642 research outputs found

    Blood coagulation components in GtoPdb v.2021.2

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    Coagulation as a process is interpreted as a mechanism for reducing excessive blood loss through the generation of a gel-like clot local to the site of injury. The process involves the activation, adhesion (see Integrins), degranulation and aggregation of platelets, as well as proteins circulating in the plasma. The coagulation cascade involves multiple proteins being converted to more active forms from less active precursors (for example, prothrombin [Factor II] is converted to thrombin [Factor IIa]), typically through proteolysis (see Proteases). Listed here are the components of the coagulation cascade targeted by agents in current clinical usage or at an advanced level of development

    Blood coagulation components in GtoPdb v.2023.1

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    Coagulation as a process is interpreted as a mechanism for reducing excessive blood loss through the generation of a gel-like clot local to the site of injury. The process involves the activation, adhesion (see Integrins), degranulation and aggregation of platelets, as well as proteins circulating in the plasma. The coagulation cascade involves multiple proteins being converted to more active forms from less active precursors (for example, prothrombin [Factor II] is converted to thrombin [Factor IIa]), typically through proteolysis (see Proteases). Listed here are the components of the coagulation cascade targeted by agents in current clinical usage or at an advanced level of development

    Blood coagulation components in GtoPdb v.2022.1

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    Coagulation as a process is interpreted as a mechanism for reducing excessive blood loss through the generation of a gel-like clot local to the site of injury. The process involves the activation, adhesion (see Integrins), degranulation and aggregation of platelets, as well as proteins circulating in the plasma. The coagulation cascade involves multiple proteins being converted to more active forms from less active precursors (for example, prothrombin [Factor II] is converted to thrombin [Factor IIa]), typically through proteolysis (see Proteases). Listed here are the components of the coagulation cascade targeted by agents in current clinical usage or at an advanced level of development

    A Study on Using Internet to Implement Constructivist Scaffolding Teaching for Research Method Course

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    ā€œScaffoldingsā€ states to let teachers provide a temporary support to help the students developing their self-scaffolding, this temporary support (the scaffolds) might be a kind of teaching facility or teaching strategy, as the capability of the learner advanced, the learning responsibility will shift gradually to the student, finally the student can dominate his/her learning, and through learning he/she shall build up his/her own knowledge. In this study, Internet and the Constructivist Scaffolding Teaching Theories are applied to develop a teaching model based on the ā€œResearch Methodā€- a program for the first year in graduate school, so that information technologies can be applied to make up the teachersā€™ deficiencies in terms of energy, time and capability. On the other hand, taking the advantages of the traditional teaching model face-to-face communication, and interaction to make up the deficiencies of Internet teaching. To realize the effects of this instructional model, experimentation is adopted in this study. Differences of learning results between constructive scaffolding teaching model with Internet assistance (CSTMIA) and the traditional teaching model (TTM) are analyzed. The result of the study shows: (1) indeed the performance of the CSTMIA better improves the studentsā€™ learning achievement than that of the TTM, but it is not as good as the traditional teaching in terms of the learning performance, learning satisfaction and the growth of learning capabilities; (2) the result of the subsequent evaluation and analysis shows: based on the subjective realization from more than 60% of the students in the CSTMIA, they are positive toward the capability of such CSTMIA in the improvement of learning performance, learning achievement, learning satisfaction, interaction between teachers and the students, and the growth of learning capabilities, this proves that the CSTMIA implemented by this study helps improve the learning effect, strengthen the interaction between teachers and the students in certain extent. The contributions of this study are: (1) Based on the ā€œResearch Methodā€ program, to develop that programā€™s Constructivist Scaffolding Teaching Model supplemented by Internet; (2) Based on the ā€œResearch Methodā€ program, to see the influences of the Constructivist Scaffolding Teaching Model supplemented by Internet toward the learning performance, learning achievement, learning Satisfaction, interaction between teachers and the students, and the growth of learning capabilities

    In vivo detection of cortical optical changes associated with seizure activity with optical coherence tomography.

