Immunological efficacy of Vaccination against Measles in Children with Down syndrome

The data of current vaccination process of cellular, humoral immunity and specific antibody formation in 41 children with Down syndrome at the age of 1 year to 6 years old is observed. To prevent easles used measles vaccine (n=12), divaccine -measles-mumps (n=21) and or Priorix vaccine (n=8). The comparison group consisted of 63 children without Down syndrome. The post-vaccination period in 97,6% of children with Down syndrome cases are asymptomatic, only 2,4% of children mentioned layering of intercurrent diseases. The immunological status in children with Down syndrome is characterized by a significant decrease in the  umber leucocytes, lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and absolute number of CD20+, but functional activity of the cells is preserved. By 30 days after immunization they have increased leucocytes, lymphocytes, CD 95+cells. The number of antibodies significantly increased (6,63±0,33 compared to 5,79±0,32 log2, р < 0,05)

ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ВАКЦИНАЦИИ ПРОТИВ КОРИ У ДЕТЕЙ С СИНДРОМОМ ДАУНА

The data of current vaccination process of cellular, humoral immunity and specific antibody formation in 41 children with Down syndrome at the age of 1 year to 6 years old is observed. To prevent easles used measles vaccine (n=12), divaccine -measles-mumps (n=21) and or Priorix vaccine (n=8). The comparison group consisted of 63 children without Down syndrome. The post-vaccination period in 97,6% of children with Down syndrome cases are asymptomatic, only 2,4% of children mentioned layering of intercurrent diseases. The immunological status in children with Down syndrome is characterized by a significant decrease in the  umber leucocytes, lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and absolute number of CD20+, but functional activity of the cells is preserved. By 30 days after immunization they have increased leucocytes, lymphocytes, CD 95+cells. The number of antibodies significantly increased (6,63±0,33 compared to 5,79±0,32 log2, р < 0,05).Представлены данные по течению вакцинального процесса, состоянию клеточного, гуморального иммунитета и специфическому антителообразованию у 41 ребенка с синдромом Дауна в возрасте от 1 года до 6 лет, вакцинированного против кори моновакциной (12 детей – 29,3%), дивакциной (21 – 51,2%) и Приориксом (8 – 19,5%). Группу сравнения составили 63 ребенка без синдрома Дауна и соматически здоровых. Поствакцинальный период у 97,6% детей с синдромом Дауна протекал гладко; наслоение интеркуррентных инфекций отмечено у 1 ребенка (2,4%). Исходный иммунологический статус у детей с синдромом Дауна характеризуется достоверным снижением числа лейкоцитов, лимфоцитов, CD3+ , CD4+, CD8+ и абсолютного числа В-клеток (CD20+). Однако функциональная активность клеток сохранена, что подтверждает динамика лимфоцитов в поствакцинальном периоде и специфическое антителообразование. К 30 дню после прививки отмечено увеличение количества лейкоцитов, лимфоцитов, CD95+ клеток и достоверно больший прирост антител (6,63±0,33 по сравнению с 5,79±0,32 log2, р < 0,05)

ВАКЦИНОПРОФИЛАКТИКА КОРИ У ДЕТЕЙ С ПАТОЛОГИЕЙ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОЙ НЕРВНОЙ СИСТЕМЫ

The data on the current vaccination process and specific antibody in 212 children with pathology of nervous systems in age from 1 year to 6 years old, vaccinated against measles. The comparison group consisted of 36 children without neurological disease. 86 children (40,6%) were vaccinated measles – mumps vaccine, and 126 children (59,4%) only measles vaccine. Post-vaccination period in 77,8% immunized against measles, was uneventful, layering intercurrent infections was noted in 22,2% of vaccine’s, and demonstrated the development of viral respiratory infections, bronchitis, otitis media and exacerbation of underlying disease. It is shown that the level of specific antibody to measles in children with pathology of nervous systems at 30 days after vaccination was 5,04±0,16 log 2, which did not differ from the comparison group (5,88±0,31 log 2). No significant differences in the level of antibody in a smooth and complicated course of vaccination period were found. Immunization of children with disorders of the nervous system of live vaccines is quite effective and leads to the formation of protective antibody titers in all vaccinated.Представлены данные по течению вакцинального процесса и специфическому антителообразованию у 212 детей в возрасте от 1 года до 6 лет, вакцинированных против кори отечественной дивакциной (паротитно-коревой) – 86 детей (40,6%) и монокоревой вакциной – 126 детей (59,4%). Патологию центральной нервной системы имели 170 детей (80,2%), группу сравнения составили 42 практически здоровых ребенка. Поствакцинальный период у детей, иммунизированных против кори, протекал гладко в 77,8% случаев, из них у 84,8% – бессимптомно. Достоверного отличия в течение вакцинального процесса в зависимости от вида вакцины не выявлено. Осложненное течение наблюдалось у 47 (22,2%) привитых, достоверно чаще в группе с неврологической патологией (p<0,05), проявилось ОРВИ, острым бронхитом, отитом, пневмонией, обострением аллергодерматита. Среднегеометрическая величина титров противокоревых антител у детей с патологией ЦНС на 30-й день после вакцинации составила 5,04±0,16log 2, что не отличалось от группы сравнения (5,88±0,31log2). Достоверных различий в уровне антителообразования при гладком и осложненном течении вакцинального периода не выявлено. При использовании дивакцины к 30-му дню вакцинального периода титры антител к кори были достоверно выше, чем при использовании монокоревой вакцины (5,69±0,24 log2 и 4,71±0,21 log2; p<0,05)

