436 research outputs found
Optimasi Parameter Proses Jar Test Menggunakan Metode Taguchi Dengan Pendekatan PCR-TOPSIS (Studi Kasus: PDAM Surya Sembada Kota Surabaya)
Koagulasi-flokulasi merupakan tahap awal dari proses penjernihan air yang dilakukan Perusahaan. Pada dasarnya, serangkaian proses di dalam Instalasi Penjernihan Air Minum (IPAM) yang paling utama adalah untuk menurunkan kadar kekeruhan air baku. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan sebuah eksperimen proses koagulasi-flokulasi dengan alat jar test menggunakan metode Taguchi dan PCR-TOPSIS untuk mengetahui parameter proses yang memiliki pengaruh terhadap Perubahan kekeruhan dan pH air untuk kemudian menentukan setting optimum yang dapat mengoptimumkan kekeruhan dan pH air. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dosis koagulan, lama waktu pengadukan cepat dan pengadukan lambat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Perubahan kekeruhan dan pH air dengan kontribusi berturut-turut sebesar 62,00%, 10,39% dan 16,03%. Kondisi optimum diperoleh pada setting dosis koagulan sebanyak 110 ppm, pengadukan cepat selama 120 detik dan kecepatan pengadukan lambat sebesar 40 rpm
Aspects of Categorical Symmetries from Branes: SymTFTs and Generalized Charges
Recently it has been observed that branes in geometric engineering and
holography have a striking connection with generalized global symmetries. In
this paper we argue that branes, in a certain topological limit, not only
furnish the symmetry generators, but also encode the so-called Symmetry
Topological Field Theory (or SymTFT). For a -dimensional QFT, this is a
-dimensional topological field theory, whose topological defects encode
both the symmetry generators (invertible or non-invertible) and the generalized
charges. Mathematically, the topological defects form the Drinfeld center of
the symmetry category of the QFT. In this paper we derive the SymTFT and the
Drinfeld center topological defects directly from branes. Central to the
identification of these are Hanany-Witten brane configurations, which encode
both topological couplings in the SymTFT and the generalized charges under the
symmetries. We exemplify the general analysis with examples of QFTs realized in
geometric engineering or holography.Comment: 68 pages plus appendice
Symmetry TFTs from string theory
We determine the d+1 dimensional topological field theory, which encodes the higher-form symmetries and their 't Hooft anomalies for d-dimensional QFTs obtained by compactifying M-theory on a non-compact space X. The resulting theory, which we call the Symmetry TFT, or SymTFT for short, is derived by reducing the topological sector of 11d supergravity on the boundary ∂X of the space X. Central to this endeavour is a reformulation of supergravity in terms of differential cohomology, which allows the inclusion of torsion in cohomology of the space ∂X, which in turn gives rise to the background fields for discrete (in particular higher-form) symmetries. We apply this framework to 7d super-Yang Mills, where X=C2/ΓADE, as well as the Sasaki-Einstein links of Calabi-Yau three-fold cones that give rise to 5d superconformal field theories. This M-theory analysis is complemented with a IIB 5-brane web approach, where we derive the SymTFTs from the asymptotics of the 5-brane webs. Our methods apply to both Lagrangian and non-Lagrangian theories, and allow for many generalisations
Symmetry TFTs for 3d QFTs from M-theory
We derive the Symmetry Topological Field Theories (SymTFTs) for 3d
supersymmetric quantum field theories (QFTs) constructed in M-theory either via
geometric engineering or holography. These 4d SymTFTs encode the symmetry
structures of the 3d QFTs, for instance the generalized global symmetries and
their 't Hooft anomalies. Using differential cohomology, we derive the SymTFT
by reducing M-theory on a 7-manifold , which either is the link of a
conical Calabi-Yau four-fold or part of an holographic
solution. In the holographic setting we first consider the 3d
ABJ(M) theories and derive the BF-couplings, which allow the identification of
the global form of the gauge group, as well as 1-form symmetry anomalies.
