Doped Barium Titanate at Intermediate Stages of Synthesis of ВТО

This paper presents the results of synthesis and characterization of calcium 0doped nanocrystalline barium titanate powder with different concentration of doped elements ((Ba1-xCax) TiO3, were x 0; 0.02; 0.06; 0.1; 0.16; 0.2), produced by oxalate route. Calcium additives were added on the surface the samples of semidecomposed barium titanil oxalate. For synthesis were used simultaneously decomposition of unstable barium, titanium compositions and calcium salts. The semidecomposed barium titanil oxalate and doped barium titanate characterization carried out by specific surface area measurements, TEM, X-Ray. It is experimentally shown that Са2+ introduction reduces lattice parameter for samples that related with replacement of barium by calcium. Solubility of calcium in barium titanate nanopowders increase from 10 at % up to 16 at %. The second phase appears at 20 at %. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3547

Experimental study of VEGF immune expression dynamics in the retina using photoinduced BRVO model

Aim. To describe the dynamics of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immune expression in the retina using the model of photoinduced branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and to establish the terms of neovascularization appearance.Materials and methods. BRVO was modelled on 21 chinchilla rabbits (21 eyes) weighing 1.5‑2 kg (fellow eyes served as controls). Photosensitizer «Fotoditazin» (2.5 mg / kg) was injected intravenously. 15 min later, transpupillary laser irradiation of branch retinal vein near the optic nerve head was performed. Irradiation energy density was 200 J / cm2. Histological analysis and immunohistochemistry of the retina was performed following 30 min, at days 1, 2, 3, 7, 14 and 30.Results. Maximum VEGF accumulation in photoinduced BRVO model was observed on day 2. From day 3, direct neovascularization was confirmed. VEGF levels were stably high throughout the follow-up to the day 30 inclusive.Conclusion. VEGF immune expression in the retina using the model of BRVO induced by photodynamic exposure was explored for the first time. These data can serve as the basis for future studies in order to define optimal anti-VEGF agent, its dosage and terms to manage this condition

Macro-microscopic study of posterior vitreous detachment variants in an ex vivo experiment

Purpose. The key to understanding the development of any vitreoretinal pathology is a presence of a clear conception to possible variants of changes in the anatomical and topographic relationships of the posterior cortical layers of the vitreous body and the retinal internal limiting membrane (ILM) in a formation of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD).An original method of macro-microscopic examinations of anatomical objects proposed by professor V.P. Vorobyov, which includes investigations of morphological objects whose dimensions lie in the boundary area between macroscopic parameters studied by anatomists and microstructures studied by histologists, discover a new boundary area for the study of anatom ical structures.However, it has not been practically used in ophthalmology until now. The study of a process for changes in the vitreoretinal interface during the PVD occurrence is difficult due to a complexity of simulation, a possibility of visualization, and an absence of approved protocols for macro-microscopic research.Purpose. To study variants of anatomical and topographical changes in the vitreoretinal interface during the formation of induced PVD in ex vivo experiments using the method of macro-microscopic examination.Material and methods. The study was performed in 24 eyeballs of cadaver donors. To assess changes in the vitreoretinal interface in the process of PVD induction, an original method of dissection was used, that allows to isolate layer-by-layer the cortical layers of the vitreous body and the retinal ILM, with a possibility of further evaluation of changes in the vitreoretinal interface by the macro-microscopic examination. Salt barium sulfate suspension Video-contrast was used with the purpose to contrast vitreous fibers. Macroscopic investigation was carried out using the Topcon OMS-800 operating microscope with an indication from x8 to x21 magnification, microscopic changes were evaluated by the light microscopy method with x50, x100, x200, x400 x630 magnification using the Leica DM LB2 microscope with the subsequent photo r egistration.Results. During the macro-microscopic study, three variants of possible changes in the vitreoretinal interface during the development of induced PVD were revealed, which were interpreted as the normal (true) PVD and abnormal PVD, which occurred both with the formation (the variant A) of vitreoschisis zones (exfoliation of the cortical layers of the vitreous body) and with the zones of retinal ILM exfoliation (the variant B).Conclusion. The proposed method of macro-microscopic investigation of the vitreoretinal interface allows to dissect isolated sequentially layerby- layer the cortical layers of the vitreous body and the retinal ILM with subsequent fixation on a special substrate according to the original method and the possibility to carry out a histological section and its evaluation by the light m icroscopy method. The application of the developed method allows to accurately assess changes in the vitreoretinal interface on any isolated site of the vitreoretinal surface. The presented work demonstrates possibilities for the application of the method to detect variants of changes in the vitreoretinal interface within the formation of i nduced PVD