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    The most common technology for seizure detection is with electroencephalography (EEG), which has low spatial resolution and minimal depth discrimination. Optical techniques using near-infrared (NIR) light have been used to improve upon EEG technology and previous research has suggested that optical changes, specifically changes in near-infrared optical scattering, may precede EEG seizure onset in in vivo models. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high resolution, minimally invasive imaging technique, which can produce depth resolved cross-sectional images. In this study, OCT was used to detect changes in optical properties of cortical tissue in vivo in mice before and during the induction of generalized seizure activity. We demonstrated that a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in backscattered intensity during seizure progression can be detected before the onset of observable manifestations of generalized (stage-5) seizures. These results indicate the feasibility of minimally-invasive optical detection of seizures with OCT

    Statistical Modelling of Recent Changes in Extreme Rainfall in Taiwan

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    This paper has two primary purposes. First, we fit the annual maximum daily rainfall data for 6 rainfall stations, both with stationary and non-stationary generalized extreme value (GEV) distributions for the periods 1911-2010 and 1960-2010 in Taiwan, and detect the changes between the two phases for extreme rainfall. The non-stationary model means that the location parameter in the GEV distribution is a linear function of time to detect temporal trends in maximum rainfall. Second, we compute the future behavior of stationary models for the return levels of 10, 20, 50 and 100-years based on the period 1960-2010. In addition, the 95% confidence intervals of the return levels are provided. This is the first investigation to use generalized extreme value distributions to model extreme rainfall in Taiwan

    Experimental observation of nonlinear Thomson scattering

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    A century ago, J. J. Thomson showed that the scattering of low-intensity light by electrons was a linear process (i.e., the scattered light frequency was identical to that of the incident light) and that light's magnetic field played no role. Today, with the recent invention of ultra-high-peak-power lasers it is now possible to create a sufficient photon density to study Thomson scattering in the relativistic regime. With increasing light intensity, electrons quiver during the scattering process with increasing velocity, approaching the speed of light when the laser intensity approaches 10^18 W/cm^2. In this limit, the effect of light's magnetic field on electron motion should become comparable to that of its electric field, and the electron mass should increase because of the relativistic correction. Consequently, electrons in such high fields are predicted to quiver nonlinearly, moving in figure-eight patterns, rather than in straight lines, and thus to radiate photons at harmonics of the frequency of the incident laser light, with each harmonic having its own unique angular distribution. In this letter, we report the first ever direct experimental confirmation of these predictions, a topic that has previously been referred to as nonlinear Thomson scattering. Extension of these results to coherent relativistic harmonic generation may eventually lead to novel table-top x-ray sources.Comment: including 4 figure

    Elastic Chain in a Random Potential: Simulation of the Displacement Function <(u(x)āˆ’u(0))2><(u(x)-u(0))^2> and Relaxation

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    We simulate the low temperature behaviour of an elastic chain in a random potential where the displacements u(x)u(x) are confined to the {\it longitudinal} direction (u(x)u(x) parallel to xx) as in a one dimensional charge density wave--type problem. We calculate the displacement correlation function g(x)=<(u(x)āˆ’u(0))2>g(x)=< (u(x)-u(0))^2> and the size dependent average square displacement W(L)=W(L)=. We find that g(x)āˆ¼x2Ī·g(x)\sim x^{2\eta} with Ī·ā‰ƒ3/4\eta\simeq3/4 at short distances and Ī·ā‰ƒ3/5\eta\simeq3/5 at intermediate distances. We cannot resolve the asymptotic long distance dependence of gg upon xx. For the system sizes considered we find g(L/2)āˆWāˆ¼L2Ļ‡g(L/2)\propto W\sim L^{2\chi} with Ļ‡ā‰ƒ2/3\chi\simeq2/3. The exponent Ī·ā‰ƒ3/5\eta\simeq3/5 is in agreement with the Random Manifold exponent obtained from replica calculations and the exponent Ļ‡ā‰ƒ2/3\chi\simeq2/3 is consistent with an exact solution for the chain with {\it transverse} displacements (u(x)u(x) perpendicular to xx).The distribution of nearest distances between pinning wells and chain-particles is found to develop forbidden regions.Comment: 19 pages of LaTex, 6 postscript figures available on request, submitted to Journal of Physics A, MAJOR CHANGE
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