Total urinary polyphenols and ideal cardiovascular health metrics in Spanish adolescents enrolled in the SI Program: a cross-sectional study

To study the relationship between urinary total polyphenol excretion (TPE) in adolescents and ideal cardiovascular (CVH) metrics. 1151 adolescents aged 12.04 (0.46) years participating in the SI! Program for Secondary Schools were selected based on the availability of urine samples and information required to assess CVH metrics. Data on health behaviours (smoking status, body mass index, physical activity, and healthy diet) and health factors (blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose) were used to calculate the CVH metrics. TPE in urine was analysed by a Folin-Ciocalteu method after solid-phase extraction. Associations between TPE (categorized into tertiles) and CVH metrics (total and separate scores) were assessed using multilevel mixed-effect regression models. Higher TPE levels were associated with higher (healthier) CVH scores and ideal smoking status (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.10; 1.87, p value = 0.007), physical activity (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.02; 1.23, p value = 0.022) and total cholesterol (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.16; 2.73, p value = 0.009) after multivariate adjustment. An association between TPE and total CVH scores was observed only in boys. Girls with higher TPE had higher rates of ideal total cholesterol and blood pressure. According to our findings, higher urinary TPE is related to better CVH scores, with relevant differences in this association by gender

Psychosocial Treatment of Children in Foster Care: A Review

A substantial number of children in foster care exhibit psychiatric difficulties. Recent epidemiologi-cal and historical trends in foster care, clinical findings about the adjustment of children in foster care, and adult outcomes are reviewed, followed by a description of current approaches to treatment and extant empirical support. Available interventions for these children can be categorized as either symptom-focused or systemic, with empirical support for specific methods ranging from scant to substantial. Even with treatment, behavioral and emotional problems often persist into adulthood, resulting in poor functional outcomes. We suggest that self-regulation may be an important mediat-ing factor in the appearance of emotional and behavioral disturbance in these children

Riociguat treatment in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: Final safety data from the EXPERT registry

Objective: The soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator riociguat is approved for the treatment of adult patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and inoperable or persistent/recurrent chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) following Phase

Metabolic Changes Induced By Energy Restriction And Vitamin E Supplementation In Exercised Rats [alterações Metabólicas Induzidas Pela Restrição Energética E Pela Suplementação Com Vitamina E Em Ratos Submetidos Ao Exercício]

The effects of energy (carbohydrate) restriction and vitamin E supplementation on some exercise-induced metabolic modifications in rats were studied. Male Wistar, eleven-week old rats were fed control, or restricted amounts of a modified control, or control plus vitamin E diets. After feeding the diets for five months, the animals in each group were divided into exercised and non-exercised categories. Before being killed, the rats of the exercised category were required to run on a treadmill to exhaustion. Hepatic and muscular glycogen, plasma glucose, plasma insulin and blood lactate were determined and the time to reach exhaustion was registered. Energy restriction increased hepatic glycogen and resistance to exhaustive exercise and, associated to exercise, lowered the plasma glucose levels. Vitamin E supplementation decreased the resistance to exhaustion in the exercised animals, when compared to energy restriction, but this reduction was not significant in relation to control diet. These results indicate that energy restriction improved physical performance, but vitamin E supplementation did not present the same effect.153283290Cartee, G.D., Dean, D.J., Glucose transport with brief dietary restriction: Heterogeneous responses in muscles (1994) American Journal of Physiology, 266 (6), pp. E946-E952. , BethesdaColman, E., Katzel, L.I., Rogus, E., Coon, P., Muller, D., Goldberg, A.P., Weight loss reduces abdominal fat and improves insulin action in middle-aged and older men with impaired glucose tolerance (1995) Metabolism, 44 (11), pp. 1502-1508. , BaltimoreDesbuquois, B., Aurbach, G.D., Use of polyethylene glycol to separate free and antibody-bound peptide hormone in radioimmunoassays (1971) Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 33 (5), pp. 732-738. , PhiladelphiaGarrido, A., Gárate, M., Campos, R., Villa, A., Nieto, S., Valenzuela, A., Increased susceptibility of cellular membranes to the induction of oxidative stress after ingestion of high doses of fish oil: Effect of aging and protective action of dl-α-tocoferol supplementation (1993) Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 4 (2), pp. 118-122. , Chapel HillGoldfarb, A.H., Antioxidants: Role of supplementation to prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress (1993) Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 25 (2), pp. 232-236. , IndianapolisHargreaves, M., Carbohydrates and exercise (1991) Journal of Sports Sciences, 9, pp. 17-28. , LondonHassid, W.Z., Abraham, S., Chemical procedures for analysis of polysaccharides (1957) Methods in Enzymology, 3, pp. 34-36. , New YorkKemnitz, J.W., Roecker, E.B., Weindruch, R., Elson, D.F., Baum, S.T., Bergman, R.N., Dietary restriction increases insulin sensitivity and lowers blood glucose in rhesus monkeys (1994) American Journal of Physiology, 266 (4 PART 1), pp. E540-E547. , BethesdaLeibovitz, B.E., Hu, M.L., Tappel, A.L., Lipid peroxidation in rat tissue slices: Effect of dietary vitamin E, corn oil-lard and menhaden oil (1990) Lipids, 25 (3), pp. 125-129. , ChampaignLemon, P.W.R., Dietary protein requeriments in athletes (1997) Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry, 8 (2), pp. 52-60. , Chapel HillMasoro, E.J., Shimokawa, I., Yu, B.P., Retardation of the aging processes in rats by food restriction (1991) Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 621, pp. 337-352. , New YorkMcDonald, R.B., Some considerations for the development of diets for mature rodents used in long-term investigations (1997) Journal of Nutrition, 127 (5), pp. 847S-850S. , BethesdaNovelli, G.P., Bracciotti, G., Falsini, S., Spin-trappers and vitamin E prolong endurance to muscle fatigue in mice (1990) Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 8 (1), pp. 9-13. , NewtonPaolisso, G., D'Amore, A., Giugliano, D., Ceriello, A., Varricchio, M., D'Onofrio, F., Pharmacologic doses of vitamin E improve insulin action in healthy subjects and non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients (1993) American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57 (5), pp. 650-656. , BethesdaReeves, P.G., Nielsen, F.H., Fahey G.C., Jr., AIN-93 purified diets for laboratory rodents: Final report of the American Institute of Nutrition Ad Hoc Writing Committee on the reformulation of the AIN-76 rodent diet (1993) Journal of Nutrition, 123 (11), pp. 1939-1951. , BethesdaSen, C.K., Atalay, M., Agren, J., Laaksonen, D.E., Roy, S., Hanninen, O., Fish oil and vitamin E supplementation in oxidative stress at rest and after physical exercise (1997) Journal of Applied Physiology, 83 (1), pp. 189-195. , BethesdaSilva, M.S., (1998) Efeito da Restrição Dietética nas Etapas Iniciais da Ação Insulínica em Ratos Wistar Machos Com 2 e 14 Meses de Idade, , Campinas, 1998. 80p. 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Emergence potential of sylvatic dengue virus type 4 in the urban transmission cycle is restrained by vaccination and homotypic immunity

10.1016/j.virol.2013.01.018Virology439134-41VIRL