Персонифицированный подход к ведению пациентов с глаукомой продвинутых стадий. Выбор стратегических направлений антиглаукомной работы в Тюменской области

PURPOSE: To conduct a personalized analysis of patients with advanced stages of glaucoma in Tyumen region. To show the effectiveness of "Method of selecting strategic directions for improving the quality of eye care for glaucoma patients in the framework of the process approach" software product for dealing with this category of patients. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 1657 outpatients' case histories with first diagnosed advanced or terminal glaucoma in the period from 2011 to 2015. Clinical and sociological portraits of an advanced glaucoma patient were composed based on the "Register of Tyumen region glaucoma patients" automated system and by means of a sociological survey. Compliance of 680 glaucoma patients was assessed with Moriscos-Green clinical and psychological compliance scale. Screening for identification of patients with inadequate compliance was carried out. The correlation of treatment duration and compliance was studied. The efficacy of "Method of selecting strategic directions for improving the quality of eye care for glaucoma patients in the framework of the process approach" software product was investigated. RESULTS: During 5 years in Tyumen region 4 types of first diagnosed glaucoma (51% - mild, 18% - moderate, 22% - advanced, 9% - terminal) were revealed. Registration includes 9585 patients with glaucoma in Tyumen region. 1 657 patients had advanced stages of glaucoma. The ratio of men and women with advanced stages of glaucoma was 40 and 60%. Advanced stages of glaucoma more frequently occurred in men and women aged 70-85 years. The study revealed that by the end of the 5 year follow-up 15% of patients with advanced glaucoma remained compliant, 52% did not follow doctor's prescription, 33% showed insufficient compliance and composed the risk group for noncompliance. Patients with advanced-stage glaucoma regarded their quality of life as decreasing because of a lifelong treatment (52% patients), 33% - because of the illness itself and 15% patients - because of the glaucoma medicine side effects. CONCLUSION: Reasons of late glaucoma stages detection were analyzed. Reasons of low compliance to treatment in patients with advanced stages of glaucoma were studied. Clinical and sociological portrait of a patient with advanced stages of glaucoma was composed.ЦЕЛЬ. Провести персонифицированный анализ состояния пациентов с глаукомой продвинутых стадий в Тюменской области. Показать эффективность программного продукта «Способ выбора стратегических направлений для повышения качества офтальмологической помощи глаукомным больным в рамках процессного подхода» для работы с данной категорией пациентов. МЕТОДЫ. Проведен ретроспективный анализ 1 657 амбулаторных карт пациентов с диагнозом «впервые выявленная глаукома далеко зашедшей или терминальной стадий» в период с 2011 до 2015 г. На основании данных автоматизированной системы «Регистр больных глаукомой Тюменской области» и с помощью социологического анкетирования был составлен клинико-социологический портрет пациента с далеко зашедшей и терминальной глаукомой. С помощью клинико-психологической тестовой методики - шкалы комплаентности Мориски - Грин - проведена оценка комплаентности 680 пациентов с глаукомой, проведен скрининг для выявления недостаточно комплаентных больных и изучено влияние продолжительности лечения на комплаентность. Исследована эффективность программного продукта «Способ выбора стратегических направлений для повышения качества офтальмологической помощи глаукомным больным в рамках процессного подхода» для антиглаукомной работы. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Анализ структуры впервые выявленной глаукомы в Тюменской области на протяжении 5 лет показал, что, несмотря на преобладание ранних стадий впервые выявленной глаукомы - 69%, доля продвинутых стадий глаукомы достаточно велика и составляет 31%. На диспансерном учете в Тюменском области состоят 9 585 пациентов с глаукомой. Из них 1 657 - это пациенты с глаукомой продвинутых стадий. Соотношение мужчин и женщин среди пациентов с продвинутыми стадиями - 40 и 60%. Чаще продвинутая стадия глаукомы встречается у мужчин и женщин в возрастной группе от 70 до 85 лет. Выявлено, что к концу 5 года наблюдения 15% пациентов с продвинутыми стадиями глаукомы остаются комплаентными, 52% не соблюдают назначения врача, 33% недостаточно комплаентны, составляют группу риска некомплаентности. Пациенты с продвинутыми стадиями глаукомы отмечают снижение качества жизни из-за необходимости пожизненного лечения в 52%, из-за заболевания как такового - в 33%, из-за побочных эффектов принимаемого лечения - в 15%. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Проведен анализ структуры впервые выявленной глаукомы и причин позднего выявления запущенных стадий глаукомы, выявлены причины низкой приверженности лечению пациентов с глаукомой продвинутых стадий, составлен клинико-социологический портрет пациента с глаукомой

