Apparent Molal Volumes & Apparent Molal Compressibilities of Some Carbohydrates in Dilute Aqueous Solutions at Different Temperatures

6-1

Fabrication & Use of a Temperature of Maximum Density Apparatus for Investigating Structural Interactions in Aqueous Solutions

373-37

Viscosity studies of aqueous mixed electrolyte solutions

950-953Relative viscosity studies of ternary aqueous mixed electrolyte solutions for the systems KBr-NaBr, KBr-Bu4NBr, NaCI-NaBr and NaCI-Bu4NBr at various constant ionic strengths with varying electrolyte mole fractions (y) at 25°C are reported. The data are used to calculate viscosity B-coefficients of the total electrolyte as a function of solute mole fraction. The excess viscosity B-coefficients (BEx) have been calculated and found to be distinctly positive for all the systems studied. The variation of BEx with y and the magnitudes have been explained in terms cation-cation, anion-anion interactions and the specific structural interactions with solvent water

Volumetric and compressibility properties of aqueous solutions of urea and ethylene glycol

70-72<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:="" en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-IN">The volumetric and compressibility properties of urea and ethylene glycol are studied at 2°, 4o, 8° and 10°C. The apparent molal volumes and apparent molal compressibilities have been calculated and analysed. Both the systems are seen to show opposite trends with respect to <span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" symbol;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" ar-sa"=""> ϕ<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:="" en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-IN"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" symbol;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" ar-sa"="">v<span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-IN">, but their variation of <span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:symbol;="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"=""> ϕ<span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family: " times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:="" en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-IN"><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:Symbol;mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:="" symbol;mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:="" ar-sa"=""><span style="font-size: 12.0pt;font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-IN"><span style="font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-bidi-font-family:symbol;="" mso-ansi-language:en-us;mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">k<span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-IN"> with concentration is found to be similar. <span style="font-size:12.0pt; font-family:" times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-font-family:"times="" roman";="" mso-ansi-language:en-in;mso-fareast-language:en-in;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="" lang="EN-IN"></span

Round Trip Delay And Path Applications For Faulty Node Detection In Wireless Sensor Network

For some years, wireless sensor networks (WSNs) applications have increased because of its great potential to connect the physical world with the virtual world. Likewise, advances in microelectronic manufacturing technology reduce the cost of making portable wireless sensors. It becomes a Fashion to apply the large number of portable wireless sensors to WSN to improve quality of service (QoS). QoS such WSNs is mainly influenced by the failure of sensor nodes. The likelihood of increased mote increases with increasing number of sensors. In order to maintain the best QoS in fault conditions,identification and release of such failures are essential. In the proposed method, the defective sensor node is detected by measuring the round trip delay (RTD) of discrete round trip paths (RTP) and comparing the threshold value. There are two nodes of sensors and a master node, communication between these nodes is established through Zigbee wireless technology

Fault Node Detection In Wireless Sensor Network Based On Round Trip Delay

The subject matter of this application is to send data from a remote location of a distant main station or a station server from a transmitting device. The transmitting part consists of a microcontroller, the ZigBee module is implemented as a mesh, it is surrounded by a total of three nodes. Continuously every node is transferring the message to the server node, even if anyone node receives an error message will be transmitted from the node and the receiving section the message will be displayed on the LCD with the help of ZigBee and Microcontroller. Wireless sensor networks for (WSN) application due connect with the physical world to the virtual world increases its potential. In addition, progress in microelectronics manufacturing technology reduces the cost of production portable wireless sensors. It tends to distribute the large number of portable wireless sensors in WSNs to increase service quality. Service quality such WSNs is mainly influenced by the failure of sensor nodes. The possibility of sensor node failure increases with the number of increasing sensors. In order to maintain the best Service quality in fault conditions, identification and release of such failures are crucial. A faulty sensor assembly was installed to measure round trip delay (RTD) of the discrete circular back-to-back round trip paths comparison with the threshold value

Apparent molal compressibilities of alcohols in aqueous solutions at different temperatures

746-750Apparent molal compressibilities (φk) of methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl and tert-butylalcohols in aqueous solutions are reported at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10°C. The variation of φk with concentration (m) has been interpreted in terms of effect of dissolved solute (alcohol) on water structure. The limiting apparent molal compressibilities (φ) of alcohols are also reported and interpreted in terms of hydrophobic interactions. In addition, parameter Pθ=(/P) (θstr), where θstr is the structural contribution of shift in temperature of maximum density (Dθ), has been calculated as a function of concentration, It has been observed that Pθ can very well be used as a tool to express the relative structure strengthening ability of dissolved alcohols in water

Apparent molal volumes of alcohols in aqueous solutions at different temperatures

106-110Apparent molal volumes. (φv) of methyl. ethyl. n-propyl, isopropyl. n-butyl. isobutyl, sec-butyl and lert-butyl alcohols in aqueous solutions are reported at 2°, 4°, 6°, 8°, and 10°C for the first time. The trends of φv against molality (m) curves have been interpreted in terms of effect of dissolved solute (alcohol) on structure of water. It has been concluded that lower alcohols even at lower temperatures get dissolved in the natural cavities available in the water structure whereas higher alcohols have difficulty in finding suitable cavities in water structure and hence tend to indicate phase separation. The results have also been interpreted in terms of predominance of solute-solute interactions at lower temperatures

Application of Kirkwood-Buff theory of liquid mixtures to binary aqueous solutions of alcohols

1069-1074The various integrals over the pair correlation functions, GAA, Gww and GAW (A=alcohol, W= water) have been calculated for aqueous solutions of methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol and tertbutanol at 25°C by utilizing the thermodynamic properties like the isothermal compressibility, partial molar volumes and vapour pressure and by the application of an inverse procedure for KirkwoodBuff theory of solutions as suggested by Ben-Nairn. It is observed that as a function of concentration, GAA, GAW and Gww have extremas in the studied concentration range. The results are compared with similar systems reported earlier and are interpreted on the basis of solvent structural effects and hydrophobic interaction amongst the solute molecules. The behaviour of GAA in dilute concentration indicates that the strength of hydrophobic interaction decreases initially in all the studied water-alcohol systems. The mean square concentration fluctuation parameter N x)2 > as a function of concentration has been estimated using Gij values. These results are in agreement with the available scattering data, suggesting further that the main effect of alcohol is to interfere destructively with low density domains in water in dilute concentration of alcohols in water