СЕМЕЙНЫЙ ГЕМОФАГОЦИТАРНЫЙ ЛИМФОГИСТИОЦИТОЗ

Family hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (hemophagocytic syndrome) is a rare hereditary disease, which is based on a disturbance of the regulation of the immune response, leading to proliferation and activation of histiocytes, phagocytosis of peripheral blood cells. The most common mutations include – PRF1, UNC13D, STX11. Two cases of familial hemophagocytic lymphogystyocytosis in children of an early age from a single family, features of the course are described.Семейный гемофагоцитарный лимфогистиоцитоз (гемофагоцитарный синдром) – редкое наследственное заболевание, в основе которого лежит нарушение регуляции иммунного ответа, приводящее к пролиферации и активации гистиоцитов, фагоцитозу клеток периферической крови. К наиболее частым мутациям относят PRF1, UNC13D и STX11. Данное заболевание необходимо учитывать в дифференциальной диагностике сложных инфекционных болезней у детей. Представлены два случая семейного гемофагоцитарного лимфогистиоцитоза у детей раннего возраста из одной семьи и обзор литературы

The role of professional associations in the system of continuing professional development of pediatricians and family doctors

Стаття присвячена ролі Одеської асоціації лікарів педіатрів та неонатологів у системі безперервного професійного розвитку лікарів-педіатрів і сімейних лікарів. Освітлено історію створення Одеської асоціації лікарів педіатрів та неонатологів. Наведено систему безперервного професійного розвитку в Україні. Показано участь асоціації у післядипломній освіті лікарів-педіатрів і сімейних лікарів як Одеського регіону, так і всієї країни.The article is devoted to the role of the Odesa Association of Pediatricians and Neonatologists in the system of continuous professional development of pediatricians and family doctors. The history of the creation of the Odesa Association of Pediatricians and Neonatologists since 1849 and its current achievements are highlighted. The analysis of the formation of the system of continuous professional education in European countries is carried out. The system of continuous professional development of doctors in Ukraine is presented. Examples of formal training in the form of thematic improvement cycles, informal training in the form of seminars, trainings, including using simulation equipment, participation in scientific and practical conferences are shown. Methods and models of continuous professional development in the world and in Ukraine are described. Emphasis is placed on changing the methodology of postgraduate education aimed at mastering skills, mastering competencies in real professional activity instead of obtaining only theoretical knowledge. The role and responsibilities of providers in the continuous professional development of doctors are demonstrated. The active participation of the Odesa Association of Pediatricians and Neonatologists in the postgraduate professional development of pediatricians and family doctors, both in the Odesa region and throughout the country is shown. An opinion was expressed about the involvement of professional associations as providers in the system of continuous professional development of doctors in Ukraine

Vaccination for Children with Neurological and Genetic Violations (Literature Review)

The problem reactions on vaccines remains actual during many years. To date there is possibility vaccination of children with heavy pathology. The necessity of defence of children with neurological pathology from the guided infections is conditioned by the high risk of origin of complications after the carried infections from that a child was not in time instiled. To the review the results of researches on safety, clinical and immunological efficiency of vaccines are driven against a whooping-cough, diphtheria, measles and parotitis for patients with pathology of the nervous system. Had an experience shows frequency of the undesirable phenomena in a period after vaccination of children with neurological violations

Preventive Vaccination in Russia under Current Conditions

Currently, the vaccination not only does not lose its value, but also becoming more in-demand allowing to prevent mass infection, disability, and mortality due to them, oncological and somatic diseases. The variety of medicinal vaccines is actively developed. The particular importance is given to the vaccination as a key mean to prevent the antibiotic resistance. That is why it is important for every health worker to know the up-to-date approaches to the immunization in whole, and especially for the risk groups, to understand and compare reasonably the risks of the infections and vaccinations, to be able to explain this to their patients and parents. The most important is a common understanding of the importance of the preventive vaccination of the health workers of all specialties and levels

Measles vaccination in children with neurological disorders

The data on the current vaccination process and specific antibody in 212 children with pathology of nervous systems in age from 1 year to 6 years old, vaccinated against measles. The comparison group consisted of 36 children without neurological disease. 86 children (40,6%) were vaccinated measles – mumps vaccine, and 126 children (59,4%) only measles vaccine. Post-vaccination period in 77,8% immunized against measles, was uneventful, layering intercurrent infections was noted in 22,2% of vaccine’s, and demonstrated the development of viral respiratory infections, bronchitis, otitis media and exacerbation of underlying disease. It is shown that the level of specific antibody to measles in children with pathology of nervous systems at 30 days after vaccination was 5,04±0,16 log 2, which did not differ from the comparison group (5,88±0,31 log 2). No significant differences in the level of antibody in a smooth and complicated course of vaccination period were found. Immunization of children with disorders of the nervous system of live vaccines is quite effective and leads to the formation of protective antibody titers in all vaccinated

Prematurely Born Children: Vaccination – Safety and Specific Immune Response

The analysis of safety and efficiency of vaccination of the children born before the term (61 children of 1 – 4 degree of prematurity) and children born in time (21 children – group of comparison). For vaccination and revaccination was used: DTP (20 and 15 children respectively), DTaP (22 and 4 children), pentavalentny vaccine (DTaP/IPV/Hib – 9 and 2 children) and DT (10 children of the studied group with convulsion in the anamnesis). Against measles, mumps and a rubella was immunized 47 and 20 children respectively. After immunization all clinical symptoms was analyzed and after 2 months diphtheria measles and mumps antibodies was detected.Prematurely born children has the 1 vaccination for 3 – 4 months later, then infants, with born at time. After vaccination 75.4% and 74.5% infants in both groups hadn’t any clinical symptoms. Acute respiratory infection was registered with the same frequency (25,5 – 25.0% and 24.6 – 23.8%). The antibodies titer to diphtheria, measles, mumps didn't depend on degree of prematurity