Domain Bubbles of Extra Dimensions

``Dimension bubbles'' of the type previously studied by Blau and Guendelman [S.K. Blau and E.I. Guendelman, Phys. Rev. D40, 1909 (1989)], which effectively enclose a region of 5d spacetime and are surrounded by a region of 4d spacetime, can arise in a 5d theory with a compact extra dimension that is dimensionally reduced to give an effective 4d theory. These bubbles with thin domain walls can be stabilized against total collapse in a rather natural way by a scalar field which, as in the case with ``ordinary'' nontopological solitons, traps light scalar particles inside the bubble.Comment: 13 pages, no figures; to appear in Phys.Rev.

Mesoscopic Fluctuations in Quantum Dots in the Kondo Regime

Properties of the Kondo effect in quantum dots depend sensitively on the coupling parameters and so on the realization of the quantum dot -- the Kondo temperature itself becomes a mesoscopic quantity. Assuming chaotic dynamics in the dot, we use random matrix theory to calculate the distribution of both the Kondo temperature and the conductance in the Coulomb blockade regime. We study two experimentally relevant cases: leads with single channels and leads with many channels. In the single-channel case, the distribution of the conductance is very wide as $T_K$ fluctuates on a logarithmic scale. As the number of channels increases, there is a slow crossover to a self-averaging regime.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Family Unification with SO(10)

Unification based on the group SO(10)^3 \times S_3 is studied. Each family has its own SO(10) group, and the S_3 permutes the three families and SO(10) factors. This is the maximal local symmetry for the known fermions. Family unification is achieved in the sense that all known fermions are in a single irreducible multiplet of the symmetry. The symmetry suppresses SUSY flavor changing effects by making all squarks and sleptons degenerate in the symmetry limit. Doublet-triplet splitting can arise simply, and non-trivial structure of the quark and lepton masses emerges from the gauge symmetry, including the "doubly lopsided" form.Comment: 11 pages, references adde

Internal fluid flow management analysis for Clinch River Breeder Reactor Plant sodium pumps

The Clinch River Breeder Reactor Plant (CRBRP) sodium pumps are currently being designed and the prototype unit is being fabricated. In the design of these large-scale pumps for elevated temperature Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR) service, one major design consideration is the response of the critical parts to severe thermal transients. A detailed internal fluid flow distribution analysis has been performed using a computer code HAFMAT, which solves a network of fluid flow paths. The results of the analytical approach are then compared to the test data obtained on a half-scale pump model which was tested in water. The details are presented of pump internal hydraulic analysis, and test and evaluation of the half-scale model test results

Blockchain-Based Transaction Validation Protocol for a Secure Distributed IoT Network

Funding Agency: 10.13039/501100010418-Institute for Information and Communications Technology Promotion (IITP), Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT); 10.13039/501100003621-Korea Government;Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Time-reversal violating rotation of polarization plane of light in gas placed in electric field

Rotation of polarization plane of light in gas placed in electric field is considered. Different factors causing this phenomenon are investigated. Angle of polarization plane rotation for transition 6S_{1/2} - 7S_{1/2} in cesium (lambda=539 nm) is estimated. The possibility to observe this effect experimentally is discussed.Comment: 10 pages, Late

Anti-Kondo resonance in transport through a quantum wire with a side-coupled quantum dot

An interacting quantum dot side-coupled to a perfect quantum wire is studied. Transport through the quantum wire is investigated by using an exact sum rule and the slave-boson mean field treatment. It is shown that the Kondo effect provides a suppression of the transmission due to the destructive interference of the ballistic channel and the Kondo channel. At finite temperatures, anti-resonance behavior is found as a function of the quantum dot level position, which is interpreted as a crossover from the high temperature Kondo phase to the low temperature charge fluctuation phase.Comment: 4 pages Revtex, 3 eps figure

From Fractional Chern Insulators to a Fractional Quantum Spin Hall Effect

We investigate the algebraic structure of flat energy bands a partial filling of which may give rise to a fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect (or a fractional Chern insulator) and a fractional quantum spin Hall effect. Both effects arise in the case of a sufficiently flat energy band as well as a roughly flat and homogeneous Berry curvature, such that the global Chern number, which is a topological invariant, may be associated with a local non-commutative geometry. This geometry is similar to the more familiar situation of the fractional quantum Hall effect in two-dimensional electron systems in a strong magnetic field.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure; published version with labels in Figs. 2 and 3 correcte

Twisted Vortices in a Gauge Field Theory

We inspect a particular gauge field theory model that describes the properties of a variety of physical systems, including a charge neutral two-component plasma, a Gross-Pitaevskii functional of two charged Cooper pair condensates, and a limiting case of the bosonic sector in the Salam-Weinberg model. It has been argued that this field theory model also admits stable knot-like solitons. Here we produce numerical evidence in support for the existence of these solitons, by considering stable axis-symmetric solutions that can be thought of as straight twisted vortex lines clamped at the two ends. We compute the energy of these solutions as a function of the amount of twist per unit length. The result can be described in terms of a energy spectral function. We find that this spectral function acquires a minimum which corresponds to a nontrivial twist per unit length, strongly suggesting that the model indeed supports stable toroidal solitons.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, title changed, minor revisions, and more references adde

Supersymmetric CP Violation in B→Xsl+l−B \to X_s l^+ l^- in Minimal Supergravity Model

Direct CP asymmetries and the CP violating normal polarization of lepton in inclusive decay B \to X_s l^+ l^- are investigated in minimal supergravity model with CP violating phases. The contributions coming from exchanging neutral Higgs bosons are included. It is shown that the direct CP violation in branching ratio, A_{CP}^1, is of {\cal{O}}(10^{-3}) for l=e, \mu, \tau. The CP violating normal polarization for l=\mu can reach 0.5 percent when tan\beta is large (say, 36). For l=\tau and in the case of large \tan\beta, the direct CP violation in backward-forward asymmetry, A_{CP}^2, can reach one percent, the normal polarization of \tau can be as large as a few percent, and both are sensitive to the two CP violating phases, \phi_\mu and \phi_{A_0}, and consequently it could be possible to observe them (in particular, the normal polarization of \tau) in the future B factories.Comment: 14 pages, latex, 5 figure