Approximate analytical solutions of reaction–diffusion equations with exponential source term: Homotopy perturbation method (HPM)

AbstractIn this letter, the solutions of some nonlinear differential equations have been obtained by means of the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). Applications of the homotopy method to some nonlinear reaction–diffusion equations with exponential source term show rapid convergence of the sequence constructed by this method to the exact solutions

Geochemistry and rare-metal bearing potentials of pegmatites of Gbugbu, Lema and Bishewa areas of North Central Nigeria

The authors acknowledge the immense supports received from the management of the Nigerian Geological Survey Agency (NGSA). Mr. Olufemi Ogedengbe, a retired Director of Economic Geology Department, NGSA was exceptionally supportive in all aspects of this research.   Abstract The pegmatites of Gbugbu, Lema and Bishewa areas belong to the pegmatite belt of North-Central Nigeria which has been prospected for minerals since the early 1940’s. Detailed geological mapping of the pegmatite bodies and sampling of muscovite extracts were carried out, while major, trace and rare earth elements geochemistry were achieved using ICP-OES and ICP-MS. Variation plots of major and trace elements were used to determine the geochemical characteristics of these pegmatite bodies. Structural features of the study area suggest fracture patterns in the Nigerian Basement rocks controlled the distribution of the pegmatites on a regional NW-SE, N-S and NE-SW and minor E-W trends. The pegmatites are peraluminous with major and trace elements pattern indicating similarities with granitic clan of igneous rocks. Qualitative assessment of the pegmatites using K/Rb vs Cs, K/Cs vs Rb, K/Rb vs Rb/Sr, variation plots suggest the majority of the pegmatites are mineralized with Na/K ratio>1 and  belong to the rare metal bearing class with a compositional variation suggesting regional zonation of the pegmatites. Furthermore, these plots suggest the Lema pegmatite field is highly evolved and belong to the Li-Be-Ta Type (III) and Li-Cs-Be-Ta Type (IV) while majority of those in Gbugbu and Bishewa fields belong to the muscovite bearing Type (I) and Be bearing Type (II). It is concluded from this study that the pegmatites of Gbugbu, Lema and Bishewa pegmatite fields have the potentials for rare metal mineralization with alkali and rare alkali fractionation playing significant roles in the mineralization processes. Furthermore, field evidence and Rb vs Sr plot, suggests the pegmatites were emplaced at variable depths of between 20-30km indicating that the Gbugbu and Bishewa pegmatite fields have been extensively eroded and are close to the roots of the primary mineralization exposing mainly the interior pegmatites of the Types I-II. On the other hand, the Lema field which suffered lesser degree of erosion has Type III-IV pegmatite still remaining at the center of a regionally zoned pegmatite body. The significance of this study is that the pegmatites of Gbugbu, Lema and Bishewa areas have potentials for economic mineralization of tantalite, wolframite, cassiterite and columbite. Keywords: Pegmatites, Pnuematolysis, Albitization, Rare-metal, Mineralization, Peraluminous DOI: 10.7176/JEES/9-3-15 Publication date:March 31st 2019

URETERIC INJURIES FOLLOWING PELVIC OPERATIONS

Background: Iatrogenic injuries to the ureter are hazardous complications of pelvicoperations, causing severe morbidity and even mortality.Objective: To present our 10 years experience in the management of such uretericinjuries.Design: A retrospective study carried out between January 1990 and December 1999.Setting: Two busy health institutions, namely Ife State hospital and Wesley GuildHospital, both of the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) Teaching Hospitals Complex,Ile-Ife, Nigeria.Results: The incidence of iatrogenic injury was 0.4%. Ureteral transection was thecommonest lesion (58%). Ureteroneocystostomy was performed in 70% of the operatedcases. Those diagnosed at the time of injury and treated with end-to-end anastomosishad the best results.Conclusion: The proper identification and, when necessary, isolation of the ureter duringoperations in which there is a risk is crucial in reducing the incidence of ureteral injurie

Leaback of Pulsatile Flow of Particle Fluid Suspension Model of Blood Under Periodic Body Acceleration

We considered a two-phase model flow of blood subject to both pulsative pressure gradient due to normal heart action and a periodic body acceleration. The leakback of flow due to the fact that the velocity of the red cell is greater than the mean velocity is derived using the method of characteristics. The variation in body acceleration amplitude though affects the velocity profile in the capillary tubes, it has no effect on the leakback in the tubes. Leakback is mainly determined by the balance of the viscous drag and the driving force of the applied pressure gradient. Key words: Leakback, Pulsatile Flow, Fluid Suspension, Periodic Acceleration, Viscous Drag. (Global Journal of Mathematical Sciences: 2002 1 (1&2): 13-16

URETERIC INJURIES FOLLOWING PELVIC OPERATIONS

ABSTRACTBackground: Iatrogenic injuries to the ureter are hazardous complications of pelvicoperations, causing severe morbidity and even mortality.Objective: To present our 10 years experience in the management of such uretericinjuries.Design: A retrospective study carried out between January 1990 and December 1999.Setting: Two busy health institutions, namely Ife State hospital and Wesley GuildHospital, both of the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) Teaching Hospitals Complex,Ile-Ife, Nigeria.Results: The incidence of iatrogenic injury was 0.4%. Ureteral transection was thecommonest lesion (58%). Ureteroneocystostomy was performed in 70% of the operatedcases. Those diagnosed at the time of injury and treated with end-to-end anastomosishad the best results.Conclusion: The proper identification and, when necessary, isolation of the ureter duringoperations in which there is a risk is crucial in reducing the incidence of ureteral injurie

Cytomorphological, histopathological and immunohistochemical observations on the histiocytic origin of canine transmissible venereal tumour

The cytogenic origin of canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) still remains unknown. Resulting from paucity of information on the histiocytic phenotypic features and behaviours of CTVT, this study was undertaken to show some uncommon cytomorphological features of CTVT and its immunoreactivity with S-100 protein. Nine cases of CTVT were investigated (6 females and 3 males) using nine fine needle aspirates for cytology and four biopsy samples for histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Cytology revealed CTVT cells with pale basophilic, fine granular cytoplasm and distinct intra-nuclear (3/9) and intra-cytoplasmic (9/9) vacuolations. Erythrophagocytosis by a giant binucleated CTVT cell in one dog and nuclear budding in 2 dogs were observed. Histopathology showed loose sheets and cords of uniformly round to ovoid cells with slight indistinct eosinophilic cytoplasm and a tendency towards glandular as well as syncytial formation. Nuclei were large and round with a single centrally placed nucleolus. The mitotic index was high. Immunohistochemistry of the four biopsy samples revealed negative immunoreactivity to  pan-cytokeratin, actin and desmin but positive immunoreactivity with vimetin and S-100 proteins. This is the first report in which CTVT showed erythrophagocytosis, nuclear budding and positive immunoreactivity to S-100 protein. Based on these cytomorphological and immunohistochemical features, we conclude that CTVT is of histiocytic/dendritic origin.Keywords: Cytology, histopathology, Histiocytic origin,   immunohistochemistry, Transmissible Venereal Tumou