In-Vitro cytotoxicity activity of Mallotus oppositifolius and Enantia polycarpa extracts against Human Foreskin Fibroblast (HFF) Cell Line

The use of plants in traditional medicine become very common nowadays throughout the world and in developing countries in particular. The current study was carried out aiming to evaluate the cytotoxicity of Mallotus oppositifolius (Geisel.) Müll.-Arg (Euphorbiaceae) and Enantia polycarpa (DC) Engl. and Diels (Annonaceae) two medicinal plants mostly used for human traditional medicine to treat diarrhea in Côte d’Ivoire on Human Foreskin Fibroblast (HFF) cells. These plants were selected after ethno-botanical investigations in southern Côte d’Ivoire. Therefore, The results proved that the ethanolic extract of Enantia polycarpa showed the biggest yield (56,4%). The 70 % éthanolic extract of Mallotus oppositifolius is not cytotoxic at 1000 µg / ml concentration, but mitogen. Our study has shown that the ethanolic extract of Mallotus oppositifolius stimulates HFF cells (131% of viability confluents cells and 156% of viability cells in division). While Enantia polycarpa seems cytotoxic on HFF cells at 1000 µg / ml concentration (36% of viability confluents cells and 55% of viability cells in division). The study revealed that the moderate use of these medicinal plants only represents a limited risk of toxicity

Etude ethnobotanique, évaluation in vitro de l’activité antifongique et cytotoxique des extraits de Enantia polycarpa (DC) Engl. et Diels (Annonaceae)

En Afrique subsaharienne, les écorces de Enantia polycarpa (DC) Engl. et Diels sont utilisés dans le traitement de nombreuses affections cutanées et digestives. Afin de justifier cette utilisation traditionnelle, la présente étude a été entreprise pour étudier le mode de préparation, d’évaluer l’activité antifongique et cytotoxique in vitro des écorces de Enantia polycarpa sur Candida albicans et des cellules HFF (Human Foreskin Fibroblast). Des extraits totaux aqueux (ETA), éthanolique 70% (EE70%) et résiduels aqueux (ERA) des écorces de Enantia polycarpa ont été préparés et testés in vitro. L’extrait éthanolique a montré le plus grand rendement (56,4%) et s’est avéré plus efficace sur la croissance de Candida albicans avec une valeur de concentration minimale fongicide (CMF) de 1,56 mg/ml et une concentration inhibitrice 50% (CI50) de 0,58 mg/ml, justifiant certainement l’usage de la plante en médecine traditionnelle. Le test de cytotoxicité réalisé in vitro sur des cellules HFF a mis en évidence des effets cytotoxiques de la plante sur les cellules humaines à des concentrations de 125 à 1000 μg/ml, suggérant ainsi la prise de précaution quant à l’emploi de cette substance végétale dans le traitement traditionnel.© 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés: Mode de préparation, Candida albicans, cytotoxicité, Cellules HFF ; Enantia polycarpaEnglish Title: Ethnobotanical study, in vitro evaluation of antifungal and cytotoxic activity of Enantia polycarpa (DC) Engl. and Diels (Annonaceae) extractsEnglish AbstractIn sub-Saharan Africa, the bark of Enantia polycarpa (DC) Engl. and Diels are used in the treatment of numerous skin and digestive disorders. To justify this traditional use, the present study was undertaken to study the mode of preparation, to evaluate the in vitro antifungal and cytotoxic activity of the barks of Enantia polycarpa on Candida albicans and HFF (Human Foreskin Fibroblast) cells. Aqueous, ethanolic 70% and residual extracts of Enantia polycarpa stem barks were prepared and tested in vitro. The ethanolic extract showed the highest efficiency (56,4 pc.) and proved more effective on the growth of Candida albicans with a  value of minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of 1.56 mg/ml and an inhibitory concentration 50 pc. (IC50) of 0.58 mg/ml, justifying the use of the plant in traditional medicine. The test of cytotoxicity realized in vitro on HFF cells highlighted cytotoxic effects of the plant on human cells in concentrations from 125 to 1000 μg/ml, so suggesting some precautions as for the use of this plant substance in the traditional treatment.© 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Mode of preparation, Candida albicans, cytotoxicity, HFF cells; Enantia polycarp