7,141 research outputs found
Monoidal Hom-Hopf algebras
Hom-structures (Lie algebras, algebras, coalgebras, Hopf algebras) have been
investigated in the literature recently. We study Hom-structures from the point
of view of monoidal categories; in particular, we introduce a symmetric
monoidal category such that Hom-algebras coincide with algebras in this
monoidal category, and similar properties for coalgebras, Hopf algebras and Lie
algebras.Comment: 25 pages; extended version: compared to the version that appeared in
Comm. Algebra, the Section Preliminary Results and Remarks 5.1 and 6.1 have
been adde
Pattern formation of microtubules and motors: inelastic interaction of polar rods
We derive a model describing spatio-temporal organization of an array of
microtubules interacting via molecular motors. Starting from a stochastic model
of inelastic polar rods with a generic anisotropic interaction kernel we obtain
a set of equations for the local rods concentration and orientation. At large
enough mean density of rods and concentration of motors, the model describes
orientational instability. We demonstrate that the orientational instability
leads to the formation of vortices and (for large density and/or kernel
anisotropy) asters seen in recent experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. E, Rapid Communication
A Laplace Transform Method for Molecular Mass Distribution Calculation from Rheometric Data
Polydisperse linear polymer melts can be microscopically described by the
tube model and fractal reptation dynamics, while on the macroscopic side the
generalized Maxwell model is capable of correctly displaying most of the
rheological behavior. In this paper, a Laplace transform method is derived and
different macroscopic starting points for molecular mass distribution
calculation are compared to a classical light scattering evaluation. The
underlying assumptions comprise the modern understanding on polymer dynamics in
entangled systems but can be stated in a mathematically generalized way. The
resulting method is very easy to use due to its mathematical structure and it
is capable of calculating multimodal molecular mass distributions of linear
polymer melts
Flow-History-Dependent Behavior in Entangled Polymer Melt Flow with Multiscale Simulation
Polymer melts represent the flow-history-dependent behavior. To clearly show
this behavior, we have investigated flow behavior of an entangled polymer melt
around two cylinders placed in tandem along the flow direction in a two
dimensional periodic system. In this system, the polymer states around a
cylinder in downstream side are different from the ones around another cylinder
in upstream side because the former ones have a memory of a strain experienced
when passing around the cylinder in upstream side but the latter ones do not
have the memory. Therefore, the shear stress distributions around two cylinders
are found to be different from each other. Moreover, we have found that the
averaged flow velocity decreases accordingly with increasing the distance
between two cylinders while the applied external force is constant. While this
behavior is consistent with that of the Newtonian fluid, the
flow-history-dependent behavior enhances the reduction of the flow resistance.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of 5th International Mini-Symposium
on Liquid
A multi-wavelength view of galaxy evolution with AKARI
AKARI's all-sky survey resolves the far-infrared emission in many thousands
of nearby galaxies, providing essential local benchmarks against which the
evolution of high-redshift populations can be measured. This review presents
some recent results in the resolved galaxy populations, covering some
well-known nearby targets, as well as samples from major legacy surveys such as
the Herschel Reference Survey and the JCMT Nearby Galaxies Survey. This review
also discusses the prospects for higher redshifts surveys, including strong
gravitational lens clusters and the AKARI NEP field.Comment: Accepted for Publications of the Korean Astronomical Society
(September 30, 2012 issue, volume 27, No. 3), Proceedings of the Second AKARI
conference, Legacy of AKARI: A Panoramic View of the Dusty Universe. 6 page
Conformational transformations induced by the charge-curvature interaction at finite temperature
The role of thermal fluctuations on the conformational dynamics of a single
closed filament is studied. It is shown that, due to the interaction between
charges and bending degrees of freedom, initially circular aggregates may
undergo transformation to polygonal shape. The transition occurs both in the
case of hardening and softening charge-bending interaction. In the former case
the charge and curvature are smoothly distributed along the chain while in the
latter spontaneous kink formation is initiated. The transition to a
non-circular conformation is analogous to the phase transition of the second
kind.Comment: 23 pages (Latex), 10 figures (Postscript), 2 biblio file (bib-file
and bbl-file
Mean first passage times for bond formation for a Brownian particle in linear shear flow above a wall
Motivated by cell adhesion in hydrodynamic flow, here we study bond formation
between a spherical Brownian particle in linear shear flow carrying receptors
for ligands covering the boundary wall. We derive the appropriate Langevin
equation which includes multiplicative noise due to position-dependent mobility
functions resulting from the Stokes equation. We present a numerical scheme
which allows to simulate it with high accuracy for all model parameters,
including shear rate and three parameters describing receptor geometry
(distance, size and height of the receptor patches). In the case of homogeneous
coating, the mean first passage time problem can be solved exactly. In the case
of position-resolved receptor-ligand binding, we identify different scaling
regimes and discuss their biological relevance.Comment: final version after minor revision
Morphological Classification of Galaxies by Shapelet Decomposition in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey II: Multiwavelength Classification
We describe the application of the `shapelet' linear decomposition of galaxy
images to multi-wavelength morphological classification using the
and -band images of 1519 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We
utilize elliptical shapelets to remove to first-order the effect of inclination
on morphology. After decomposing the galaxies we perform a principal component
analysis on the shapelet coefficients to reduce the dimensionality of the
spectral morphological parameter space. We give a description of each of the
first ten principal component's contribution to a galaxy's spectral morphology.
We find that galaxies of different broad Hubble type separate cleanly in the
principal component space. We apply a mixture of Gaussians model to the
2-dimensional space spanned by the first two principal components and use the
results as a basis for classification. Using the mixture model, we separate
galaxies into three classes and give a description of each class's physical and
morphological properties. We find that the two dominant mixture model classes
correspond to early and late type galaxies, respectively. The third class has,
on average, a blue, extended core surrounded by a faint red halo, and typically
exhibits some asymmetry. We compare our method to a simple cut on color
and find the shapelet method to be superior in separating galaxies.
Furthermore, we find evidence that the decision boundary may not be
optimal for separation between early and late type galaxies, and suggest that
the optimal cut may be .Comment: 42 pages, 18 figs, revised version in press at AJ. Some modification
to the technique, more discussion, addition/deletion/modification of several
figures, color figures have been added. A high resolution version may be
obtained at
http://bllac.as.arizona.edu/~bkelly/shapelets/shapelets_ugriz.ps.g
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