Use of enriched live prey in promoting growth and maturation of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of nutritional management of broodstock of Penaeus monodon on growth and maturation. Test specimens were obtained from a grow-out pond before attainment of maturity and were reared in hatchery tanks. Four types of dietary treatments (M1–M4) were given to separate batches that were run in duplicate. Feeding trials continued for five months. A diet with live bloodworm, bioencapsulated to contain tricalcic phosphate as its major component, was found to be the most efficient. Specimens of this particular batch assimilated food more efficiently, grew at a faster rate and attained maturity earlier than other groups. Bloodworm provided the lipid fractions for which there is no de novo synthesis in shrimp. The enrichment product acted by promoting somatic growth and increasing transfer of biochemical constituents needed by the ovary for develo

Use of enriched live prey in promoting growth and maturation of tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of nutritional management of broodstock of Penaeus monodon on growth and maturation. Test specimens were obtained from a grow-out pond before attainment of maturity and were reared in hatchery tanks. Four types of dietary treatments (M1–M4) were given to separate batches that were run in duplicate. Feeding trials continued for five months. A diet with live bloodworm, bioencapsulated to contain tricalcic phosphate as its major component, was found to be the most efficient. Specimens of this particular batch assimilated food more efficiently, grew at a faster rate and attained maturity earlier than other groups. Bloodworm provided the lipid fractions for which there is no de novo synthesis in shrimp. The enrichment product acted by promoting somatic growth and increasing transfer of biochemical constituents needed by the ovary for development.Shrimp culture, Feeding experiments, Nutritional requirements, Diets, Growth, Sexual maturity Penaeus monodon

Initial studies on the legume: rhizobium symbiosis

Twenty strains of cowpea Rhizobium have been screened to date for their ability to form nodules and to fix nitrogen using the Leonard jar assembly. The strains were tested on Ife Brown, TVu 1190, and TVx 222-01B. From among the twenty, four promising strains were selected. The nodulation and nitro-gen fixing ability of these strains plus Nitragin commercial inoculant on the three cowpea varieties were tested in two soils in the greenhouse. Many of the selected strains caused an increase in the count of nodules on Ife Brown in both Apomu and Egbeda soils. Inoculation with the selected strains improved nodulation on TVx 22-01B in Apomu but not in Egbeda soil. Innoculation of cowpea Rhizobium did not increase the numbers of nodules formed on TVu 1190 in any of the soils. In an experiment performed in the greenhouse in which inoculated seeds were either pelleted or not pelleted, it was shown that nodulation was not affected by the pelleting material used. However, the uninoculated controls were practically not nodulated. Counts of the rhizosphere population of R. japonicum revealed that greater numbers of the bacteria persisted in the soil planted with pe11eted seeds than where only inoculation was practised. The best pelleting material was rock phosphate followed by CaSi03

Interference Effects in Multiple Gaseous Diffusion Flames

Interference effects in multiple diffusion flames have been investigated. The study involved the experimental determination of flame heights of LPG diffusion flames issuing through orifices of two different diameters, viz., 1.3 and 1.7 mm. arranged in two different configurations, as a function of nozzle velocity and spacing between individual jets. The flame heights were measured from direct photographs. The interference effects arise principally as a result of oxygen starvation at close separation and lead to increased flame sizes:These effects are more pronounced in the five-burner arrangement and for the smaller orifice. They decrease with both spacing and nozzle velocity

What enables Islamic banks to contribute in global financial reintermediation?

Conventional banks which once were competing with non-banking financial institutions and capital markets today face the new challenge of being reintermediated by Islamic banks. Earlier academic research has been debating over disintermediation and reintermediation of conventional banks, but consistently failed to address reintermediation through Islamic banks as a possibility. This study, however, fills the void by addressing the novel possibility of reintermediation “within” the banking sector and is the first attempt to analyze and compare Islamic and conventional banks from the perspective of reintermediated financial markets. After identifying the reintermediation trends led by Islamic banks we investigate several bank specific financial and non-financial characteristics that might have enabled Islamic banks to emerge as an important player in reintermediated financial markets. By keeping our focus on slightly modified version of CAMELS framework where ‘S’ represents “Service Quality” we find that along with better capitalization (C) and improved liquidity (L), better service quality (S) is another distinguished feature of Islamic banks that might be linked with their high degree of intermediation

