1,370 research outputs found
The Effect of Participation in Government Consortia on the R&D Productivity of Firms: A Case Study of Robot Technology in Japan
This paper examines the effect of participation in government-sponsored R&D consortia on the R&D productivity of firms in the case of robot technology in Japan. We attempt to provide a new empirical analysis and discussions on the issue of government project evaluation by using indicators of the quality of patents, by investigating the impact of the evolution of government programs, and comparing government-sponsored R&D consortia with collaborative R&D among firms. Using indicators of the quality of patents which enables us to provide an estimation of quality-adjusted research productivity, we find that participation in government programs has a positive impact on the research productivity of participating firms, but the impact of participation became much higher after the design of government programs in this field changed in the late 1990s. Also, we find that participation in government-sponsored consortia has a greater impact on research productivity than participation in collaborative R&D among firms. This may support government involvement in R&D as a coordinator of R&D collaboration.industrial policy, robot thchnology, Japanese innovation system, collaborative R&D
Macroscopic quantum dynamics of pi-junctions with ferromagnetic insulators
We theoretically investigate the macroscopic quantum dynamics of a pi
junction with a superconductor (S) and a multiferroic material or a
ferromagnetic insulator (FI). By deriving the effective action from a
microscopic Hamiltonian, a pi-junction qubit (a S-FI-S superconducting quantum
interference device ring) is proposed. In this qubit, a quantum two-level
system is spontaneously generated and the effect of the quasiparticle
dissipation is found to be very weak. These features make it possible to
realize a quiet qubit with high coherency. We also investigate macroscopic
quantum tunneling (MQT) in current-biased S-FI-S pi junctions and show that the
influence of the quasiparticle dissipation on MQT is negligibly small.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Topological superconductivity in bilayer Rashba system
We theoretically study a possible topological superconductivity in the
interacting two layers of Rashba systems, which can be fabricated by the
hetero-structures of semiconductors and oxides. The hybridization, which
induces the gap in the single particle dispersion, and the electron-electron
interaction between the two layers leads to the novel phase diagram of the
superconductivity. It is found that the topological superconductivity {\it
without breaking time-reversal symmetry} is realized when (i) the Fermi energy
is within the hybridization gap, and (ii) the inter-layer interaction is
repulsive, both of which can be satisfied in realistic systems. Edge channels
are studied in a tight-binding model numerically, and the several predictions
on experiments are also given.Comment: 5 page
Theory of Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling and Dissipation in High-Tc Josephson Junctions
We have investigated macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) in in-plane high-Tc
superconductor Josephson junctions and the influence of the nodal-quasiparticle
and the zero energy bound states (ZES) on MQT. We have shown that the presence
of the ZES at the interface between the insulator and the superconductor leads
to strong Ohmic quasiparticle dissipation. Therefore, the MQT rate is
noticeably suppressed in comparison with the c-axis junctions in which ZES are
completely absent.Comment: 4 pages. 1 figur
Effect of zero energy bound states on macroscopic quantum tunneling in high-Tc superconductor junctions
The macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT) in the current biased high-Tc
superconductor Josephson junctions and the effect of the zero energy bound
states (ZES) on the MQT are theoretically investigated. We obtained the
analytical formula of the MQT rate and showed that the presence of the ZES at
the normal/superconductor interface leads to a strong Ohmic quasiparticle
dissipation. Therefore, the MQT rate is noticeably inhibited in compared with
the c-axis junctions in which the ZES are completely absent.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure, comment and reference about recent experiment
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Josephson pi-state in a ferromagnetic insulator
We predict anomalous atomic-scale 0-pi transitions in a Josephson junction
with a ferromagnetic-insulator (FI) barrier. The ground state of such junction
alternates between 0- and pi-states when thickness of FI is increasing by a
single atomic layer. We find that the mechanism of the 0-pi transition can be
attributed to thickness-dependent phase-shifts between the wave numbers of
electrons and holes in FI. Based on these results, we show that stable pi-state
can be realized in junctions based on high-Tc superconductors with
LaBaCuO barrier.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett. (2010) in pres
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