Secondly, we compute the SymTFT for 3d quiver gauge theories
whose holographic duals are based on Sasaki-Einstein 7-manifolds of type . The SymTFT encodes 0- and 1-form symmetries,
as well as potential 't Hooft anomalies between these. Furthermore, by studying
the gapped boundary conditions of the SymTFT we constrain the allowed choices
for Chern-Simons terms in the dual field theory.Comment: 44 pages plus appendice
A Panorama Of Physical Mathematics c. 2022
What follows is a broad-brush overview of the recent synergistic interactions
between mathematics and theoretical physics of quantum field theory and string
theory. The discussion is forward-looking, suggesting potentially useful and
fruitful directions and problems, some old, some new, for further development
of the subject. This paper is a much extended version of the Snowmass
whitepaper on physical mathematics [1]
El vínculo de la conductividad hidráulica saturada con la velocidad de infiltración subsuperficial del suelo del bosque
El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el vínculo de la conductividad hidráulica saturada con las tasas de infiltración. Se determinó un total de 38 puntos de muestreo; 22 en cedro japonés (Cryptomeria japonica) y 16 en hiba arborvitae (Thujopsis dolabrata). Para obtener una precipitación se utilizó un simulador de lluvia de boquilla oscilante. Se tomaron de la superficie algunas muestras de vegetación. Se recogieron muestras de suelo de tres réplicas de profundidad de 0-5 y 5-10 cm cada uno por las características del suelo. La permeabilidad del suelo y la conductividad hidráulica se midieron antes y después del aclareo de cada muestra de tierra. La conductividad hidráulica es espacialmente irregular y los parámetros son independientes del tipo de vegetación. Ambos suelos forestales en general mostraron valores de permeabilidad alta, pero se ha demostrado también un valor tan pequeño como el acuícludo en un solo punto de la muestra de la superficie del cedro. Esto podría ser debido a la poca capa de hojarasca acumulada en el punto. Si el recubrimiento es escaso en el suelo del bosque, la reducción de la tasa de infiltración sería una preocupación debido a la obstrucción de la superficie por el impacto de las gotas de lluvia.
Por otro lado, en términos de la profundidad de la baja permeabilidad, la superficie del suelo es menos afectada debido a las propiedades físicas del suelo y la cantidad de raíz. Para entender los factores de la infiltración y la cercanía del suelo con la superficie, otros parámetros, en especial la conductividad hidráulica saturada, cantidad de raíces en el suelo superficial, la densidad de la cobertura del suelo seco del bosque y contenido de la materia orgánica (peso de la pérdida por ignición durante 4 horas a 450 °C) fueron examinados, comparados y analizados para confirmar su relación. Los resultados revelaron que las características de la cubierta del suelo de los bosques y la permeabilidad se encontraron pobremente correlacionadas. Además, el resultado demostró que la tasa de infiltración y la permeabilidad difieren de acuerdo a las diferencias de las especies de árboles
G-flux and Spectral Divisors
We propose a construction of G-flux in singular elliptic Calabi-Yau fourfold
compactifications of F-theory, which in the local limit allow a spectral cover
description. The main tool of construction is the so-called spectral divisor in
the resolved Calabi-Yau geometry, which in the local limit reduces to the Higgs
bundle spectral cover. We exemplify the workings of this in the case of an E_6
singularity by constructing the resolved geometry, the spectral divisor and in
the local limit, the spectral cover. The G-flux constructed with the spectral
divisor is shown to be equivalent to the direct construction from suitably
quantized linear combinations of holomorphic surfaces in the resolved geometry,
and in the local limit reduces to the spectral cover flux.Comment: 30 page
Towards mirror symmetry \`a la SYZ for generalized Calabi-Yau manifolds
Fibrations of flux backgrounds by supersymmetric cycles are investigated. For
an internal six-manifold M with static SU(2) structure and mirror \hat{M}, it
is argued that the product M x \hat{M} is doubly fibered by supersymmetric
three-tori, with both sets of fibers transverse to M and \hat{M}. The mirror
map is then realized by T-dualizing the fibers. Mirror-symmetric properties of
the fluxes, both geometric and non-geometric, are shown to agree with previous
conjectures based on the requirement of mirror symmetry for Killing
prepotentials. The fibers are conjectured to be destabilized by fluxes on
generic SU(3)xSU(3) backgrounds, though they may survive at type-jumping
points. T-dualizing the surviving fibers ensures the exchange of pure spinors
under mirror symmetry.Comment: 30 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX; v2: references adde
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