AS RELAÇÕES DE GÊNERO NOS CARGOS DE GESTÃO DA FACULDADE CEARENSE (FAC)

A inserção da mulher no mundo do trabalho e as recorrentes lutas por direitos iguais (tais como voto, o acesso ao ensino superior, a produção acadêmica e a profissionalização), trouxeram à tona a discussão acerca das desigualdades entre homens e mulheres. A pesquisa se propôs a responder a seguinte pergunta: Quais são as relações de gênero presentes na gestão feminina e masculina? O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as relações de gênero presentes nos cargos de coordenação da Faculdade Cearense (FAC). Dessa forma, têm-se como objetivos específicos: identificar o perfil dos/as gestores/as da faculdade; verificar a percepção dos coordenadores acerca das relações de gênero; identificar se existem diferenças entre a gestão feminina e a gestão masculina; compreender as relações de gênero existentes no âmbito organizacional. Através de entrevistas realizadas aos gestores e gestoras, como também por meio da análise do referencial teórico, apreendeu-se que as relações de gênero se manifestam no espaço organizacional das mais variadas formas, seja: na atuação dos/as gestores, no preconceito e discriminação enfrentados pelas mulheres, pelos papeis e atribuições diferenciados associados para cada sexo no espaço de trabalho, pela dificuldade das mulheres em conciliar a vida pessoal com a profissional, dentre outras

Дифференциальный подход к лечению пациентов с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой

PURPOSE: To evaluate Prolatan effectiveness in groups of patients with risk of glaucoma progression. METHODS: We used Moriscos-Green/Blank clinical and psychological tests-scales of compliance to assess 190 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). We revealed 57 out of 190 POAG patients (30%) to be insufficiently committed to their treatment. Among them were 22 (38%) women and 35 (62%) men with mean age 64.4±2.5 years. 18 (32%) patients were diagnosed with glaucoma within the last month before admission, while 39 (68%) patients had progressive glaucoma. All patients underwent standard ophthalmic examination and additional Humphrey standard automated perimetry (threshold 30-2 strategy) at baseline and after 3 months. RESULTS: Statistically significant non-compliance factors were the following: age over 60, male gender, POAG duration from 3 to 10 years, comorbid pathology, regimens comprising a large number of drugs, mild glaucoma, cognitive impairment and financial difficulties, hindering the purchase of medicinal products. On the average, Prolatan decreased IOP level by 33%. By the end of the 3rd month our study revealed retinal light sensitivity increase in all sectors of the visual field from 0 to 30 degrees due to IOP stabilization. CONCLUSION: Prolatan increases adherence to treatment by the end of the 3rd month of follow-up, which is associated with a reduction in the number of instillations, no side effects after instillation, patients’ good health during the treatment course, reduction of treatment material costs. ЦЕЛЬ. Оценить эффективность препарата Пролатан в группах риска прогрессирования глаукомы. МЕТОДЫ. С помощью клинико-психологической тестовой методики — шкалы комплаентности Мориски – Грин проведена оценка комплаентности 190 пациентов с первичной открытоугольной глаукомой (ПОУГ). Из 190 обследованных пациентов с ПОУГ недостаточно приверженными лечению были 57 (30%) пациентов. Среди них было 22 (38%) женщины и 35 (62%) мужчин, средний возраст составил 64,4±2,5 года. Впервые выявленная глаукома в течение 1 месяца была у 18 (32%) пациентов, некомпенсированная глаукома — у 39 (68%) больных. Проводили стандартное офтальмологическое исследование, дополнительно — статическую компьютерную периметрию на компьютерном периметре Humphrey по пороговой стратегии 30-2 исходно и через 3 месяца. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ. Достоверными факторами нон-комплаенса у обследованных больных были: возраст старше 60 лет, мужской пол, длительность ПОУГ от 3 до 10 лет, наличие коморбидной патологии и большое количество лекарственных средств, которые вынужден применять пациент, начальная стадия глаукомы, наличие когнитивных нарушений, финансовые затруднения пациентов при приобретении лекарственных средств. Снижение внутриглазного давления (ВГД) в результате применения препарата Пролатан составило 33%. На фоне стабилизации ВГД к концу 3-го месяца выявлено увеличение показателей светочувствительности сетчатки по всем секторам поля зрения от 0 до 30°. ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. На фоне лечения препаратом Пролатан увеличивается приверженность лечению к концу 3-го месяца наблюдения, что связано со снижением количества инстилляций, отсутствием побочных эффектов после закапывания, хорошим самочувствием пациентов во время лечения, снижением материальных затрат на лечение.

