Nota corta. Evaluación de aceites esenciales de dos plantas silvestres y sus emulsificantes utilizados en tests de inhibición de Paenibacillus larvae subsp. Larvae

In honey bees (Apis mellifera L.), American foulbrood (AFB) is caused by the infection of the larvae and pupae with the bacterium Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae. The antibacterial effects of the essential oils of wild camomile (Tagetes minuta L.) and Andean thyme (Acantholippia seriphioides A. Gray) against different strains of P. larvae subsp. larvae were evaluated in vitro. The possible inhibitory effects of two emulsifiers of these oils (propylene glycol and soybean lecithin) were also assessed. Significant differences in antibacterial action were seen between the oils and emulsifiers (PLa patología conocida como loque americana, que afecta a los estadios de larva y pupa de abejas (Apis mellifera L.), es causada por la bacteria Paenibacillus larvae subsp. larvae. Se evaluó el efecto antibacteriano in vitro de los aceites esenciales de manzanilla silvestre (Tagetes minuta L.) y tomillo andino (Acantholippia seriphioides A. Gray) frente a diferentes cepas de P. larvae subsp. larvae, así como también el posible efecto inhibitorio adicional del propilenglicol y la lecitina de soja, utilizados como emulsionantes de los aceites esenciales. Los resultados de la evaluación in vitro indican diferencias significativas entre los dos aceites esenciales emulsionados (

1H-NMR and isotopic fingerprinting of olive oil and its unsaponifiable fraction: Geographical origin of virgin olive oils by pattern recognition

1H−NMR spectral data and H and C isotope abundances of virgin olive oils (VOOs) and their unsaponifiable fractions were analysed by pattern recognition techniques, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and partial−least squares discriminant analysis (PLS−DA). The aim was to develop chemical tools for the authentication of VOOs according to their geographical origin or Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), as well as to detect the mislabelling of the provenance of VOOs, at the regional or national level, or the mislabelling of non−PDO oils as PDO VOOs. The relationship between stable isotope abundances of the VOOs and their unsaponifiable fractions and the latitude of the VOO geographical origin was confirmed; but these criteria were not completely discriminant to differentiate VOOs according to their geographical origin. However, δ2H and/or δ13C data provided complementary geographical information to 1H−NMR data in the PLS−DA binary classification models afforded for VOOs from Greece, Spain, Italy, Izmir (Turkey), Crete (Greece), and the PDOs Riviera Ligure (Italy) and Huile d'olive d'Aix−en−Provence (France). 2H/1H and 13C/12C ratios of the unsaponifiable fractions of VOOs are reported here for the first time. The present approach for PDO Riviera Ligure VOOs, based on 1H−NMR data and C isotope abundance of the bulk oil and its unsaponifiable fraction, outperformed the previously reported classification models. Moreover, the PLS−DA models to authenticate VOOs from Greece and detect non−Greek VOOs achieved over 93 % of correct predictions.JRC.I.1-Chemical Assessment and Testin

A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

The nature of dark matter and properties of neutrinos are among the most pressing issues in contemporary particle physics. The dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber is the leading technology to cover the available parameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), while featuring extensive sensitivity to many alternative dark matter candidates. These detectors can also study neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decay and through a variety of astrophysical sources. A next-generation xenon-based detector will therefore be a true multi-purpose observatory to significantly advance particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solar physics, and cosmology. This review article presents the science cases for such a detector

A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

The nature of dark matter and properties of neutrinos are among the most pressing issues in contemporary particle physics. The dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber is the leading technology to cover the available parameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), while featuring extensive sensitivity to many alternative dark matter candidates. These detectors can also study neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decay and through a variety of astrophysical sources. A next-generation xenon-based detector will therefore be a true multi-purpose observatory to significantly advance particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solar physics, and cosmology. This review article presents the science cases for such a detector

A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

The nature of dark matter and properties of neutrinos are among the most pressing issues in contemporary particle physics. The dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber is the leading technology to cover the available parameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), while featuring extensive sensitivity to many alternative dark matter candidates. These detectors can also study neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decay and through a variety of astrophysical sources. A next-generation xenon-based detector will therefore be a true multi-purpose observatory to significantly advance particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solar physics, and cosmology. This review article presents the science cases for such a detector