25,625 research outputs found
The Top Priority: Precision Electroweak Physics from Low to High Energy
Overall, the Standard Model describes electroweak precision data rather well.
There are however a few areas of tension (charged current universality, NuTeV,
(g-2)_\mu, b quark asymmetries), which I review emphasizing recent theoretical
and experimental progress. I also discuss what precision data tell us about the
Higgs boson and new physics scenarios. In this context, the role of a precise
measurement of the top mass is crucial.Comment: 12 pages; invited talk at 21st International Symposium on Lepton and
Photon Interactions at High Energies (LP 03), Batavia, Illinois, 11-16 Aug
200
Mobility on Demand in the United States
The growth of shared mobility services and enabling technologies, such as smartphone apps, is contributing to the commodification and aggregation of transportation services. This chapter reviews terms and definitions related to Mobility on Demand (MOD) and Mobility as a Service (MaaS), the mobility marketplace, stakeholders, and enablers. This chapter also reviews the U.S. Department of Transportationâs MOD Sandbox Program, including common opportunities and challenges, partnerships, and case studies for employing on-demand mobility pilots and programs. The chapter concludes with a discussion of vehicle automation and on-demand mobility including pilot projects and the potential transformative impacts of shared automated vehicles on parking, land use, and the built environment
A Basis for Interactive Schema Merging
We present a technique for merging the schemas of heterogeneous databases that generalizes to several different data models, and show how it can be used in an interactive program that merges Entity-Relationship diagrams. Given a collection of schemas to be merged, the user asserts the correspondence between entities and relationships in the various schemas by defining "isa" relations between them. These assertions are then considered to be elementary schemas, and are combined with the elementary schemas in the merge. Since the method defines the merge to be the join in an information ordering on schemas, it is a commutative and associative operation, which means that the merge is defined independent of the order in which schemas are presented. We briefly describe a prototype interactive schema merging tool that has been built on these principles. Keywords: schemas, merging, semantic data models, entity-relationship data models, inheritance 1 Introduction Schema merging is the proble..
Implications of a new light gauge boson for neutrino physics
We study the impact of light gauge bosons on neutrino physics. We show that
they can explain the NuTeV anomaly and also escape the constraints from
neutrino experiments if they are very weakly coupled and have a mass of a few
GeV. Lighter gauge bosons with stronger couplings could explain both the NuTeV
anomaly and the positive anomalous magnetic moment of the muon. However, in the
simple model we consider in this paper (say a purely vectorial extra U(1)
current), they appear to be in conflict with the precise measurements of \nu-e
elastic scattering cross sections. The surprising agreement that we obtain
between our naive model and the NuTeV anomaly for a Z' mass of a few GeV may be
a coincidence. However, we think it is interesting enough to deserve attention
and perhaps a more careful analysis, especially since a new light gauge boson
is a very important ingredient for the Light Dark Matter scenario.Comment: 9 page
Effect of helicity and rotation on the free decay of turbulent flows
The self-similar decay of energy in a turbulent flow is studied in direct
numerical simulations with and without rotation. Two initial conditions are
considered: one non-helical (mirror-symmetric), and one with maximal helicity.
The results show that, while in the absence of rotation the energy in the
helical and non-helical cases decays with the same rate, in rotating flows the
helicity content has a major impact on the decay rate. These differences are
associated with differences in the energy and helicity cascades when rotation
is present. Properties of the structures that arise in the flow at late times
in each time are also discussed.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure
On phase behavior and dynamical signatures of charged colloidal platelets
We investigate the competition between anisotropic excluded-volume and
repulsive electrostatic interactions in suspensions of thin charged colloidal
discs, by means of Monte-Carlo simulations and dynamical characterization of
the structures found. We show that the original intrinsic anisotropy of the
electrostatic potential between charged platelets, obtained within the
non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann formalism, not only rationalizes the generic
features of the complex phase diagram of charged colloidal platelets such as
Gibbsite and Beidellite clays, but also predicts the existence of novel
structures. In addition, we find evidences of a strong slowing down of the
dynamics upon increasing density.Comment: 6 pages, 6 Figure
QCD Corrections in two-Higgs-doublet extensions of the Standard Model with Minimal Flavor Violation
We present the QCD corrections to R_b and to the Delta B=1 effective
Hamiltonian in models with a second Higgs field that couples to the quarks
respecting the criterion of Minimal Flavor Violation, thus belonging either to
the (1,2)_1/2 or to the (8,2)_1/2 representation of SU(3)xSU(2)xU(1). After the
inclusion of the QCD corrections, the prediction for R_b becomes practically
insensitive to the choice of renormalization scheme for the top mass, which for
the type-I and type-II models translates in a more robust lower bound on
tan(beta). The QCD-corrected determinations of Rb and BR(B->Xs gamma) are used
to discuss the constraints on the couplings of a (colored) charged Higgs boson
to top and bottom quarks.Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures. v2: version published in Phys. Rev. D, with
additional reference and not
Spectrum Orbit Utilization Program Documentation: SOUP5 Version 3.8 User's Manual, Volume 2, Appendices a Through G
The appendixes of the user manual are presented. Input forms which may be used to prepare data for the SOUP5V3.4 of the R2BCSAT-83 data base are given. The IBM job control language which can be used to run the SOUP5 system from a magnetic tape is described. Copies of a run using the delivered tape and IBM OS/MVS Job Control Language card deck are illustrated. Numerical limits on scenario data requests are listed. Error handling, error messages and editing procedures are also listed. Instructions as to how to enter a protection ratio template are given. And relation between PARC prameter, channelization, channel families, and interference categories are also listed
Shell to shell energy transfer in MHD, Part I: steady state turbulence
We investigate the transfer of energy from large scales to small scales in
fully developed forced three-dimensional MHD-turbulence by analyzing the
results of direct numerical simulations in the absence of an externally imposed
uniform magnetic field. Our results show that the transfer of kinetic energy
from the large scales to kinetic energy at smaller scales, and the transfer of
magnetic energy from the large scales to magnetic energy at smaller scales, are
local, as is also found in the case of neutral fluids, and in a way that is
compatible with Kolmogorov (1941) theory of turbulence. However, the transfer
of energy from the velocity field to the magnetic field is a highly non-local
process in Fourier space. Energy from the velocity field at large scales can be
transfered directly into small scale magnetic fields without the participation
of intermediate scales. Some implications of our results to MHD turbulence
modeling are also discussed.Comment: Submitted to PR
Progress in noncommutative function theory
In this expository paper we describe the study of certain non-self-adjoint
operator algebras, the Hardy algebras, and their representation theory. We view
these algebras as algebras of (operator valued) functions on their spaces of
representations. We will show that these spaces of representations can be
parameterized as unit balls of certain -correspondences and the
functions can be viewed as Schur class operator functions on these balls. We
will provide evidence to show that the elements in these (non commutative)
Hardy algebras behave very much like bounded analytic functions and the study
of these algebras should be viewed as noncommutative function theory
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