Paleostrain stratigraphic analysis of calcite twins across the Cambrian-Ordovician unconformity in the Tethyan Himalaya, Spiti and Zanskar valley regions, India

Abstract Calcite strain analyses were conducted on low-grade Cambrian and Carboniferous limestone samples collected above and below the Cambrian-Ordovician unconformity in the Spiti and Zanskar valley regions of the NW Himalaya in order to compare strain patterns in rocks that bracket an enigmatic early Paleozoic tectonic episode. All samples record a layer-parallel shortening strain at a high angle to folds and faults in the Tethyan Himalayan fold-thrust belt. In the Carboniferous samples, we relate these layer-parallel strains to the onset of Cenozoic deformation within the Tethyan Himalayan fold-thrust belt. The Cambrian sample from the Spiti area contains a layer-parallel shortening strain even though the Cambrian-Ordovician unconformity is angular. This suggests that the twinning strains in the Cambrian sample may have formed at the onset of early Paleozoic folding and subsequent erosion, and that early phases of Cenozoic shortening were coaxial to early Paleozoic shortening. The maximum shortening axis in the Carboniferous samples, which is probably parallel to the early thrust transport direction in the Tethyan Himalayan fold-thrust belt, is parallel to the NE movement of India with respect to Eurasia in the Middle Eocene, suggesting that it might closely correspond to the India/Eurasian slip direction during this time period

Satyrium nepalense, a high altitude medicinal orchid of Indian Himalayan region : chemical profile and biological activities of tuber extracts

The present study investigated antioxidant and antibacterial activities of 5 different extracts and derived fractions from the S. nepalense tubers. Identification of the most active fractions, their phytochemical characterization, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and biological activities were also evaluated. Petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, water extracts and methanol fractions were screened for their antibacterial activity at 10, 50 and 100 mg/mL doses against ten Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains by disc diffusion method. Their total antioxidant activity was measured by DPPH and ABTS assays. Identification of the main compounds was performed by LC-MS/MS. Methanol extract exhibited the highest antioxidant (IC50= 30.79 \u3bcg/mL and 24.53 \u3bcg/mL for DPPH and ABTS, respectively) and antibacterial (MIC 71.5 to > 100 \u3bcg/mL) activities in comparison with the other extracts. Levels of phenolics and flavonoids were also the highest in the same extract, i.e. 19.2 mg GAE/g and 11.20 mg QE/g, respectively. Phytochemical investigation of the active fractions of the methanol extract led to the isolation of gallic acid (19.04 mg/g) and quercetin (23.4 mg/g). Therefore, methanol extract showed an interesting potential for both antioxidant and antibacterial activities, thus deserving attention for future applications in the fields of medicinal plants and food supplements

Estudo sobre a modernização de processos clássicos de gerenciamento usando métodos ágeis de desenvolvimento

Com as recentes mudanças nos ambientes empresariais advindas da Terceira Revolução Industrial, ocorrida na segunda metade do século XX, além das recentes mudanças no mundo empresarial e nos novos modelos de negócios, principalmente com o crescente número de startups que nascem a cada dia, fez-se necessária uma capacidade de adaptação e agilidade para viabilizar metas estipuladas por um mercado cada vez mais agressivo e competitivo. Neste cenário, algumas empresas de pequeno e médio porte, tem abandonado modelos clássicos e já consolidados de gerenciamento de projetos afim de agilizar e modernizar sua gestão e de aproximar o cliente durante o desenvolvimento do projeto de tal forma que consigam competir com empresas de grande porte e ainda assim entregar produtos ou serviços de alta qualidade. É neste contexto que este trabalho será desenvolvido. Toda a mudança de processos empresariais, desde a identificação de possíveis processos que possam ser aplicáveis à atual realidade da empresa até a adaptação e implantação destes novos processos pode ser desgastante e altamente custoso. Este trabalho tem o objetivo de mostrar o processo de estudo interno da realidade de uma empresa, avaliando o processo de gerenciamento interno de seus projetos , à realidade a qual a empresa está inserida e do perfil de seus clientes para aplicação das técnicas de PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge) voltadas às Metodologias Ágeis como Scrum, Kanban ou XP para a correção de gargalos, e aumentar a eficiencia destes processos, aproximando o cliente do projeto durante seu desenvolvimento, que é um dos princípios do Manifesto Ágil. Após este estudo, será feito um estudo de caso comparando a eficiência antes e depois da mudança. Métricas de comparação serão desenvolvidas e explicadas ao longo deste trabalho e, ao final, espera-se compreender a metodologia usada para a escolha dos processos internos adotados assim como quantificar a melhoria proporcionada por esta mudança de gerenciamento.With the recent changes in business environments arising from the Third Industrial Revolution in the second half of the twentieth century, in addition to the recent changes in the business world and new business models, especially with the increasing number of startups born each day, adaptability and agility to achieve goals set by an increasingly aggressive and competitive market. In this scenario, some small and medium-sized companies have abandoned classic and already consolidated models of project management in order to streamline and modernize their management and to approach the client during the development of the project in such a way that they can compete with large companies and yet deliver high quality products or services. It is in this context that this work will be developed. All the change of business processes, from the identification of possible processes that may be applicable to the current reality of the company until the adaptation and implementation of these new processes can be exhausting and highly costly. This work aims to show the internal study process of a company's reality, evaluating the internal management process of its projects, evaluating the reality of the company and the profile of its clients to apply the PMBOK techniques ( Project Management Body of Knowledge) focused on Agile Methodologies such as Scrum, Kanban or XP for the correction of bottlenecks, and increase the efficiency of these processes, bringing the client closer to the project during its development, which is one of the principles of the Agile Manifesto. After this study, a case study will be done comparing the efficiency before and after the change. Comparison metrics will be developed and explained throughout this work and, in the end, it is expected to understand the methodology used to choose the internal processes adopted as well as to quantify the improvement provided by this management change