first, two
compact objects in the innermost orbit merge due to secular chaotic evolution.
At a later time, the merged compact object coalesces with another compact
object due to secular Lidov-Kozai oscillations. We find that our scenario is
consistent with GW190412. In particular, we find a preferential projected spin
around \chi_p=0.2. However, the likelihood of a double merger is small and the
formation efficiency of these systems is uncertain. If GW190412 originated from
a double merger in a 3+1 quadruple, we find a strong constraint that the first
merger likely occurred between roughly equal-mass BHs in the innermost orbit,
since the recoil velocity from unequal-mass BHs would otherwise have disrupted
the system.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 14 pages, 12 figure
Non-Simplified SUSY: Stau-Coannihilation at LHC and ILC
If new phenomena beyond the Standard Model will be discovered at the LHC, the
properties of the new particles could be determined with data from the
High-Luminosity LHC and from a future linear collider like the ILC. We discuss
the possible interplay between measurements at the two accelerators in a
concrete example, namely a full SUSY model which features a small stau_1-LSP
mass difference. Various channels have been studied using the Snowmass 2013
combined LHC detector implementation in the Delphes simulation package, as well
as simulations of the ILD detector concept from the Technical Design Report. We
investigate both the LHC and ILC capabilities for discovery, separation and
identification of various parts of the spectrum. While some parts would be
discovered at the LHC, there is substantial room for further discoveries at the
ILC. We finally highlight examples where the precise knowledge about the lower
part of the mass spectrum which could be acquired at the ILC would enable a
more in-depth analysis of the LHC data with respect to the heavier states.Comment: 42 pages, 18 figures, 12 table
The influence of infertility on sexual and marital satisfaction in Iranian women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a case-control study
Background: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate sexual and marital satisfaction in couples with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A case-control study was conducted on 90 couples with PCOS and 90 healthy couples as a control group. Three measures were used to evaluate sexual function and marital satisfaction: the female sexual function index (FSFI), the Larson sexual satisfaction, and the ENRICH marital satisfaction measures.
Results: The results of this study show that the mean scores of sexual function, sexual satisfaction, and marital satisfaction were significantly lower in PCOS couples compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Infertility was reported as the strongest predictive factor for sexual function and marital satisfaction in couples with PCOS (P < 0.05). Compared to the control group, sexual and marital satisfaction was lower in patients with PCOS and their partners.
Conclusion: Since infertility is the strongest predictive factor for the sexual health of couples with PCOS and sexual health is important in family health and marital life, sexual counseling may prove beneficial for these patients
Experimental study of head shape effects on shear stress distribution around a single groyne
River hydrodynamicsInteraction with structure
The impact of irritable bowel syndrome on health-related quality of life in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Background: The objectives of this study were to compare the prevalence and quality of life (QOL) of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) compared with healthy women.
Methods: This was a case-control study of 201 women recruited at an infertility clinic in Iran. The control group were healthy women (n = 100) and the comparison group, women with PCOS (n = 101). Data were collected by clinical Rome III criteria to determine the IBS, Bristol scale for stool consistency and IBS QOL.
Results: The reporting of IBS symptoms were higher in PCOS (20.7%) than control group (11%) (P = 0.05). The IBS QOL score in the IBS + PCOS group was lower than other groups (IBS+ non PCOS, non IBS + PCOS, non IBS+ non PCOS; scores in food avoidance and worries about health domains were significant (P < 0.01).
Conclusions: We conclude that having PCOS and an increased level of LH/FSH tends to cause IBS symptoms. IBS + PCOS women experience significant impaired quality of life scores particularly in relation to worries about health and food avoidance. These results offer further insights into IBS in PCOS women and their functional status and wellbeing
Dual Spikes; New Spiky String Solutions
We find a new class of spiky solutions for closed strings in flat,
and backgrounds. In the flat
case the new solutions turn out to be T-dual configurations of spiky strings
found by Kruczenski hep-th/0410226. In the case of solutions living in ,
we make a semi classical analysis by taking the large angular momentum limit.
The anomalous dimension for these dual spikes is similar to that for rotating
and pulsating circular strings in AdS with angular momentum playing the role of
the level number. This replaces the well known logarithmic dependence for
spinning strings. For the dual spikes living on sphere we find that no large
angular momentum limit exists.Comment: Added reference
Current approaches for combination therapy of cancer: The role of immunogenic cell death
Cell death resistance is a key feature of tumor cells. One of the main anticancer therapies is increasing the susceptibility of cells to death. Cancer cells have developed a capability of tumor immune escape. Hence, restoring the immunogenicity of cancer cells can be suggested as an effective approach against cancer. Accumulating evidence proposes that several anticancer agents provoke the release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that are determinants of immunogenicity and stimulate immunogenic cell death (ICD). It has been suggested that ICD inducers are two different types according to their various activities. Here, we review the well-characterized DAMPs and focus on the different types of ICD inducers and recent combination therapies that can augment the immunogenicity of cancer cells
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