Response of Watermelon Cultivars against Viral Diseases under Natural Field Condition

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (Thunb) Mastum and Nakai, synonyms: C. vulgaris) is a very common summer crop in World. It is also grown in lower Himalayan region to other parts of India such as Punjab, Haryana, Karnataka, Assam, West Bengal, Orissa ,Himanchal Pradesh, Tamil Nadu Rajasthan and  Uttar Pradesh. It is an excellent source of vitamin A and C and one cup of waterelon juice contain 48.59 mg of vit. C and 556.32 IU of vit. A besides 48 calorie of energy. At present almost all the cultivated varieties are found to be susceptible for virus infection. No symptomatic studies have been done on management of watermelon through host resistance. The present investigation was under taken to identify resistant/tolerant cultivar for viral diseases of watermelon

Assessing the suitability of rice cultivation in Muvumba P-8 marshland of Rwanda using soil properties

This paper deals with the estimation of different soil properties of Muvumba P-8 marshland in Rwanda to assess the soil for its suitability for rice cultivation. The objective of the research is to determine the soil properties. Properties like texture, bulk density, total available water, infiltration rate, hydraulic conductivity and permeability were determined. Soil properties were estimated for different soil depths of 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 cm. It was found that the layer of the soil with 0-15, 15-30 and 30-45 cm is having the soil texture of sandy clay loam and the depth of 45-60 cm is having the texture of clay loam. The soil of the plots with depths like 0-15, 15-30, 30-45 and 45-60 cm are having the clay content of 21, 25, 26 and 38% respectively and are having the bulk densities of 1.38, 1.29, 1.33 and 1.12 gm/cm3. It shows that clay content increases as the depth of the soil increases. The average total available water for three different depths mentioned are 8.5, 11.2, 15.5 and 16.5 mm and it varies from 4.5 mm to 26.4 mm. The data were analysed by using GENISTAT in order to get the difference of variation. The average infiltration rate of the field at Muvumba P-8 marshland was 12.8 mm/hour. It means that a water layer of 12.8 mm on the soil surface will take one hour to infiltrate. The experimental plot at Muvumba P-8 marshland was found to be moderately slow infiltration rate but it has rapid permeability. It indicates that there is slow entry of water in top soil surface but the percolation will be faster due rapid permeability. It is good for rice cultivation. Keywords: Soil properties-weather parameters-marshland-assessment-rice cultivatio

Early Stages of Homopolymer Collapse

Interest in the protein folding problem has motivated a wide range of theoretical and experimental studies of the kinetics of the collapse of flexible homopolymers. In this Paper a phenomenological model is proposed for the kinetics of the early stages of homopolymer collapse following a quench from temperatures above to below the theta temperature. In the first stage, nascent droplets of the dense phase are formed, with little effect on the configurations of the bridges that join them. The droplets then grow by accreting monomers from the bridges, thus causing the bridges to stretch. During these two stages the overall dimensions of the chain decrease only weakly. Further growth of the droplets is accomplished by the shortening of the bridges, which causes the shrinking of the overall dimensions of the chain. The characteristic times of the three stages respectively scale as the zeroth, 1/5 and 6/5 power of the the degree of polymerization of the chain.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure

New distributional record of <em>Obelia longissima</em> (Pallas, 1766) from Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica

1692-1694The benthic hydroid Obelia longissima (Pallas, 1766), earlier known from western peninsular region of Antarctica has been described for the first time from Easther Island of Larsemann Hills, East Antarctica

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Not AvailableSolar Photovoltaic (PV) pump operated drip irrigation system has been designed and developed for growing orchards in arid region considering different design parameters like pumps size, water requirements, the diurnal variation in the pressure of the pump due to change in irradiance and pressure compensation in the drippers. The system comprising a PV pump with 900 Wp PV array and 800 W dc motor-pump mono-block, micro filter, main and submains and three open-able low-pressure compensating drippers on each plant was field tested. The emission uniformity was observed to be 92–94% with discharge of 3.8 l/h in the pressure range of 70–100 kPa provided by the pump and thus the system could irrigate some 1 ha area within 2 h. Based on the performance of the PV pump and the drip system, it was inferred that about 5 ha area of orchard could be covered. The projected benefit–cost ratio for growing pomegranate orchards with such a system was evaluated to be above 2 even with the costly PV pump and therefore the system was considered to be an appropriate technology for the development of arid region.Not Availabl

The impact of VKORC1-1639 G>A polymorphism on the maintenance dose of oral anticoagulants for thromboembolic prophylaxis in North India: A pilot study

Background: The dose requirements for oral anticoagulants in thromboembolic events are influenced by promoter polymorphism in the VKORC1 gene. However, limited data are available on the influence of the polymorphism in various Indian populations. The present study aimed at determining the relationship between the VKORC1-1639 G>A genotypes and maintenance doses of oral anticoagulants for therapeutically stable INR values in patients taking Acitrom after valve replacement surgery. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients from the northern Indian region were genotyped for VKORC1-1639 G>A by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. Means of the weight-normalized daily Acitrom dose were calculated for every patient. Results and Discussion: The VKORC1 - 1639G>A minor allele frequency in the study population (n = 50) was found to be 22%. The patients with a wild type genotype required the maximum drug dose as suggested for full functionality of the enzyme. Heterozygous patients were found to have an intermediate drug dose and the patients with a variant homozygous genotype had the minimum maintenance drug dose requirement. These findings are in concurrence with the effect of the promoter polymorphism on vitamin K epoxide reductase activity. Conclusion : The VKORC1-1639 G>A status can be indicative of establishing the therapeutic dose of oral anticoagulants in Indian patients

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