Разработка техники трансплантации 3D-клетонных сфероидов ретинального пигментного эпителия в опыте на животных

Aim. This research is aimed to devise the technique for transplantation of 3D spheroids retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in the experimental animal’s eyes (rabbits).Materials and methods. 3D spheroids of RPE for subsequent transplantation were created using agarose tablets (3D Petri Dishes, Microtissue, USA). The phenotype of the obtained cell cultures was studied by immunocytochemical tests (laser scanning confocal microscope “Fluo View FV10i”, Olympus, Japan). Vitrectomy - 2500 cuts per minute, vacuum 600 mm Hg (Alcon, Accurus, USA) was performed on all rabbits (n = 10). Then, we made retinotomy and injected spheroids in subretinal space (MicroDose injection kit 1 ml, Med One, USA). The following methods of control: ultrasound B-scan (Ultrasonic UD-6000, Tomey, Japan) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), (Askin Spectralis, Heidelberg engineering, Germany). Eyes were enucleated for histological examination on 7, 10, 14 and 20 days.Results. Immunocytochemical tests revealed preservation of the RPE epithelial phenotype in 3D spheroids. Clinical map was similar in all experimental animals - during the first 7 days after surgery we saw cystic edema and flat retinal detachment in the surgery area. As we observed, the retina was adjoining and retinal edema was decreasing. Also, on day 3, 7 and 10 on OCT we saw subretinal round conglomerates with a diameter of 60 to 80 µm - presumably RPE 3D spheroids. According to histological findings, there was observed adhesion of the RPE spheroids to the choroid with subsequent spreading and formation of new cell layer with the increase of observation periods.Conclusion. The proposed technology of cultivation of rabbit RPE with subsequent construction of 3D spheroids allows to preserve the epithelial phenotype of cells. The developed surgical technique of RPE transplantation is acceptable and can be used for further experimental studies to be implemented in clinical practice.Цель исследования. Разработка техники трансплантации SD-клеточных сфероидов ретинального пигментного эпителия (РПЭ) на глазах экспериментальных животных (кролики).Материалы и методы. SD-сфероиды РПЭ для последующей трансплантации создавали с использованием агарозных планшетов (3D Petri Dishes, Microtissue, США). Фенотип полученных клеточных культур исследовали с помощью иммуноцитохимического анализа (лазерный сканирующий конфокальный микроскоп «Fluo View FV10i», Olympus, Япония). Всем экспериментальным животным (кролики породы шиншилла, n = 10) выполняли витрэктомию - 2500 резов в минуту, вакуум 600 мм рт. ст. (Alcon, Accurus, США), ретинотомию и субретинально вводили сфероиды РПЭ (MicroDose injection kit 1 ml, Med One, США). Методы послеоперационного контроля: ультразвуковое В-сканирование глаза (Ultrasonic UD-6000, Tomey, Япония) и оптическая когерентная томография - ОКТ (Askin Spectralis, Heidelberg engineering, Германия). Глазные яблоки энуклеировали на 7, 10, 14, 20-е сутки для последующего гистологического исследования.Результаты. Иммуноцитохимическое окрашивание выявило сохранение фенотипа РПЭ в форме 3D-сфе-роидов. В послеоперационном периоде у всех экспериментальных животных по данным ультразвукового В-сканирования и ОКТ отмечалась схожая клиническая картина: отек и плоская отслойка сетчатки в зоне оперативного вмешательства. По мере наблюдения сетчатка прилегала и отек сетчатки уменьшался. Также, по данным ОКТ, субретинально обнаруживались округлые конгломераты диаметром от 60 до 80 мкм - предположительно 3D-сфероиды РПЭ. По данным гистологического исследования отмечалась адгезия сфероидов РПЭ к сосудистой оболочке с последующим распластыванием и образованием нового клеточного слоя по мере увеличения сроков наблюдения.Заключение. Предложенная технология культивирования кроличьего РПЭ с последующим конструированием 3D-сфероидов позволяет сохранить эпителиальный фенотип клеток. Разработанная хирургическая техника трансплантации РПЭ является приемлемой и может использоваться для дальнейших экспериментальных исследований с целью внедрения в клиническую практику