The good, the bad, and the ugly: divorced mothers’ experiences with coparenting

This study produces a grounded theory of how 20 predominantly White, well-educated women experienced sharing physical custody of their children with their former partners after divorce or separation. Three patterns of coparenting were identified in the data: continuously contentious, always amicable, and bad to better. Five negative factors and three positive factors that influenced mothers’ coparenting relationships were identified. The type of relationship women had with their ex-partners was related to how they shared custody of their children (e.g., how they exchanged their children). The findings of this study suggest that shared physical custody relationships are dynamic and can vary greatly

The Trypanosome Rab-Related Proteins RabX1 and RabX2 Play No Role in IntraCellular Trafficking but May Be Involved in Fly Infectivity

BACKGROUND: Rab GTPases constitute the largest subgroup of the Ras superfamily and are primarily involved in vesicle targeting. The full extent of Rab family function is unexplored. Several divergent Rab-like proteins are known but few have been characterized. In Trypanosoma brucei there are sixteen Rab genes, but RabX1, RabX2 and RabX3 are divergent within canonical sequence regions. Where known, trypanosome Rab functions are broadly conserved when orthologous relationships may be robustly established, but specific functions for RabX1, X2 and X3 have yet to be determined. RabX1 and RabX2 originated via tandem duplication and subcellular localization places RabX1 at the endoplasmic reticulum, while RabX2 is at the Golgi complex, suggesting distinct functions. We wished to determine whether RabX1 and RabX2 are involved in vesicle transport or other cellular processes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Using comparative genomics we find that RabX1 and RabX2 are restricted to trypanosomatids. Gene knockout indicates that RabX1 and RabX2 are non-essential. Simultaneous RNAi knockdown of both RabX1 and RabX2, while partial, was also non-lethal and may suggest non-redundant function, consistent with the distinct locations of the proteins. Analysis of the knockout cell lines unexpectedly failed to uncover a defect in exocytosis, endocytosis or in the morphology or location of multiple markers for the endomembrane system, suggesting that neither RabX1 nor RabX2 has a major role in intracellular transport. However, it was apparent that RabX1 and RabX2 knockout cells displayed somewhat enhanced survival within flies. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: RabX1 and RabX2, two members of the trypanosome Rab subfamily, were shown to have no major detectable role in intracellular transport, despite the localization of each gene product to highly specific endomembrane compartments. These data extend the functional scope of Rab proteins in trypanosomes to include non-canonical roles in differentiation-associated processes in protozoa

Behavioural Patterns Analysis of Low Entropy People Using Proximity Data

Over the years, wireless enabled mobile devices have become an important part of our daily activities that can provide rich contextual information about the location and environment of an individual (for example who is in your proximity? and where are you?). Advancement in technology has opened several horizons to analyse and model this contextual information for human behaviour understanding. Objective of this research work is to utilise this information from wireless proximity data to find repeated patterns in daily life activities and individual behaviours. These repeated patterns can give information about the unusual activities and behaviour of an individual. To validate and further investigate this concept, we used Bluetooth proximity data in this paper. Repeated activity patterns and behaviour of low entropy mobile people are detected by using two different techniques, N-gram and correlative matrix techniques. Primary purpose was to find out whether contextual information obtained from Bluetooth proximity data is useful for activities and behaviour detection of individuals. Results have shown that these repeated patterns not only show short term daily routines but can also show the long term routines such as, monthly or yearly patterns in an individual’s daily life that can further help to analyse more complex and abnormal routines of human behaviour

A Framework to Recognise Daily Life Activities with Wireless Proximity and Object Usage Data

The profusion of wireless enabled mobile devices in daily life routine and advancement in pervasive computing has opened new horizons to analyse and model the contextual information. This contextual information (for example, proximity data and location information) can be very helpful in analysing the human behaviours. Wireless proximity data can provide important information about the behaviour and daily life routines of an individual. In this paper, we used Bluetooth proximity data to validate this concept by detecting repeated activity patterns and behaviour of low entropy mobile people by using n-gram and correlative matrix techniques. Primary purpose is to find out whether contextual information obtained from Bluetooth proximity data is useful for activities and behaviour detection of individuals. Repeated patterns found in Bluetooth proximity data can also show the long term routines such as, monthly or yearly patterns in an individual's daily life that can further help to analyse more complex and abnormal routines of human behaviour