10 research outputs found
Priming third-party social exclusion does not elicit children's inclusion of out-group members
This study investigates how culture and priming 3- to 7-year-old children (N = 186) with third-party social exclusion affects their subsequent inclusion of out-group members. Children in societies that tend to value social independence (Germany, New Zealand) and interdependence (Northern Cyprus) were randomly assigned to minimal groups. Next, they watched video stimuli depicting third-party social exclusion (exclusion condition) or neutral content (control condition). We assessed children's recognition of the social exclusion expressed in the priming videos and their understanding of the emotional consequences thereof. We furthermore assessed children's inclusion behaviour in a ball-tossing game in which participants could include an out-group agent into an in-group interplay. Children across societies detected third-party social exclusion and ascribed lower mood to excluded than non-excluded protagonists. Children from Germany and New Zealand were more likely to include the out-group agent into the in-group interaction than children from Northern Cyprus. Children's social inclusion remained unaffected by their exposure to third-party social exclusion primes. These results suggest that children from diverse societies recognize social exclusion and correctly forecast its negative emotional consequences, but raise doubt on the notion that social exclusion exposure affects subsequent social inclusion
Upstream structural management measures for an urban area flooding in Turkey
In recent years, flooding has become an increasing concern across many parts
of the world of both the general public and their governments. The climate
change inducing more intense rainfall events occurring in short period of
time lead flooding in rural and urban areas. In this study the flood
modelling in an urbanized area, namely Samsun-Terme in Blacksea region of
Turkey is performed. MIKE21 with flexible grid is used in 2-dimensional
shallow water flow modelling. 1 × 1000−1 scaled maps with the buildings for the
urbanized area and 1 × 5000−1 scaled maps for the rural parts are used to obtain
DTM needed in the flood modelling. The bathymetry of the river is obtained
from additional surveys. The main river passing through the urbanized area
has a capacity of 500 m3 s−1 according to the design discharge obtained
by simple ungauged discharge estimation depending on catchment area only.
The upstream structural base precautions against flooding are modelled. The
effect of four main upstream catchments on the flooding in the downstream
urban area are modelled as different scenarios. It is observed that if the
flow from the upstream catchments can be retarded through a detention pond
constructed in one of the upstream catchments, estimated Q100 flood can
be conveyed by the river without overtopping from the river channel. The
operation of the upstream detention ponds and the scenarios to convey
Q500 without causing flooding are also presented. Structural management
measures to address changes in flood characteristics in water management
planning are discussed
Archaeogenetic analysis of Neolithic sheep from Anatolia suggests a complex demographic history since domestication
Sheep were among the first domesticated animals, but their demographic history is little understood. Here we analyzed nuclear polymorphism and mitochondrial data (mtDNA) from ancient central and west Anatolian sheep dating from Epipaleolithic to late Neolithic, comparatively with modern-day breeds and central Asian Neolithic/Bronze Age sheep (OBI). Analyzing ancient nuclear data, we found that Anatolian Neolithic sheep (ANS) are genetically closest to present-day European breeds relative to Asian breeds, a conclusion supported by mtDNA haplogroup frequencies. In contrast, OBI showed higher genetic affinity to present-day Asian breeds. These results suggest that the east-west genetic structure observed in present-day breeds had already emerged by 6000 BCE, hinting at multiple sheep domestication episodes or early wild introgression in southwest Asia. Furthermore, we found that ANS are genetically distinct from all modern breeds. Our results suggest that European and Anatolian domestic sheep gene pools have been strongly remolded since the Neolithic
Therapeutic plasma exchange in poisoning: 8 years' experience of a university hospital
PubMedID: 26275632Introduction and Aim This study examined the extracorporeal methods for the elimination of toxic substances in poisoned patients that are used by clinicians taking care of such patients. Here we present our experience in the use of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). To the best of our knowledge, this is the largest number of poisoning cases ever reported in a study. Patients and Methods This is a retrospective study conducted at the Çukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, with the permission of the ethical committee of the medical faculty. The study includes patients who had undergone TPE because of poisoning between January 2007 and May 2015. We summarize the clinical data and outcomes of the patients with available files. Results A total of 36 cases among the 42 patients who underwent TPE in this 8-year period were included in the study. More than 20 identified toxic substances, most of which were pesticides, were found to be the causes of poisoning. Twenty-three healthy discharges and 12 deaths are discussed in the study. Conclusion We believe that our study reports the largest ever number of poisoning cases treated with TPE in the literature. When applicable, TPE may be a promising extracorporeal elimination and treatment technique in poisoned patients when performed in selected cases. © 2015 Elsevier Inc
Design of COVID-19 staged alert systems to ensure healthcare capacity with minimal closures
Selection of COVID-19 mitigation measures requires balancing health outcomes with economic impacts. Here, the authors derive a system to set triggers for increasing mitigation measures to preserve healthcare capacity, and describe how it has been used to support public health decision making in Austin, Texas
Ancient genomics in Neolithic Central Anatolia and Çatalhöyük
Over multiple millennia, from the earliest traces of long-term occupation of camp sites (ca 20,000 BC) to the development of full-scale farming (ca 8000–6000 BC), the Neolithic transition in southwest Asia gradually shaped human societies in dramatic ways (Nadel 2002; Maher et al. 2012; Asouti, Fuller 2013). Here we present recent insights from ancient genomics studies into these societies while focusing on two questions: the population processes driving cultural change in Neolithic central Anatolia and genetic kinship among Çatalhöyük co-burials