Molecular mechanisms and new strategies to fight stresses in egg-producing birds

Abstract. Commercial egg production is associated with various stresses decreasing productive and reproductive performance of layers. A growing body of evidence indicates that most of stresses in poultry production at the cellular level are associated with oxidative stress due to excess of free radical production or inadequate antioxidant protection. Recently, a concept of the cellular antioxidant defence has been revised with a special attention paid to cell signalling. Indeed, in animals, redox signalling pathways use reactive oxygen species (ROS) to transfer signals from different sources to the nucleus to regulate a number of various functions including growth, differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. The vitagene concept of fighting stresses emerged as a new direction in a nutritional research. Indeed, by improving the adaptive ability of animals to stress it is possible tosubstantially decrease negative consequences of various stresses in poultry and farm animal production. The analysis of recently published data clearly showed that the anti-stress composition developed on the vitagene concept and supplied with drinking water is an effective means in fighting stresses in poultry production

VITREOUS BODY STRUCTURES INVESTIGATION USING THE «VITREOCONTRAST» SUSPENSION

Purpose. To develop a new method of vitreous body (VB) preparation with the isolate contrasting and separation of the VB structures (canals, cisterns, and their anastomosis).Material and methods. The research was performed in 20 cadaver donor eyes. The preparation of vitreous body was performed as follows. The circle-wise cutting of sclera was carried out in a 4mm distance from the limbus. The anterior segment of the eye was intact. Then we cut sclera between the rectus muscles, forming scleral tabs except the optic nerve disk and macular area (10-11mm in diameter). The tabs were cut off. Then we formed the choroidal and retinal tabs using the blade and anatomical forceps and cut off them too. We used the Vitreocontrast suspension dyeing for a VB structures contrasting. After it we cut the VB cortex, separated the dyed vitreous body structures, and performed the light microscopy examination.Results. We developed a new method of vitreous body preparation with the intact anterior segment and the area in the posterior pole (10-11mm in diameter), equatorially (15-17mm), in the tab cisterns (8-10mm) in the 21.5-23.5mm axial length of the eye. There was not found any integrity or structural disruption, rupture of vitreous during the preparation. The Vitreokontrast suspension has a high adhesion to the structural elements of vitreous body and allows to separate and to isolate the vitreous body structures (canals, cisterns and their anastomosis). The light microscopy examination showed the presence of canals and cisterns walls. This structures are differ from the vitreous matrix.Conclusion. The new method of VB preparation with a maximum maintenance of its structures (intact anterior segment and a site of posterior pole in diameter of 10-11mm) and the new Vitreocontrast dye allow to contrast all vitreous body structures separately. The analysis of this data will allows to detect the pathological changes of the vitreous, to determine its role in developing of vitreoretinal diseases